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PREFACE. 


T N this revision of the Elementary Spelling Book, the chief 
object aimed at is to bring its notation into a correspondence 
with that of the recently issued Quarto Dictionary, in which a 
more extended system of orthoepical marks has been adopted 
for the purpose of exhibiting the nicer discriminations of 
vowel sounds. A few of the Tables, however, and a few single 
columns of words, are left without diacritical signs as exercises 
in notation, a familiarity with which is important to all who 
consult the dictionary. A little attention to the Key to the 
Sounds of the marked Letters will aid both teacher and pupil in 
this interesting exercise. As it has been found inconvenient to 
insert the whole Key at the top of the page, as heretofore, 
frequent reference to the full explanation of the pointed letters 
m page 14 may be desirable. 

In Syllabication it has been thought best not to give the 
itymological division of the Quarto Dictionary, but to retain 
he old mode of Dr. Webster as best calculated to teach young 
cholars the true pronunciation of words. 

The plan of classification here executed is extended so as to 
omprehend every important variety of English words, and the 
lasses are so arranged, with suitable directions for the pro- 
unciation, that any pupil, who shall be master of these Ele- 
lentary Tables , will find little difficulty in learning to form 
nd pronounce any words that properly belong to our ver- 
acular language. 

The Tables intended for Exercises in Spelling and forming 
r ords, contain the original words, with the terminations only 
f their derivatives. These Tables will answer the important 
urposes of teaching the manner of forming the various deriv- 
:ives, and the distinctions of the parts of speech, and thus 







5 PREFACE. 


anticipate, in some degree, the knowledge of grammar; at the 
same time, they bring into a small compass a much greater 
number of words than could be otherwise comprised in so 
small a book. 

The pronunciation here given is that which is sanctioned 
by the most general usage of educated people, both in the j 
United States and in England. There are a few words in both 
countries whose pronunciation is not settled beyond dispute. 
In cases of this kind, the Editor has leaned to regular analo¬ 
gies as furnishing the best rule of decision. 

In orthography there are some classes of words in which 
usage is not uniform. No two English writers agree on this 
subject; and wdiat is worse, no lexicographer is consistent with 
himself. In this book, as in Dr. Webster’s dictionaries, that 
mode of spelling has been adopted which is the most simple 
and best authorized. The Editor has followed the rules that 
are held to be legitimate, and has rendered uniform all classes 
of words falling within them. If established rules and anal¬ 
ogies will not control the practice of writers, there is no au¬ 
thority by which uniformity can be produced. 

The reading lessons are adapted, as far as possible, to the 
capacities of children, and to their gradual progress in knowl¬ 
edge. These lessons will serve to substitute variety for the 
dull monotony of spelling, show the practical use of w T ords in 
significant sentences, and thus enable the learner the better 
to updersjand them. The consideration of diversifying the 
studies of the pupil has also had its influence in the arrange¬ 
ment of the lessons for spelling. It is useful to teach children 
the signification of words, as soon as they can comprehend 
them ; but the understanding can hardly keep pace with the 
memory, and the minds of children may well be employed in 
learning to spell and pronounce words whose signification is 
not within the reach of their capacities; for what they do 
not clearly comprehend at first, they will understand as their 
capacities are enlarged. 

The objects of a work of this kind being chiefly to teach 
orthography and pronunciation, it is judged most proper to 
adapt the various Tables to these specific objects, and omit 
extraneous matter. In short, this little book is so constructed 
as to condense into the smallest compass a complete System 

' I' . " ™”* '* . .. , .. . . . ■ ■ 












PREFACE. 7 


of Elements for teaching the language; and however small 
such a book may appear, it may be considered as the most 
important class book, not of a religious character, which the 
youth of our country are destined to use. 

W. G. W. 

New York, 1866. 


PREFACE TO THE LATEST EDITION. 

The modifications in this revision are not of a character 
to embarrass those teachers who use the previous editions in 
the same class. The principal changes which have been made 
are : 

In many instances an improved form of type ; 

The substitution of living words in the place of those words 
which have become obsolete; 

The omission of orthoepical marks where they are clearly 
unnecessary, as explained below; 

The correction of a few errors in pronunciation, etc., etc.; 

The addition, at the end of the book, of four new pages of 
common words difficult to spell. 

The repetition of the orthoepical mark has been omitted as 
needless in a succession of two or more words having the 
same vowel letter and sound. In such cases only the first word 
is marked—the marked syllable of this leading word being the 
key to the corresponding unmarked syllables in the words, 
which follow. But whenever there is a liability to mispro¬ 
nunciation, the right way is indicated by marking the doubt¬ 
ful syllable. 















THE ELEMENTARY 


8 


ANALYSIS OF SOUNDS 

IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 

The Elementary Sounds of the English language 
are divided into two classes, vowels and conso¬ 
nants. 

A vowel is a clear sound made through an open 
position of the mouth-channel, which molds or shapes 
the voice without obstructing its utterance; as a (in 
far, in fate, etc.), e , o. 

A consonant is a sound formed by a closer position 
of the articulating organs than any position by which 
a vowel is formed, as b, d , t , g, sh. In forming a con¬ 
sonant the voice is compressed or stopped. 

A diphthong is the union of two simple vowel 
sounds, as ou (aoo) in out, oi (ai) in noise. 

The English Alphabet consists of twenty-six letters, 
or single characters, which represent vowel, conso¬ 
nant, and diphthongal sounds—a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, 
i, j, k, 1 , m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, v, z. The 
combinations ch, sh, th, and ng are also used to repre¬ 
sent elementary sounds; and another sound is ex¬ 
pressed by 5, or 2 ; as, in measure, azure , pronounced 
mezh'yoor, azh'ur. 

Of the foregoing letters, a, e, o, are always simple 
vowels; i and u are vowels (as in in, us), or diph¬ 
thongs (as in time, tune); and y is either a vowel (as 
in any), a diphthong (as in my), or a consonant (as 
in ye). 

Each of the vowels has its regular long and short 
sounds which are most used; and also certain occasional 
sounds, as that of a in last, far, care, fall, what; e in 
term, there, prey; i in firm, marine; o in dove, for, 
wolf, prove; and u in furl, rude, and pull. These will 
now be considered separately. 

A. The regular long sound of a is denoted by a hori¬ 
zontal mark over it; as, an'cient, pro-fane'; and the 
regular short sound by a curve over it; as. cat, par'ry. 










SPELLING BOOK. 9 

Occasional sounds .—The Italian sound is indicated 
by two dots over it; as, bar, fa'ther;—the short sound 
of the Italian a , by a single dot over it; as, fast, last; 
—the broad sound, by two dots below it; as, ball, 
stall;—the short sound of broad a, by a single dot 
under it; as, what, quad'rant;—the sound of a before 
r in certain words like care , fair, etc., is represented 
by a sharp or pointed circumflex over the a, as, care, 
hair, fair, etc. 

E. The regular long sound of e is indicated by a 
horizontal mark over it; as, mete, se-rene'; the regu¬ 
lar short sound, by a curve over it; as, met, re-bel'. 

Occasional sounds .—The sound of e like a in care is 
indicated by a pointed circumflex over the e, as in 
their, where; and of short e before r in cases where 
it verges toward short u, by a rounded circumflex, or 
wavy line, over it; as, her, pre-fer'. 

I, O, TJ. The regular long and short sounds of i, 0, 
and u are indicated like those of a and e by a hori¬ 
zontal mark and by a curve; as, bind, bin; dole, 
doll; tune, tun. 

Occasional sounds. —When i has the sound of long 
e it is marked by two dots over it; as, fa-ti’gue', ma¬ 
rine';—when 0 has the sound of short u, it is marked 
by a single dot over it; as, dove, son ;—when it has 
the sound of do, it is marked with two dots under it; 
as, move, prove;—when it has the sound of do, it is 
j marked with a single dot under it; as, wolf, wo'man;— 
9 when it has the sound of broad a , this is indicated by 
I a pointed circumflex over the vowel; as, north, sort; 
—the two letters 00 , with a horizontal mark over them, 
have the sound heard in the words boom, loom ;—with 
a curve mark, they have a shorter form of the same 
sound ; as, book, good ;—when u is sounded like short 
00, it has a single dot under it; as, full, pull; while 
its lengthened sound, as when preceded by r y is indi¬ 
cated by two dots; as in rude, ru'ral, ru'by. 

Note.—-T he long u in unaccented syllables has, to a great 
extent, the sound of 00 , preceded by y, as in educate , pro¬ 
nounced ed'yoo-kate; nature , pronounced nat'yoor. 












The long sound of a in late, when shortened, coincides nearly 
with that of e in let; as, adequate , disconsolate, inveterate. 

The long e, when shortened, coincides nearly with the short 
i in pit (compare feet and fit). This short sound of i is that 
of y unaccented, at the end of words; as, in glory. 

The short sound of broad a in hall , is that of the short o in 
holly, and of a in ichat. 

The short sound of long oo in pool, is that of u in pull, and 
oo in wool. 

The short sound of o in not , is somewhat lengthened before 
s, th , and ng ; as in cross, broth, belong. 

The pronunciation of the diphthongs oi and oy is the same 
and uniform; as, in join, joy. 

The pronunciation of the diphthongs oil and ow is the same 
and uniform; as, in sound, now. But in the termination ous, 
ou is not a diphthong, and the pronunciation is us; as, in 

pious, glorious. 

A combination of two letters used to express a single sound 
is called a digraph; as, ea in head, or th in bath. 

The digraphs ai and ay, in words of one syllable, and in ac¬ 
cented syllables, have the sound of a long. In the unaccented 
syllables of a few words, the sound of a is nearly or quite lost; 
as, in certain, curtain. The digraphs au and aw, have the sound 
of broad a ( a in fall); ew, that of u long, as in new ; and ey, in 
unaccented syllables, that of y or i short, as in valley. 

When one vowel of a digraph is marked, the other has no 
sound; as, in court, road, slow. 

The digraphs ea, ee, ei, ie, when not marked, have, in this 
book, the sound of e long; as, in near, meet, seize, grieve. 

The digraph oa, when unmarked, has the sound of o long. 

Vowels, in words of one syllable, followed by a single con¬ 
sonant and e final, are long; as, in fate, mete, mite, note, mute, 
unless marked, as in dove, give. 

The articulations or sounds represented by the consonants 
are best apprehended by placing a vowel before them in pro¬ 
nunciation, and prolonging the second of the two elements; 
thus, eb, ed, ef, eg, ek, el, em, en, ep, er, es, et, ev, ez. 

Those articulations which wholly stop the passage of the 
breath from the mouth, are called dose, or mute, as b, d, g, k, - 
p, t. 

Those articulations which are formed either wholly or in 
part by the lips, are called labials ; as, b, f, m, p, v. 

Those which are formed by the tip of the tongue and the 
teeth, or the gum covering the roots of the teeth, are called 
dentals; as, d, t, th (as in thin, this). 

Those which are formed by the flat surface of the tongue 
and the palate, are called palatals ; as, g, k, ng, sli, j, y. 

The letters s and z are called also sibilants, or hissing letters. 

















SPELLING BOOK. \\ 


W (as in we) and y (as in ye) are sometimes called semi-vowels, 1 
as being intermediate between vowels and consonants, or par¬ 
taking of the nature of both. 

B and p represent one and the same position of the articu¬ 
lating organs; but p differs from b in being an utterance of the 
breath instead of the voice. 

I> and t stand for one and the same articulation, which is a 
pressure of the tongue against the gum at the root of the upper 
front teeth; but t stands for a whispered, and d for a vocal 
sound. 

F and v stand for one and the same articulation, the upper 
teeth placed on the under lip ; but /indicates an expulsion of 
voiceless breath ; v, of vocalized breath, or tone. 

Tia in filial and til in this represent one and the same ar¬ 
ticulation, the former with breath, the latter with voice. 

S and z stand for one and the same articulation; s being a 
hissing or whispered sound, and z a buzzing and vocal sound. 

Sil and zh have the same distinction as s and z , whispered 
and vocal; but zh not occurring in English words, the sound 
is represented by si or by other letters; as, in fusion, osier , 
azure. 

Cw and k. are cognate letters, also j and ch, the first of 
each couplet being vocal, the second aspirate or uttered with 
breath alone. 

represents a nasal sound. 

B has one sound only, as in bite. After m, or before t , it is 
generally mute; as in dumb , doubt. 

C has the sound of k before a, o , u, l and r, as in cat, cot , cup, 
clock, and crop ; and of s before e, i, and y, as in cell, cit, cycle. 
It may be considered as mute before k; as, in sick , thick. C, 
when followed by e or i before another vowel, unites with e or 
i to form the sound of sh. Thus, cetaceous, gracious, conscience, 
are pronounced ce ta'shus, gra'shus, con'shense. 

I) has its proper sound, as in day , bid ; when preceded in 
the same syllable by a whispered or non-vocal consonant, it 
uniformly takes the sound of/, as in hissed (hist). 

F has one sound only; as, in life, fever, except in of, in which 
it has the sound of v. 

€r before a, o, and u, is a close palatal articulation; as, in 
gave , go, gun; before e, i, and y, it sometimes represents the 
i same articulation, but generally indicates a compound sound, 
like that of j ; as in gem, gin, gyves. Before n in the same syl¬ 
lable it is silent; as, in gnaw. 

U a mark of mere breathing or aspiration. After r it is I 
silent; as, in rhetoric. 

I in certain words has the use of y consonant; as, in million , 
pronounced milVyun. Before r it has a sound nearly resembling 1 
that of short u, but more open; as, in bird, flirt. I 














12 THE ELEMENTARY 


J represents a compound sound, pretty nearly equivalent to 
that represented by dzh ; as, in joy. 

K. has one sound only ; as, in Icing. It is silent before n in 
the same syllable; as, in knave. 

L has one sound only; as, in lame , mill. It is silent in many 
words, especially before a final consonant; as, in walk, calm , 
calf, should. 

M has one sound only ; as, in man , flame. It is silent before 
n in the same syllable; as, in mnemonics. 

N has one sound only; as, in not , sun. It is silent after l 
and m ; as, in kiln, hymn, solemn. 

P has one sound only; as, in pit , lap. At the beginning of 
words, it is silent before n, s, and t; as. in pneumatics, psalm, 
pshaw, ptarmigan. 

has the sound of k, but it is always followed by u, and 
these two letters are generally sounded like kw; as, in ques¬ 
tion. 

R is sounded as in rip , trip, form, carol, mire. 

S has its proper sound, as in send, less ; or the sound of z, as 
in rose. Followed by i preceding a vowel, it unites with the 
vowel in forming the sound of sh; as in mission, pronounced 
mish'un ;—or of its vocal correspondent zh; as in osier, pro¬ 
nounced o'zher. 

T has its proper sound, as in turn , at the beginning of w T ords 
and at the end of syllables. Before i, followed by another 
vowel, it unites with i to form the sound of sh, as in nation, 
partial, patience, pronounced na'shun, par'shot, pa'shense. But 
when s ora precedes t, this letter and the i following it pre¬ 
serve their own sounds; as in bastion, Christian , mixtion, pro¬ 
nounced bast'yun, krlst'yan , mlkst'yun. T is silent in the ter¬ 
minations ten and tie after s; as in fasten, gristle; also in the 
words often , chestnut, Christmas , etc. 

V has one sound only; as, in voice, live, and is never silent. 

W before r in the same syllable is silent, as in wring, wrong. 
In most words beginning with wh, the h precedes the w in 
utterance, that is, wh is simply an aspirated w; thus when is 
pronounced hwen. But if o follows this combination, the w 
is silent, as in whole, pronounced hole. 

X represents ks, as in wax; but it is sometimes pronounced 
like gz; as, in exact. At the beginning of words, it is pro¬ 
nounced like z; as, in Xenophon. 

Z has its proper sound, which is that of the vocal s; as, in 
maze. 

Ch has very nearly the sound of tsh; as, in church: or the 
sound of k; as, in character : or of sh, as in machine. 

Oh is mute in every English word, both in the middle and 
at the end of words, except in the following: cough, chough, 
dough, enough , laugh , rough, slough, tough, trough , in which it 





SPELLING BOOK. 13 


has the sound of f; hough, lough , shough , in which it has the 
sound of kj and hiccough , in which it has the sound of p. At 
the beginning of a word, it is pronounced like g hard; as in 
ghastly, ghost , gherkin , etc.; hence this combination may be 
said not to have a proper or regular sound in any English 
word. 

PIi has the sound of/, as in philosophy; except in Stephen, 
pronounced Ste'vn. 

Sh has one sound only; as, in shall. 

TIi has two sounds; whispered, as in think, both; and 
vocal, as in thou, this. When vocal, the th is marked thus, 
(fh), as in thou. 

Sc has the sound of sk , before a, 0 , u, and r; as, in scale, 
scoff, sculpture , scroll; and the sound of s alone before e, i, and 
y; as, in scene, scepter , science, Scythian. 


ACCENT. 

Accent is a forcible stress or effort of voice on a syllable, 
distinguishing it from others in the same word, by a greater 
distinctness of sound. 

The accented syllable is designated by the mark ('). 

The general principle by which accent is regulated, is, that 
the stress of voice falls on that syllable of a word, which ren¬ 
ders the articulations most easy to the speaker, and most agree¬ 
able to the hearer. By this rule has the accent of most words 
been imperceptibly established by a long and universal con¬ 
sent. 

When a word consists of three or more syllables, ease of 
speaking requires usually a secondary accent, of less forcible 
utterance than the primary, but clearly distinguishable from 
the pronunciation of unaccented syllables; as in su'perflu'ity , 
lifera'ry. 

-4-*-*- 

KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION. 

VOWELS. 

Regular Long and Short Sounds. 

Long.— a, as in fame; e, as in mete ; I, as in fine ; 6, 
as in note; u, as in mute; y, as in fly . 

Short.— a, as in fat; e, as in met; 1 , as in fin ; 6 , as 
in not; u, as in but; y, as in nymph. 

See over. 







KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION— Continued. 
VOWELS.—Occasional Sounds. 

examples. 


a, as in cdre , . . 

a Italian , as in . . 

a, as in last , . . . 

a broad , as in aW, . 
a, as in what (likeishort o) 
e like a, as in . . 

e, as in fern, . . 

e like long a , as in 
1 like long e, as in . 

1, as in bird , . . . 

6 like short u, as in 
o like long oo, as in 
o like short oo , as in 
6 like broad a, as in 
oo (long oo), as in . 
do (short oo), as in . 
u long, preceded by r, as in 
n like oo, as in . . . . 

e, i, o (italic) are silent . 

Regular Diphthongal Sounds. 
oi, or oy (unmarked), as in . oil, join, toy. 
ou, or ow (unmarked), as in out, owl, vowel. 

CONSONANTS. 


EXAMPLES. 


n 

11 

in 


gede, mergy. 
call, concur, 
child, choose, much, 
maghine, ghaise. 
chorus, epoch. 
get, begin, foggy, 
gentle, ginger, elegy, 
same, gas, dense, 
hag, amuge, prigon. 
thing, path, truth, 
thine, their, wither, 
sing, single, 
linger, link, uncle. 
e$ist, auxiliary. 


air, share, pair, bear, 
father, far, balm, path. 

. ask, grass, dance, branch, 
call, talk, haul, swarm, 
wan, wanton, wallow, 
there, heir, where, ere. 
ermine, verge, prefer, 
prey, they, eight, 
pique, machine, mien, 
firm, virgin, dirt, 
dove, son, done, won. 
prove, dp, move, tomb, 
bosom, wolf, woman, 
order, form, stork, 
moon, food, booty, 
foot, book, wool, good, 
rude, rumor, rural, 
put, push, pull, full, 
token, cousin, mason. 


g soft, like s sharp , as in 
c hard , like k, as in . 
ch (unmarked), as in 
gh soft , like sh, as in . 
ch hard , like k , as in . 
g hard , as in ... 
g soft , like/, as in . . 

s sharp (unmarked), as i 
g soft , or vocal , like z , as 
th sharp (unmarked), as 
th flat , or vocal , as in 
ng (unmarked), as in . 
n (much like ng), as in 
like gz } as in . . 

ph (unmarked), like f, as in sylph, qu (unmarked), like kw, as in queen, 
wh (unmarked), like hw, as in what, when, awhile. 


14 


















SPELLING BOOK. 15 


THE 

ALPHABET. 

ROMAN LETTERS. 


ITALIC. NAMES OF LETTERS. 

a 

A 



a 

A 

a 

b 

B 



b 

B 

be 

c 

C 



C 

G 

ce 

d 

D 



d 

D 

de 

e 

E 



e 

E 

e 

f 

F 



f 

F 

ef 

g 

G 



9 

G 

je 

h 

H 



h 

H 

ay teh 

• 

1 

I 



• 

i 

I 

• 

l 

• 

J 

J 



• 

J 

J 

j a 

k 

K 



k 

K 

ka 

1 

L 



l 

L 

el 

in 

M 



m 

M 

em 

n 

N 



n 

N ■ 

en 

o 

0 



0 

0 

0 

P 

P 



V 

p 

pe 

q 

Q 



9 

Q 

cu 

r 

R 



r 

B 

ar 

s 

s 



s 

S 

es 

t 

T 



t 

T 

te 

u 

u 



u 

u 

u 

y 

y 



V 

V 

ve 

w 

w 



IV 

W 

double u 

X 

X 



X 

X 

eks 

y 

Y 



y 

Y 

wi 

z 

Z 



z 

Z 

ze 

& 

•3f 




&* 

and 






»■»- 




DOUBLE LETTERS. 


ff, 

ffl, 

fi, 

fl, ffi, se 

oe. 

* This is not a letter, but a character standing for and. 
















16 THE ELEMENTARY 

OLD ENGLISH. 

a 33 e a s ^ a a jet ji 

s {> c t) f f S Ij t j ft l m n 0 p q v J9f 

t u fo to x g i 

SCRIPT. 

ef / & g£ gW & 

^ J f 


a 


/ C (/ 



/ 


-// 


■m n o 


// 



v d 3 

a v 

22/ 

X 2f Z 


/ 

£ 3 4 

£ 

d / cP p 

0 



No. 1. 

—I. 



ba 

be 

bi 

bo 

bu 

by 

ea 

9 e 

91 

€0 

€U 

?y 

da 

de 

di 

do 

du 

d y 

fa 

fe 

A 

fo 

fu 

fy 

ga 

ge 

gi 

go 

gu 

gy 














s 

PELLING BO 

OK. 


17 

go 

on. 

by me. 

it 

is. 

is he? 

go 

in. 

we go. 

to 

me. 

he is. 

go 

up. 

to us. 

to 

be. 

I am. 

an 

ox. 

do go. 

on 

it. 

on 

as. 



No. 2- 

-II. 




ha 

he 

hi 

ho 


hu 


j a 

j e 

• • 

J 1 

jo 


ju 

jy 

ka 

ke 

ki 

ko 


ku 

ky 

la 

le 

li 

lo 


lu 

J y 

ma 

me 

mi 

mo 


mu 

my 

na 

ne 

ni 

no 


nu 

G y 

• 

is 

he in? 

do go 

on. 


is it on ‘ 

J 

he is in. 

I do go on. 


it is on. 


is 

he up? 

is it sc 

>? 


is it in ? 


he is up. 

it is so. 


it is in. 




No. 3.- 

III. 




pa 

pe 

pi 

po 


pu 

py 

ra 

re 

ri 

ro 


ru 
• • 

r y 

sa 

se 

si 

so 


su 

sy 

ta 

te 

ti 

to 


tu 

ty 

va 

ve 

vi 

VO 


vu 

v y 

wa 

we 

wi 

wo 


wu 

wy 

is he to go ? 

is it by 

us? 


we go to it. 

he is to go. 

it is by 

us. 


he is by 

me. 

am I to go ? 

if he is 

in. 


so he is 

up. 

I am to go. 

go up to it. 


so I am 

up. 



No. 4.- 

-IV. 




ab 

eb 

lb 


ob 

ub 

ae 

ee 

ie 


0€ 


ue 

ad 

ed 

id 


od 

ud 

af 

ef 

if 


of 


uf 

a g 

eg 

ig 


o g 

u g 











113 THE ELEMENTARY 

BAB, LAST, €ARK, F^LL, WII^TJ HER, PREY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINE { 


am I to go in ? 

so he is to go up. 

I am to go 

in. 

is he to be by 

me? 

is 

he to go 

in? 

he is to be by 

me. 

he is to go 

in. 

I am 

to be by it. 



No. 5.- 

-V. 



V • 

a J 

V • 

e J 

w • 

y 


v • 

°J 

v • 

ak 

ek 

ik 


ok 

uk 

al 

el 

ii 


ol 

ul 

am 

em 

l im 


om 

um 

an 

en 

in 


on 

un 

ap 

ep 

ip 


op 

up 



No. 6.- 

-VI. 



•• 

ar 

er 

ir 


or 

ur 

as 

es 

Is 


os 

us 

at 

et 

it 


ot 

ut 

av 

ev 

iv 


ov 

uv 

ax 

ex 

ix 


ox 

ux 

az 

ez 

iz 


oz 

uz 

is he to do so 

by me? 

it is to be by 

me. 

he is to do so 

by me. 

by me it is to be. 

so I am to be 

in. 

I am 

to be as 

he is. 

he is 

to go up by it. 

he is to be as 

I am. 



No. 7.— 

VII. 



bla 

ble 

bli 

bio 

blu 

bly 

ela 

ole 

oli 

olo 

elu 

«iy 

fla 

fle 

ffi 

flo 

flu 

fly 

gla 

gle 

gli 

glo 

giu 

g!y 

pla 

pie 

pli 

plo 

plu 

ply 

sla 

sle 

sli 

slo 

slu 

sly 



No. 8.—V III. 



bra 

bre 

brl 

bro 

bru 
• • 

bry 

ora 

ore 

ori 

oro 

oru 

ery 

dra 

dre 

dri 

dro 

dru 

•• 

dry. 






















SPELLING BOOK. 

19 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, PULI, ‘ EJIST ; 

€=k; e=j; s= 

z; CH = 8H. 

1 y 

fra 

fre 

fri 

fro 

fru 
• • 

fry 

gra 

gre 

gri 

gro 

grii 

gry 



No. 9. 

—IX. 



pra 

pre 

prl 

pro 

prn 

pry 

tra 

tre 

tri 

tro 

tru 
• • 

try 

wra 

wre 

wri 

wro 

wru 
• • 

wry 

cha 

che 

chi 

cho 

chu 

ehy 

sha 

she 

shi 

sho 

shu 

shy 

ska 

ske 

ski 

sko 

sku 

sky 

She fed the old hen. 

She put her hat 

on the 

The hen was fed by her. 

bed. 



See how the hen can 

Did you get my hat ? 

run. 



I did not get the hat. 

I met him in the lot. 

My hat 

is on the 

peg. 

The cow was in the lot. She may go and get my 

See how hot the 

sun is. 

hat. 



It is hot to-day. 

< 

I will 

go and see the 

See the dog run to me. 

man. 



She has a new hat. 

He sits 

on a tin box. 



No. 10.— X . 



pha 

phe 

phi 

pho 

phu 

phy 

qua 

que 

qui 

quo 

quy 

qu 

spa 

spe 

spi 

spo 

spu 

spy 

sta 

ste 

sti 

sto 

stu 

sty 

sea 

sge 

s<ji 

SCO 

seu 

sey 

swa 

swe 

swi 

swo 

swu 

swy 



No. 11. 

—XI. 



spla 

sple 

spli 

splo 

splu 

sply 

spra 

spre 

spri 

spro 

spru 

spry 

stra 

stre 

stri 

stro 

stru 

• • 

stry 

shra 

shre 

shri 

shro 

shru 
• • 

shry 








20 the elementary 

bXr, lAst, «Are, fall, wh^t: her, prey, there; get; bird, marine; link; 

sera sere seri sero scru scry 

sela sele seli selo sclu scly 

No. 12.—XII. 

cab fib hob cub sap lad bid god 

dab jib job dub rip mad hid hod 

nab nib lob sub nip pad did sod 

tab rib mob hub sop sad lid nod 

neb bob rob rub bad led rid odd 

web eob sob tub gad red kid pod 

bib fob bub lap had wed mid rod 

A new cap. I hid it in the box. 

A cob-web. Put on his new bib. 

He has got a new tub. Do not go to the tub. 

He is not a bad boy. She can rub off the dust. 
The lad had a new pen. She put my cap in the tub. 
He saw a mad dog. He had a new red cap. 
She led him to bed. I can do as I am bid. 

No. 13.—XIII. 

log cud fag tag pig dug pug kam 

dog mud hag rag fig hug rug lam 

bog bag jag wag rig jug dam jam 

bud cag lag leg wig tug ham ram 

rud sag nag keg bug mug jam yam 

She has a new bag for Do not let a bug get on 
me. . the bed. 

I can tag the boy. I put the mug in my 
A big dog can run. new tin box. 

He has fed the pig. I can rub the ink off my 
The man can put on his pen on a rag. 

wig. He may put the red jug 

My nag can run in the lot. in my new tin box. 







SPELLING BOOK. 21 

MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; ETXE, POLL; EJIBT ; € = K ; Q = J ; B = Z ; £H=8H. 


No. 14.—XIV, 


hem 

gum 

dan 

ren 

men 

fin 

win 

gun 

gem 

hum 

fan 

ben 

pen 

hin 

con 

pun 

dim 

mum 

man 

den 

ten 

kin 

don 

run 

him 

rum 

pan 

fen 

wen 

pin 

bun 

sun 

rim 

sum 

ran 

hen 

bin 

sin 

dun 

tun 

dum 

ban 

tan 

ken 

din 

tin 

fun 

nun 




No. 15 

.—XV. 




hap 

gap 

pip 

mop 

far 

fat 

vat 

net 

rap 

dip 

sip 

top 

tar 

rat 

bet 

wet 

map 

hip 

kip 

pop 

jar 

hat 

jet 

pet 

lap 

rip 

nip 

sop 

mar 

mat 

get 

set 

pap 

tip 

fop 

lop 

par 

sat 

let 

yet 

tap 

lip 

hop 

bar 

bat 

pat 

met 

hag 




No. 16.- 

-XVI 

• 



bit 

pit 

jot 

got 

nut 

vex 

fox 

can 

git 

sit 

lot 

wot 

rut 

fix 

wad 

cap 

fit 

wit 

not 

but 

lax 

mix 

wan 

cat 

lit 

bot 

pot 

cut 

tax 

pix 

war 

•• 

sap 

mit 

cot 

rot 

hut 

wax 

six 

wa§ 

gin 

nit 

dot 

sot 

jut 

sex 

box 

wat 

chit 


Ann can hem my cap. 
She has a new fan. 

He hid in his den. 

The pig is in his pen. 
I see ten men. 

He had a gun. 

I saw him run. 

The map is wet. 

She will sit by me. 

He has cut my pen. 

I had a nut to eat. 

Can you get my hat ? 


It is in my lap. 

I will get a new map. 
A bat can fly. 

A cat can eat a rat. 

I met the boy. 

He sat on my box. 
Now the sun is set. 

I met six men to-day 
Ten men sat by me. 

I put the pin on my tin 
box. 

Let him get the wax. 











22 

THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, lAst, €AKK, fall, wh^t; hee, PEgY, thebe; get; bied, mabjne; link; 



No. 17.- 

XVII. 



babe 

hide 

mode Hge 

bhje 

cage 

lake 

cade 

ride 

lode dace dice 

gage 

take 

fade 

side 

node face 

lice 

page 

make 

jade 

tide 

rode lace 

mice 

rage 

rake 

lade 

wide 

lobe pace nice 

sage 

sake 

made 

ode 

robe race rice 

doge 

hake 

wade 

bode 

cube mace vice 

huge 

wake 

bide 

eode 

tube Ice 

age 

bake 

cake 



No. 18.—XVIII. 



dike 

yoke 

dale 

mile 

dole 

came 

like 

duke 

male 

nile 

hole 

dame 

pike 

Luke 

hale 

pile 

mole 

fame 

tike 

fluke 

pale 

tile 

pole 

game 

coke 

ale 

sale 

vile 

sole 

lame 

joke 

bale 

tale 

wile 

tole 

name 

poke 

cale 

bile 

bole 

mule 

same 

woke 

gale 

file 

cole 

rule 
• • 

tame 



No. 19.- 

-XIX. 



ape 

ripe 

mope 

ore 

more 

wove 

cape 

wipe 

hope 

bore 

sore 

gaze 

tape 

type 

rope 

core 

tore 

haze 

nape 

cope 

mere 

fore 

yore 

maze 

rape 

pope 

here 

gore 

cove 

raze 

pipe 

lope 

sere 

lore 

rove 

craze 



No. 20.- 

-XX. 



cure 

klne 

lane 

ate 

bite 

dose 

lure 

nine 

mane 

date 

9ite 

bone 

pure 

pine 

pane 

gate 

kite 

cone 

dine 

sine 

sane 

fate 

mite 

zone 

fine 

wine 

cane 

hate 

rite 

hone 

line 

vine 

wane 

late 

site 

tone 

mine 

bane 

base 

mate 

dive 

June 








SPELLING BOOK. 23 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; ETTLE, PCLL J EXIBT ; €=K *, 6=J ; S = Z ; <JU = 8H. 


case pate 
rate rive 

No. 21.—XXI. 


tme 

fane 

torn 

worn 

sworn 

urn 

burn 

churn 

spurn 

turn 

asp 

gasp 

hasp 

clasp 

rasp 

grasp 

lisp 

oft 

loft 

soft 

tuft 

belt 

felt 

melt 

smelt 

brunt 

grunt 

runt 


vane 

vase 

alps 

scalp 

help 

kelp 

yelp 

gulp 

pulp 

damp 

crisp 

wisp 

dreg§ 

tongs 

lungs 

lens 

gulf 

pelt 

welt 

gilt 

hilt 

milt 

spilt 

tilt 

bolt 

wept 

swept 

art 


camp 

lamp 

clamp 

ramp 

cramp 

stamp 

vamp 

hemp 


chops 

act 

fact 

pact 

tact 

tract 

sect 


dolt 

jolt 

hold 

cant 

scant 

plant 

rant 


smart 

part 

tart 


imp 
gimp 
limp 
pimp 
crimp 
shrimp 
pomp 
romp 


pict 

strict 

duct 

aft 

baft 

haft 

shaft 


ant 

chant 

grant 

slant 

pant 

bent 

dent 

lent 


snort 

sort 

tort 


hive 

fume 

bump 

dump 

chump 

jump 

lump 

clump 

plump 

mump 

raft 

craft 

draft 

graft 

waft 

heft 

left 

pent 

9 ent 

spent 

rent 

sent 

tent 

vent 

went 

last 

blast 

mast 


tune 

sane 

rump 

crump 

pump 

trump 

carp 

scarp 

harp 

sharp 

weft 

gift 

shift 

lift 

rift 

drift 

sift 

dint 

lint 

flint 

splint 

mint 

print 

tint 

stint 

zest 

hest 

chest 


No. 22.—XXII 


No. 23.—XXIII. 

colt 


No. 24.—XXIV. 










24 the elementary 


BAK, LAST, 

gIre, fall, 

wn4T; her, prey, there; 

get; bTrd, marine; li^k 

apt 

cart 

start 

hurt 

past 

jest 

chapt 

dart 

pert 

shirt 

vast 

lest 

kept 

hart 

vert 

flirt 

didst 

blest 

slept 

chart 

wert 

cast 

midst 

nest 

crept 

mart 

short 

fast 

best 

pest 



No. 25.- 

-XXV. 



rest 

quest 

mist 

cost 

thirst 

lust 

crest 

west 

grist 

first 

bust 

must 

drest 

zest 

wrist 

burst 

dust 

rust 

test 

fist 

wist 

curst 

gust 

crust 

vest 

list 

lost 

durst 

just 

trust 


Fire will burn wood and coal. 

Coal and wood will make a fire. 

The world turns round in a day. 

Will you help me pin my frock ? 

Do not sit on the damp ground. 

We burn oil in tin and glass lamps. 

The lame man limps on his lame leg. 

We make ropes of hemp and flax. 

A rude girl will romp in the street. 

The good girl may jump the rope. 

A duck is a plump fowl. 

The horse drinks at the pump. 

A pin has a sharp point. 

We take up a brand of fire with the tongs. 
Good boys and girls will act well. 

How can you test the speed of your horse ? 
He came in haste, and left his book. 

Men grind corn and sift the meal. 

We love just and wise men. 

The wind will drive the dust in our eyes. 
Bad boys love to rob the nests of birds. 

Let us rest on the bed, and sleep, if we can. 
Tin and brass will rust when the air is damp. 











SPELLING BOOK. 25 

MOVE, 8dN, wolf, foot, moon, OB; BFLE, PULL ; ejist ; € = K ; 4=J; s = z; 9H = 8U. 


No. 26.—XXVI. 

WORDS OP TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


ba' ker 

tro ver 

so lar 

wo ful 

pa pal 

sha dy 

elo ver 

po lar 

po em 

JL 

co pal 

la dy 

do nor 

lu nar 

fo rum 

vi al 

tl dy 

va por 

so ber 

Sa tan 

pe nal 

ho ly 

fa vor 

pa ger 

fu el 

ve nal 

ll my 

fla vor 

ra ger 

du el 

fi nal 

sli my 

sa vor 

gro ger 

cru el 
• • 

6 ral 

bo ny 

ha lo 

gl der 

gru el 

ho ral 

po ny 

so lo 

spi der 

pu pil 

mu ral 

po ker 

he ro 

wa fer 

la bel 

na §al 

ti ler 

ne gro 

ca per 

li bel 

fa tal 

ca per 

ty ro 

ti ger 

lo cal 

na tal 

pa per 

out go 

ma ker 

fo cal 

ru ral 
• • 

ta per 

sa go 

ta ker 

vo cal 

vi tal 

vl per 

tu lip 

ra ker 

le gal 

to tal 

bi ter 

ge dar 

se ton 

re gal 

o val 

fe ver 

bri er 

ru in 
• • 

di al 

pli ant 

6 ver 

fri ar 

hy men 

tri al 

gi ant 


Bakers bake bread and cakes. 

I like to play in the shady grove. 

Some fishes are very bony. 

I love the young lady that shows me how to read. 
A pony is a very little horse. 

We poke the fire with the poker. 

The best paper is made of linen rags. 

Vipers are bad snakes, and they bite men. 

An ox loves to eat clover. 

The tulip is very pretty, growing in the garden. 
A dial shows the hour of the day. 

Cedar trees grow in the woods. 

The blackberry grows on a brier. 















26 THE ELEMENTARY 

BAB, LAST, CARE, F&LL, WII4.T; HER, PEIY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LltfK J 

Cider is made of apples. 

A tiger will kill and eat a man. 

A raker can rake hay. 

A vial is a little bottle. 

A giant is a very stout, tall man. 

The Holy Bible is the book of God. 




No. 27.- 

-XXVII. 


scab 

crib 

grub 

bled 

plod 

stag 

stab 

drib 

shrub 

bred 

trod 

scrag 

blab 

squib 

stub 

sped 

scud 

snag 

slab 

chub 

shad 

shred 

stud 

drag 

crab 

club 

clad 

shed 

slug 

swag 

drab 

snub 

glad 

sled 

brag 

flag 

glib 

scrub 

brad 

shod 

crag 

sham 

snib 

drub 

fled 

clod 

shag 

cram 



No. 28.- 

•XXVIII. 


clam 

prim 

scan 

spin 

trap 

slip 

dram 

trim 

clan 

grin 

scrap 

grip 

slam 

swim 

plan 

twin 

strap 

scrip 

swam 

from 

span 

chap 

chip 

drip 

stem 

scum 

bran 

clap 

ship 

trip 

skim 

plum 

glen 

flap 

skip 

strip 

brim 

grum 

chin 

slap 

clip 

frit 

grim 

drum 

skin 

snap 

flip 

split 



No. 29/- 

-XXIX. 



chop 

char 

flat 

slit 

blot 

slut 

shop 

spar 

plat 

smit 

clot 

smut 

slop 

star 

spat 

spit 

plot 

glut 

crop 

stir 

brat 

split 

spot 

strut 

stop 

blftr 

fret 

grit 

grot 

flax 

prop 

slur 

whet 

scot 

trot 

flux 

scar 

spur 

tret 

shot 

shut 

floss 












SPELLING BOOK. 27 

MOVK, 86n, WQLty TOOT, M OON, 6b ; B^LK, P^LL ; KJIBT ; € = K ; 6= J ; * = z; Cu = su. 

Ann can spin flax. He must not drink a 
A shad can swim. dram. 

He was glad to see me. He set a trap for a rat. 
The boy can ride on a Ships go to sea. 

sled. The boy can chop. 

A plum will hang by a The man shot a ball, 
stem. I saw her skim the milk 


The boy had a 

drum. 

in a pan. 




No. 30.- 

-XXX. 



bulb 

bold 

band 

brand 

wend 

fond 

barb 

cold 

hand 

end 

blend 

pond 

garb 

gold 

land 

bend 

bind 

fund 

/^erb 

fold 

rand 

fend 

find 

bard 

verb 

hold 

bland 

lend 

hind 

card 

curb 

mold 

grand 

mend 

kind 

hard 

child 

sold 

gland rend 

mind 

lard 

mild 

told 

sand 

send 

rind 

pard 

wild 

scold 

stand 

tend 

wind 

scarf 

old 

and 

strand 

vend 

bond 

bird 



No. 31.- 

-XXXI. 



herd 

surf 

such 

lanch 

bunch 

latch 

curd 

scurf 

filch 

blanch 

hunch 

match 

surd 

rich 

milch 

branch lunch 

patch 

turf 

much 

patch 

stanch 

punch 

snatch 

arch 

pouch 

crotch 

ditch 

switch 

crutch 

march 

crouch 

botch 

hitch 

twitch 

Dutch 

starch 

torch 

blotch 

pitch 

sketch 

plush 

harsh 

church itch 

stitch 

stretch 

flush 

marsh 

lurch 

bitch 

witch 

clutch 

crush 

To 

filch is 

to steal. 

We must not filch. 

A bird sits 

on a branch to 

sing. 









28 

THE ELEMENTARY 


BAR, rAst, gare, wh^t; hEr, prey, tiikre; get; bTrd, marine; link; 


No. 32.- 

XXXII. 


WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, 

ACCENTED ON 

THE SECOND. 

a base' 

re claim' 

un say' 

ben zoin' 

de base 

pro claim 

as say 

a void 

in case 

dis claim 

a way 

a droit 

a bate 

ex claim 

o bey 

ex ploit 

de bate 

de mean 

con vey 

de coy 

se date 

be moan 

pur vey 

en joy 

ere ate 

re tain . 

sur vey 

al loy 

ob late 

re main 

de fy 

em ploy 

re late 

en gross 

af fy 

an noy 

in flate 

dis creet 

de ny 

de stroy 

col late 

al lay 

de cry 

con voy 

trans late 

de lay 

re boil 

es pouge 

mis state 

re lay 

de spoil 

ca rouge 

re plete 

in lay 

em broil 

de vour 

com plete 

mis lay 

re coil 

re dound 

se erete 

dis play 

sub join 

de vout 

re Qlte 

de cay 

ad join 

a mount 

in 9 ite 

dis may 

re join 

sur mount 

po lite 

de fray 

en join 

dis mount 

ig nite 

ar ray 

con join 

re count 

re deem 

be tray 

dis join 

re nown 

es teem 

por tray 

mis join 

en dow 

de claim 

a stray 

pur loin 

a vow 


Strong drink will debase a man. 

Hard shells incase clams and oysters. 

Men inflate balloons with gas, which is lighter 
than common air. 

Teachers like to see their pupils polite to each 
other. 

Idle men often delay till to-morrow things 
that should be done to-day. 













SPELLING BOOK. 29 

MOVE, 8 dN, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RTJLE, PULL ; EJIBT ; € = K ; G— J 5 8 = Z ; £H=8H. 


Good men obey the laws of God. 

I love to survey the starry heavens. 

Careless girls mislay their things. 

The fowler decoys the birds into his net. 

Cats devour rats and mice. 

The adroit ropedancer can leap and jump and 
perform as many exploits as a monkey. 

Wise men employ their time in doing good to 
all around them. 

In the time of war, merchant vessels sometimes 
have a convoy of ships of war. 

Kings are men of high renown, . 

Who fight and strive, to wear a crown. 

God created the heavens and the earth in six 
days, and all that was made was very good. 

To purloin is to steal. 


No. 33.—XXXIII. 


deed 

breed 

glee 

steel 

green 

sleek 

feed 

seed 

free 

deem 

seen 

meek 

heed 

weed 

tree 

seem 

teen 

reek 

bleed 

bee 

eel 

teem 

steen 

creek 

meed 

fee 

feel * 

sheen 

queen 

Greek 

need 

see 

heel 

keen 

ween 

seek 

speed 

lee 

peel 

spleen 

leek 

week 

reed 

flee 

reel 

screen 

cheek 

beef 



No. 34.- 

-XXXIV. 


deep 

weep 

leer 

lee§ 

meet 

brood 

sheep 

sweep 

fleer 

bee§ 

greet 

geese 

keep 

beer 

sneer 

beet 

street 

fleege 

sleep 

deer 

peer 

feet 

sweet 

sleeve 

peep 

cheer 

seer 

sheet 

food 

reeve 

x J- 

creep 

sheer 

steer 

fleet 

mood 

breeze 

steep 

jeer 

queer 

sleet 

rood 

freeze 











30 the elementary 

bIb, lAst, •care, f^ll, tth^t: her, pest, there; set; bird, marine; lujx; 


No. 35.—XXXV. 


boom 

groom 

loo 

troop 

bdoge 

rook 

eoom 

boon 

coo 

stoop 

choo§e 

brook 

doom 

loon 

two 

•• 

swoop 

noo§e 

crook 

loom 

moon 

coop 

boor 

cook 

took 

bloom 

noon 

scoop 

moor 

hook 

wool 

gloom 

spoon 

loop 

poor 

look 

wood 

room 

soon 

sloop 

loose 

stook 

good 

broom 

swoon 

droop 

goose 

nook 

stood 

fool 

spool 

boot 

root 

proof 

son 

pool 

stool 

coot 

roof 

blood 

won 

tool 

roost 

moot 

woof 

flood 

ton 


Plants grow in the ground from seeds. 

The man cuts down trees with his ax. 

Eels swim in the brook. 

Sharp tools are made of steel. 

The sun seems to rise and set each day. 

The ax has a keen edge and cuts well. 

In the spring the grass looks green and fresh. 

I have seen the full moon. 

A king and queen may wear crowns of gold. 

I will kiss the babe on his cheek. 

We go to church on the first day of the week. 
The man put a curb round our deep well. 
Wool makes the sheep warm. 

Men keep their pigs in pens. 

We lie down and sleep in beds. 

The new broom sweeps clean. 

The wild deer runs in the woods. 

The red beet is good to eat. 

If I meet him in the street, I will greet him with 
a kind look, and show him my new book. 






SPELLING BOOK. 31 


MOVE, 60N, 

WOLF, FOOT, 

VIOON, OK ; RULE, PULL J EJI8T 

; €=k; 

6 = z; CH = SH 



No. 36.- 

-XXXVI. 


back 

pack 

quack 

quick 

rick 

wick 

hack 

rack 

beck 

chick 

brick 

clock 

jack 

crack 

deck 

click 

crick 

lock 

lack 

track 

check 

kick 

trick 

block 

black 

sack 

neck 

lick 

sick 

hock 

slack 

tack 

peck 

nick 

tick 

shock 

smack 

stack 

speck 

pick 

stick 

flock 



No. 37.- 

XXXVII. 


pock 

chuck 

stuck 

bulk 

clank 

prank 

rock 

luck 

elk 

hulk 

flank 

tank 

brock 

cluck 

welk 

skulk 

plank 

ink 

crock 

pluck 

yelk 

bank 

slank 

link 

frock 

muck 

ilk 

dank 

rank 

blink 

mock 

truck 

bilk 

hank 

crank 

clink 

sock 

struck 

silk 

shank 

drank 

slink 

buck 

suck 

milk 

lank 

frank 

sink 

duck 

tuck 

kilt 

blank 

shrank 

brink 


No. 38.—XXXVIII. 


prink 

drunk 

mark 

irk 

ask 

disk 

shrink 

trunk 

park 

dirk 

bask 

risk 

mink 

sunk 

spark 

kirk 

cask 

brisk 

wink 

slunk 

stark 

quirk 

hask 

frisk 

drink 

ark 

jerk 

cork 

flask 

busk 

pink 

lark 

clerk 

fork 

mask 

dusk 

spunk dark 

perk 

stork 

task 

husk 

junk 

hark 

smirk 

lurk 

desk 

boss 

skunk 

shark 

shirk 

Turk 

whisk 

tuft 


The smell of the pink is sweet. 

I can play when my task is done. 









32 

THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, LAST, 

«1rE, F^LL, 

th^t; her, prbt, thebe; 

get; bird, marine; link; 



No. 39.- 

XXXIX. 


j busk 

snarl 

churl 

barm 

barn 

born 

musk 

twirl 

purl 

farm 

tarn 

corn 

rusk 

whirl 

elm 

harm 

yarn 

scorn 

tusk 

curl 

helm 

charm 

kern 

morn 

dusk 

furl 

film 

sperm 

fern 

lorn 

marl 

hurl 

arm 

term 

stern 

horn 



No. 40.—X L. 



gaff 

scoff 

puff 

call 

•• 

wall 

•• 

quell 

staff 

doff 

ruff 

fall 

thrall 

well 

quaff 

buff 

stuff 

gall 

small 

dwell 

skiff 

■Guff 

add 

hall 

squall 

swell 

eliff 

huff 

odd 

mall 

smell 

in 

tiff 

luff 

egg 

pall 

spell 

bill 

stiff 

bluff 

all 

•• 

tall 

sell 

quill 

off 

muff 

ball 

stall 

tell 

ebb 



No. 41. 

—XLI. 



gin 

kill 

still 

roll 

dull 

inn 

gin 

skill 

quill 

scroll 

gull 

• bin 

hill 

shrill 

squill 

droll 

hull 

wren 

mill 

spill 

will 

troll 

skull 

burr 

rill 

trill 

swill 

stroll 

lull 

purr 

drill 

sill 

boll 

toll 

mull 

bush 

frill 

fill 

poll 

€U11 

trull 

push 



No. 42.- 

—X L11. 



ass 

trass 

g^ess 

kiss 

moss 

truss 

bass 

brass 

less 

bliss 

cross 

bust 

lass 

grass 

bless 

miss 

dross 

bur 

glass 

$ess 

mess 

Swiss 

cost 

bull 

class 

dress 

eress 

boss 

buss 

full 

mass 

press 

chess 

loss 

fuss 

puss 

pass 

stress 

tress 

gloss 

muss 

hurt 













SPELLING BOOK. 


33! 


SINGULAR. 

stave 

PLURAL. 

staves 

SINGULAR. 

Sgg 

PLURAL. 

eggs 

SINGULAR. 

quill 

cliff 

cliffs 

hall 
• • 

halls 

poll 

mill 

mill§ 

wall 

walls 

skull 

pill 

pillg 

bill 

bills 

Inn 

ball 

•• 

balls 

•• 

sill 

sills 

bell 


MOTE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; BULK, PELL ; EXIST ; € = K ; 6=J ; S=Z ; CH=8H. 

No. 43.—XLIII. 

PLURAL. 

quills 
poll§ 
skulls 
Inns 
bell§ 

A skiff is a small rowboat. 

A cliff is a high steep rock. 

Leave off your bad tricks. 

A tarn is a small lake among the mountains. 

A ship has a tall mast. 

I like to see a good stone wall round a farm. 

A pear tree grows from the seed of a pear. 

A good boy will try to spell and read well. 

Do not lose or sell your books. 

A good son will help his father. 

I dwell in a new brick house. 

If you boil dry beans and peas they will swell. 
A duck has a wide flat bill. 

One quart of milk will fill two pint cups. 

One pint cup will hold four gills. 

I saw a rill run down the hill. 

A brook will turn a mill. 

A bull has a stiff neck. 

The frost will kill the leaves on the trees. 

When the cock crows, he makes a shrill loud 
noise. 

A cat will kill and eat rats and mice. 

Hogs feed on swill and corn. 

The skull is the bony case that encloses the brain. 
Puss likes to sit on your lap and purr. 

A gull is a large sea fowl that feeds on fish. 
Some sea bass are as large as shad. 
















1 34 THE ELEMENTARY 

bar, lAst, gaee, f^ll, ¥ii^t; heb, feey, thebe; get; bibd, marine; link; 

Brass is made of zinc and copper. 

The rain will make the grass grow. 

You must keep your dress neat and clean. 

The moon is much smaller than the sun. 

I will try to get a mess of peas for dinner. 

Let me go and kiss that sweet young babe. 
Moss grows on trees in the woods. 

Fire will melt ores, and the metal will run off 
and leave the dross. 

God will bless those who do his will. 



No. 44.- 

-X LIV. 


WORDS OF 

TWO SYLLABLES. 

, ACCENTED ON 

THE FIRST. 

ban' quet 

pot' ash 

pitch 7 er 

ban 7 dy 

gus set 

fil lip 

butch er 

can dy 

rus set 

gos sip 

tish er 

hand y 

cos set 

bish op 

witch craft 

stur dy 

91V et 

gal lop 

tan gent 

stud y 

riv et 

shal lop 

pun gent 

lack ey 

vel vet 

trol lop 

co gent 

jock ey 

hab it 

tur gid 

ur gent 

mon key 

rab bit 

beg gar 

tal ent 

turn key 

or bit 

vul gar 

frag ment 

med ley 

com fit 

9el lar 

seg ment 

al ley 

prof it 

pil lar 

fig ment 

gal ley 

lim it 

col lar 

pig ment 

val ley 

sum mit 

dol lar 

par rot 

vol ley 

vom it 

pop lar 

piv ot 

pul ley 

her mit 

gram mar 

bal lot 

bar ley 

arm pit 

nee tar 

mar mot 

pars ley 

mer it 

tar tar 

ram part 

mot ley 

spir it 

mor tar 

mod est 

kid ney 

eul prit 

jab ber 

tern pest 

don kev 

vi§ it 

rob ber 

for est 

chim ney 









SPELLING BOOK. 


__ ___ 35 

MOTS, 86 n, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OB J BULK, PULL ; EJIST ; € = K ; G=J ; S = 2 ; CH=SH. 


trail 7 sit 
pan to 
shiv er 
sil ver 
■eov er 
sul phur 
mur mur 
muf Her 
sam pier 
mel on 
ser mon 
drag on 
cou p5n 
grand son 
lack er 
grot to 
kid nap 


lub 7 ber 
blub ber 
am ber 
mem ber 
lim ber 
tim ber 
um ber 
eum ber 
lum ber 
num ber 
bar ber 
mer §er 
won der 
yon der 
gin ger 
char ger 
trench er 


in' quest 
eon quest 
har vest 
in most 
ut most 
im post 
chestf nut 
eon test 
jack daw 
mil dew 
eur few 
ed dy 
gld dy 
mud dy 
rud dy 
gen try 
sul try 


hon 7 ey 
mon ey 
jour ney 
eum frey 
lam prey 
jer §ey 
ker §ey 
eler gy 
tan §y 
ral ly 
sal ly 
tal ly 

jel ly 

sil ly 
fol ly 

j°i iy 

on ly 


Cotton velvet is very soft to the feel. 

Rabbits have large ears and eyes, that they 
may hear quick, and see well in the dark. 
We like to have our friends visit us. 

Visitors should not make their visits too long. 
Silver spoons are not apt to rust. 

Beggars will beg rather than work. 

Cents are made of copper, and dollars, of silver. 
One hundred cents are worth a dollar. 

A dollar is worth a hundred cents. 

Dollars are our largest silver coins. 

Silver and copper ores are dug out of the 
ground, and melted in a very hot fire. 

A mercer is one who deals in silks and woolen 
cloths. 

A grotto is a cavern or cave. 













36 THE ELEMENTARY 

bar, lAst, «are, wh^t; hee, peey, tiiebe; get; bird, marine; link; 

- No. 45.—X L V. 

badge sledge budge swinge gorge parse 

fadge wedge judge twinge lirge erse 

edge midge grudge lounge gurge terse 

hedge ridge hinge plunge purge verse 

ledge bridge cringe serge surge cdrse 

pledge I5dge fringe verge germ gorse 

fledge podge singe dirge copse morse 



No. 

46.—XL VI. 


house 

rich 

quench 

munch 

ketch 

louse 

belch 

stench 

gulch 

retch 

mouse 

birch 

wench 

batch 

flitch 

souse 

bench 

inch 

hatch 

notch 

curse 

blench 

clinch 

catch 

potch 

purse 

drench 

finch 

snatch 

hutch 

parch 

French 

flinch 

scratch 

sylph 

perch 

tench 

pinch 

etch 

lymph 

scorch 

trench 

winch 

fetch 

nymph 


The razor has a sharp edge. 

A ledge is a ridge of rocks. 

The farmer splits rails with a wedge. 

A judge must not be a bad man. 

Doors are hung on hinges. 

Birch wood will make a hot fire. 

If you go too near a hot fire it may singe or 
scorch your frock. 

The' troops march to the sound of the drum. 

Six boys can sit on one long bench. 

The birds fly from branch to branch on the 
trees and clinch their claws fast to the limbs. 

The first joint of a man’s thumb is one inch 
long. 

I wish I had a bunch of sweet grapes. 














SPELLING BOOK. 37 

MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; R£TE, PULL ; EJIST *, « = K J 4=J ; S = Z ; ^H = SH. 

A cat can catch rats and mice ; and a trap will 
catch a fox. 

A hen will sit on a nest of eggs and hatch 
chickens. 

The latch holds the door shut. 

We can light the lamp with a match 
Never snatch a book from any one. 

A cross cat will scratch with her sharp nails. 


No. 47.—X L V11. 


rige 

cloge 

uge 

gul de 

t^yme 

wige 

noge 

fuge 

gzdle 

shrine 

gwige 

roge 

muge 

quite 

sphere 

choge 

proge 

phra§e 

quote 

grime 


The sun will set at the close of the day. 

Good boys will use their books with care. 

A man can guide a horse with a bridle. 

The earth is not quite round. It is not so long 
from north to south as it is from east to west. 
A sphere is a round body or globe. 

In the nose are the organs of smell. 

We love to hear a chime of bells. 

A shrine is a case or box; a hallowed place. 

A great heat will fuse tin. 

His prose is written in a good style. 

A phrase is a short form of speech, or a part 
of a sentence. 


No. 48.—XL VI11. 


void 

spoil 

point 

noige 

hoist 

pound 

oil 

broil 

coin 

poige 

joist 

round 

boil 

soil 

loin 

coif 

moist 

ground 

coil 

toil 

join 

quoif 

bound 

sound 

foil 

oint 

groin 

quoit 

found 

wound 

roil 

joint 

quoin 

foist 

hound 

mound 







38 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAR, LAST, GIrE, F^LL, WH^T; HER, PREY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK J 




No. 49.- 

-X LIX. 



loud 

trout 

pouch 

flour 

mount 

clout 

proud 

chouse 

foul 

sour 

out 

flout 

cloud 

grouse 

owl 

count 

bout 

snout 

shroud 

spouge 

cowl 

fount 

scout 

pout 

oun9e 

rou§e 

prowl 

fowl 

gout 

spout 

boun9e 

browge 

scowl 

howl 

shout 

sprout 

floun9e 

tou§e 

stout 

growl 

lout 

choi9e 

poun9e 

crown 

brown 

rout 

our 

voi9e 

grout 

frown 

clown 

couch 

scour 

poi§e 

crout 

town 

gown 

slouch 

hour 

noige 


We can burn fish oil in lamps. 

We boil beets with meat in a pot. 

Pears are choice fruit. 

When you can choose for yourself, try to make 
a good choice. 

The cat and mouse live in the house. 

The owl has large eyes and can see in the night. 
One hand of a watch goes round once in an 
hour. 

Wheat flour will make good bread. 

Limes are sour fruit. 

A hog has a long snout to root up the ground. 
A trout is a good fish to eat. 

An ox is a stout, tame beast. 

Fowls have wings to fly in the air. 

Wolves howl in the woods in the night. 

A dog will growl and bark. 

The cold frost turns the leaves of the trees 
brown, and makes them fall to the ground. 
Rain will make the ground moist. 

You can broil a beefsteak over the coals of fire. 
| We move our limbs at the joints. 













SPELLING BOOK, 39 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RTTLE, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K ; G = J ; g = Z ; £11 = 811. 

Land that has a rich soil will bear large crops 
of grain and grass. 

A pin has a head and a point. 

A dime is a small coin worth ten cents. 

Men play on the bass viol. 

A great gun makes a loud noise. 

Men hoist goods from the hold of a ship with 
ropes. 

The beams of a wooden house are held up by 
posts and joists; these are parts of the frame. 

God makes the ground bring forth fruit for 
man and beast. 

The globe is nearly round like a ball. 

The dark cloud will shed its rain on the ground 
and make the grass grow. 


No. 50.—L. 


sea 

read 

aid 

gourd 

pea9e 

heave 

pea 

goad 

laid 

sour9e 

lease 

weave 

flea 

load 

maid 

course 

praise 

leave 

plea 

road 

staid 

crease 

coarse 

blue 

JL 

bead 

toad 

board 

grease 

hoarse 

flue 

mead 

woad 

hoard 

9 ease 

breve 

glue 



No. 51.—LI. 



bye 

baize 

loaf 

each 

teach 

bleak 

*/ 

lye 

raige 

fief 

beach 

coach 

fleak 

J 

eye 

maize 

chief 

bleach 

roach 

speak 

ease 

sheaf 

lief 

peach 

broach 

peak 

tease 

leaf 

brief 

reach 

leash 

sneak 

seize 

neaf 

grief 

breach 

beak 

creak 

chee§e 

oaf 

waif 

preach 

leak 

freak 


Few men can afford to keep a coach. 













40 THE ELEMENTARY 

BAR, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WII 4 .T; HER, TRET, THERE*, GET*, BIRD, MARINE; LI£K *, 


No. 52.—LII. 


break 

oak 

peal 

shoal 

nail 

tail 

steak 

croak 

seal 

ail 

snail 

vail 

streak 

soak 

veal 

bail 

pail 

quail 

screak 

beal 

weal 

fail 

rail 

wail 

squeak 

deal 

zeal 

hail 

frail 

bowl 

weak 

heal 

coal 

jail 

grail 

soul 

shriek 

meal 

foal 

flail 

trail 

beam 

tweak 

neal 

goal 

mail 

sail 

dream 



No. 53.- 

—LIII. 



fleam 

steam 

bean 

mien 

grain 

plain 

gleam 

foam 

dean 

moan 

brain 

slain 

ream 

loam 

lean 

loan 

strain 

main 

bream 

roam 

clean 

roan 

sprain 

pain 

cream 

aim 

glean 

groan 

chain 

rain 

scream 

claim 

mean 

fain 

lain 

drain 

team 

maim 

wean 

gain 

blain 

train 


When the wind blows hard the sea roars, and 
its waves run high. 

We have green peas in the month of June. 

No man can make a good plea for a dram. 

Girls are fond of fine beads to wear round 
their necks. 

Girls and boys must learn to read and spell. 

Men load hay with a pitchfork. 

A load of oak wood is worth more than a load 
of pine wood. 

A toad will jump like a frog. 

A saw mill will saw logs into boards. 

A gourd grows on a vine, like a squash. 

You can not teach a deaf and dumb boy to speak. 

The man who drinks rum may soon want a loaf 
of bread. 











SPELLING BOOK. 41 

MOVE, 60N, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, PULL ; EJI8T ; € = K ; 4 =J ; 8 = Z ; CH=SH. 

The waves of the sea beat upon the beach. 
Bleachers bleach linen and thus make it white. 
The miller grinds corn into meal. 

The flesh of calves is called veal. 

Apples are more plentiful than peaches. 

The preacher is to preach the gospel. 

Teachers teach their pupils, and pupils learn. 

A roach is a short, thick, flat fish. 

Men get their growth before they are thirty. 
The beak of a bird is its bill, or the end of its bill 
Greenland is a bleak, cold place.- 


No. 54.—LIV. 

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST, AND 
LEFT UNMARKED AS AN EXERCISE IN NOTATION. 


bot' a ny 

fel 7 o ny 

soi y cer y 

el e gy 

col o ny 

im age ry 

prod i gy 

har mo ny 

witch er y 

effigy 

cot ton y 

butch er y 

eb o ny 

glut ton y 

fish er y 

en er gy 

can o py 

quack er y 

lit ur gy 

oc cu py 

crock er y 

in fa my 

quan ti ty 

mock er y 

big a my 

sal a ry 

cook er y 

bias phe my 

reg is try 

cut ler y 

en e my 

beg gar y 

gal ler y 

am i ty 

bur gla ry 

rar i ty 

vil lain y 

gran a ry 

em er y 

com pa ny 

gloss a ry 

nun ner y 

lit a ny 

lac ta ry 

frip per y 

lar ce ny 

her aid ry 

fop per y 

des ti ny 

hus band ry 

or re ry 

cal um ny 

rob ber y 

ar ter y 

tyr an ny 

chan ce ry 

mas ter y | 












42 THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, LAST, €AKE, FALL, 

what; her, prey, there; 

get; bird, marine; link; 

my s' ter y 

liv' er y 

fac' to ry 

bat ter y 

cav al ry 

vie to ry 

flat ter y 

rev el ry 

his to ry 

lot ter y 

bot tom ry 

black ber ry 

but ter y 

pil lo ry 

bar ber ry 

ev er y 

mem o ry 

sym me try 

rev er y 

arm o ry 

rib aid ry 


Botany is the science of plants. 

An elegy is a funeral song. 

A prodigy is something very wonderful. 

An effigy is an image or likeness of a person. 
Blasphemy is contemptuous treatment of God. 
Litany is a solemn service of prayer to God. 
Larceny is theft, and liable to be punished. 
Felony is a crime that may be punished with 
death. 

Salary is a stated allowance for services. 
Husbandry is the tillage of the earth. 

We are delighted with the harmony of sounds. 
A glossary is used to explain obscure words. 
History is an account of past events. A great 
part of history is an account of men’s crimes 
and wickedness. 




No. 55. 

—LV. 



blade 

chide 

globe 

spa^e 

trl9e 

brake 

shade 

glide 

probe 

bra9e 

twi9e 

drake 

glade 

slide 

glebe 

grage 

stage 

slake 

spade 

bride 

gibe 

tra9e 

shake 

quake 

grade 

pride 

bribe 

sll9e 

flake 

strike 

trade 

stride 

scribe 

mi9e 

stake 

spike 

braid 

-crude 

• • 

tribe 

spice 

snake 

choke 

jade 

prude 

place 

pri9e 

spake 

poke 











SPELLING 

BOOK. 

4 

MOVE, BON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, < 

OB ; BTJLE, PULL 

; ejist; €=k; 6=j; 

B=z; ch=8i 

x y 

broke 

smile 

shame 

slime 

spume 

spoke 

stile 

blame 

prime 

chine 

smoke 

spile 

clime 

crime 

swine 

stroke 

frame 

chime 

plume 

twine 


A blade of grass is a single stalk. The leaves 
of corn are also called blades. 

The shade of the earth makes the darkness of I 
night. 

A glade is an opening among trees. 

A grade is a degree in rank. An officer may 
enjoy the grade of a captain or lieutenant. 
Trade is the purchase and sale, or the exchange 
of goods. 

Smoke rises, because it is lighter than the air. 

A globe is a round body, like a ball. 

A bribe is given to corrupt the judgment. 

A smile shows that we are pleased. 

We have heard the chime of church bells. 



No. 56.- 

-LVI. 


WORDS OF 

TWO SYLLABLES 

ACCENTED ON 

THE FIRST. 

ban' ter 

mat' ter 

lie' tor 

tan' ner 

can ter 

tat ter 

vie tor 

in ner 

9 en ter 

let ter 

doc tor 

din ner 

en ter 

fet ter 

tin der 

tin ner 

win ter 

el der 

ped dler 

sin ner 

fes ter 

nev er 

til ler 

cor ner 

pes ter 

ev er 

sut ler 

ham per 

tes ter 

sev er 

ham mer 

pam per 

sis ter 

liv er 

ram mer 

tarn per 

f5s ter 

riv er 

sum mer 

tern per 

bat ter 

man or 

lim ner 

ten ter 

hat ter 

ten or 

ban ner 

sim per 












44 the elementary 


BAII, LAST, €AP.K, 

F S VLL, wh^t; her, 

PREY, THERE ; GET ; BIRD, 

marine; link: 

clap' per 

tun' nel 

hov' el 

an' vil 

pep per 

fun nel 

nov el 

bez el 

dip per 

ker nel 

mar vel 

cor al 

cop per 

gos pel 

pen 9H 

bar ter 

hop per 

bar rel 

man ful 

car ter 

up per 

sor rel 

sin ful 
• 

mas ter 

sup per 

dor sal 

aw ful 
•• • 

cas tor 

ves per 

mor sel 

per il 

pas tor 

reb el 

ves sel 

ton sil 

par lor 

can 9 el 

tin sel 

dos sil 

gar ner 

cam el 

grav el 

fos sil 

far del 

pan nel 

bev el 

len til 

art ful 
• 

ken nel 

lev el 

cav il 

dar nel 

fen nel 

rev el 

91V il 

harp er 


We have snow and ice in the cold winter. 

The little sister can knit a pair of garters. 
Never pester the little boys. 

Hatters make hats of fur and lambs’ wool. 
Peaches may be better than apples. 

The rivers run into the great sea. 

The doctor tries to cure the sick. 

The new table stands in the parlor. 

A tin peddler will sell tin vessels as he travels. 
The little boys can crack nuts with a hammer. 
The farmer eats his dinner at noon. 

I can dip the milk with a tin dipper. 

We eat bread and milk for supper. 

The farmer puts his cider into barrels. 

Vessels sail on the large rivers. 

My good little sister may have a slate and pen¬ 
cil ; and she may make letters on her. slate. 
That idle boy is a very lazy fellow. 

The farmer puts his bridle and saddle upon his 
horse. 














SPELLING BOOK. 45 

move, s6n, wqlf, foot, moon, ob ; kule, PULL; ejist ; €=k ; g=j ; s=z ; cn=su. 

Paper is made of linen and cotton rags. 
Spiders spin webs to catch flies. 


No. 57.—L VII. 


mourn 

grown 

hea^ 

JL 

fear 

spear 

oar 

borne 

vain 

cheap 

year 

rear 

hoar 

shorn 

wain 

leap 

hear 

drear 

roar 

own 

swain 

neap 

shear 

sear 

soar 

shown 

twain 

reap 

blear 

tear 

boar 

blown 

train 

soap 

clear 

wear 

pier 

flown 

stain 

ear 

smear 

swear 

tier 

sown 

lane 

dear 

near 

tear 

bier 



No. 58.— 

L VIII. 



&ir 

your 

stilts 

peat 

moat 

wait 

fair 

tour 

•• 

chintz 

treat 

groat 

bruit 
• • 

hair 

eaves 

eat 

seat 

eight 

fruit 
• • 

chair 

leaves 

beat 

great 

freight 

suit 

lair 

greaveg 

feat 

oat 

weight milt 

pair 

pains 

heat 

bloat 

bait 

bwilt 

stair 

shears 

bleat 

coat 

gait 

gwilt 

Aeir 

gwess 

meat 

goat 

plait 

court 

four 

gitest 

neat 

float 

trait 

saint 



No. 59.- 

-LIX. 



east 

waist 

elew 

spew 

yew 

mow 

beast 

dew 

flew 

crew* 

bow 

row 

least 

few 

brew * 

screw * 

show 

snow 

feast 

hew 

slew 

drew* 

low 

crow 

yeast 

chew * 

mew 

grew* 

blow 

grow 

boast 

Jew 

new 

shrew * 

flow 

strow 

roast 

view 

views 

strew * 

glow 

sow 

toast 

blew 

pew 

stew 

slow 

stow 


* ew, in the starred words, is pronounced like oo; in the other 
words, like it. 







45 THE ELEMENTARY 

bar, lXst, €AEE, fall, wh^t; her, fret, there; get; bird, marine; ll£k; 

We do not like to see our own sins. 

I like to see a full blown rose. 

A vain girl is fond of fine things. 

The moon is in the wane from full to new moon. 
A dog can leap over a fence. 

Much grain will make bread cheap. 

I like to see men reap grain. 

God made the ear, and He can hear. 

Men shear the wool from sheep. 

Flint glass is white and clear. 

Fowls like to live near the house and barn. 

Can a boy cry and not shed a tear ? 

Twelve months make one year. 

I love to eat a good ripe pear. 

The good boy will not tear his book. 

A wild boar lives in the woods. 

The lark will soar up in the sky to look at the 
sun. 

The rain runs from the eaves of the house. 

The sun heats the air, and makes it hot. 

I The old sheep bleats, and calls her lamb to her. 
I wish you to treat me with a new hat. 

A chair is a better seat than a stool. 

I will wear my greatcoat in a cold wet day. 

I have seen the ice float down the stream. 

Boys and girls are fond of fruit. 

The sun will rise in the east, and set in the west. 
A beast can not talk and think, as we do. 

We roast a piece of beef or a goose. 

A girl can toast a piece of bread. 

We chew our meat with our teeth. 

Live coals of fire glow with heat. 

A moat is a deep trench round a castle or other 
[ fortified place. 














SPELLING BOOK. 


MOVE, 60N, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; BULE, PULL J EXIST; € = KJ G=J ; S = Z ; CU = SK. 


daunt 

taunt 

slant 

bar£e 

haunt 

vaunt 

large 

sa/ve 

flaunt 

grant 

charge 

scarf 



No. 60.—L X. 


fraud 

•• 

squash 

awl 
• * 

yawl 

yawn 

broad 

•• 

wash 

bawl 

dawn 

dwarf 

sauge 

swash 

sprawl 

fawn 

watch 

• 

cauge 

quash 

brawl 

lawn 

vault 

•• 

gauze 

gawk 

crawl 

pawn 

fault 

clause 

hawk 

drawl 

spawn 

aught 

pauge 

haul 

trawl 

brawn 

naught 

paunch 

maul 

waul 

drawn 

caught 


No. 61.—LXI 


brine 

scrape 

scope 

shave 

drive 

tine 

drape 

trope 

slave 

drove 

shone 

shape 

snore 

plate 

strove 

crone 

crape 

slate 

prate 

grove 

drone 

grape 

state 

quite 

clove 

prone 

snipe 

grate 

smite 

gloze 

stone 

gripe 

grave 

spite 

froze 

prune 

stripe 

brave 

sprite 

prize 

drupe 

tripe 

crave 

trite 

smote 


Forks have two, three, or four tines. 

We keep salt meat in brine. 

Grapes grow on vines, in clusters. 

Smoke goes through the pipe of a stove. 

The boy loves ripe grapes. 

Bedcords are long ropes. 

Nut wood and coal will make a warm fire. 

Shut the gate and keep the hogs out of the yard. 
Slates are stone, and used to cover roofs of houses. 














48 the elementary 

bab, lAst, gare, fall, what; her, pest, tii&re; get; bird, marine; link; 

We burn coal in a grate. 

I had some green corn in July, on a plate. 
Dig up the weeds and let the corn grow. 
Bees live in hives and collect honey. 

He was dull, and made trite remarks. 


No. 62.—LXII. 

"WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


am'i ty 

ob'lo quy 

dy'nas ty 

jol li ty 

sin ew y 

gay e ty 

nul li ty 

gal ax y 

loy al ty 

en mi ty 

ped ant ry 

roy al ty 

san i ty 

in fant ry 

u §u ry (u'zhoo-) 

van i ty 

gal lant ry 

ra pi er 

bal eo ny 

big ot ry 

n au ti lus 
• • 

len i ty 

an ges try 

pau gi ty 

dig ni ty 

tap es try 

moi e ty 

dep u ty 

min is try 

prel a gy 

trin i ty 

in dus try 

al i quot 

par i ty 

gent u ry 

man i fest 

com i ty 

mer cu ry 

up per most 

ver i ty 

In ju ry 

ut ter most 

den si ty 

per j u ry 

con tra ry 

en ti ty 

pen u ry 

gel e ry 

cav i ty 

lux u ry 

pie na ry 

lev i ty 

her e sy 

sa li ent 

lax i ty 

em bas sy 

le ni ent 

pen al ty 

de i ty 

ve he ment 

nov el ty 

fe al ty 

bri er y 

fac ul ty 

pi e ty 

boun te ous 

mod est y 

po e sy 

moun tain ous 

prob i ty 

cru el ty 

coun ter felt 1 

am nes ty 

pu ri ty 

fraud u lent 

I bot a ny 

nu di ty 

wa ter y 












SPELLING BOOK. 


49 

MOT«, flfof, wgtr, root, moo n, 6r ; rttle, pplL ; Ejist ; e=K ; 4=j; s=z ; cu=su. 

No. 63.—IXIII. 


SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


WORDS OF THREE 

a base' ment 
al lure ment 
de base ment 
in glte ment 
ex gite ment 
en slave ment 
a maze ment 
in qui ry 
un ea §y 
eon vey ange 
pur vey or 
sur vey or 
sur vey ing 


dis bitrse' ment 

in dorse ment 

arch bish op 

ad vent ure 

dis fran chi§e 

en fran chi§e 

mis e5n strue 

#• 

de po§ it 
re po§ it 
at trib ute 
im mod est 
un luck y 
ap pen dix 


au turn' nal 
how ev er 
em bar rass 
in stall ment 
in thrall ment 
hy draul ies 
enjoy ment 
em ploy ment 
a mass ment 
em bar go 
im prove ment 
at tor ney 
an noy ange 


No 64.—L XIV. 

TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON 


WORDS OF 

blan' dish 
bran dish 
fur bish 
rub bish 
selfish 
chftrl ish 
fur nish 


blem' ish 
skir mish 
van ish 
fin ish 
gar nish 
tar nish 
var nish 


bur' nish 
pun ish 
clown ish 
‘snap pish 
par ish 
cher ish 
flour ish 


THE FIRST. 

nour' ish 
skit tish 
slut tish 
lav ish 
rav ish 
pub lish 
pot ash 


Vain persons are fond of the allurements of dress. 

Strong drink leads to the debasement both of the mind and 
the body. 

We look with amazement on the evils of strong drink. 

The gambler wishes to get money without earning it. 

An indorser indorses his name on the back of a note; and his 
indorsement makes him liable to pay the note. 

An archbishop is a chief dignitary of the church. 

Merchants often deposit money in the bank for safe keeping. 








50 the elementary 

BAB, LAST, CARE, EALL, WH4.T; HER, PREY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK; 


Autumnal fruits are the fruits that ripen in autumn. 

The wicked know not the enjoyment of a good conscience. 
Parents should provide useful employment for their children. 
Men devoted to mere amusement misemploy their time. 

No. 65.—LXV. 

THE UNMARKED VOWELS (EXCEPT C FINAL) IN THIS LESSON 


HAVE A SOUND APPROACHING THAT OF SHORT 11 . 


horse' back 

hem' lock 

jour' nal 

lamp black 

fet lock 

ras eal 

bar rack 

mat tock 

spi nal 

ran sack 

hood wink 

eon trite 

ham mock 

bul wark 

trib ute 

had dock 

pitch fork 

stat ute 

pad lock 

dam ask 

eon eave 

wed lock 

sym bol 

eon elave 

fire lock 

ver bal 

oe tave 

hill ock 

med al 

res eue 

bull ock 
• 

ver nal 

No. 66.—LXVI. 

val ue 

a in ale, unmarked, does not have the 

long a. 

FULL sound of 

sen' ate 

stag' nate ell' mate 

fi' nite 

in grate 

fil trate prel ate 

post age 

pal ate 

pros trate vl brate 

plu mage 

stel late 

frus trate pi rate 

trl umph 

in mate 

die tate eu rate 

state ment 

mess mate 

tes tate prl vate 

rai ment 


When an old house is pulled down, it is no small job to re¬ 
move the rubbish. 


Washington was not a selfish man. He labored for the good 
of his country more than for himself. 

Exercise will give us a relish for our food. 

In China, thousands sometimes famish w T ith hunger. 

Riding on horseback is good exercise. 






SPELLING BOOK. 51 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, PULL ; EJIBT ; € = K ; & = J ; 8 — Z ; OH = BS. 

Lampblack is a fine soot formed from the smoke of tar, pitch, 
or pine wood. 

The Indians traffic with our people, and give furs for blankets. 
Granite is a kind of stone which is very strong, handsome, and 
useful in building. 

The Senate of the United States is called the Upper House of 
Congress. 

Water will stagnate, and then it is not good. 

Heavy winds sometimes prostrate trees. 

Norway has a cold climate. 

Medals are sometimes given as a reward at school. 

We punish bad men to prevent crimes. 

We pity the slavish drinkers of rum. 

The drunkard’s face will publish his vice and his disgrace. 


No. 67.—LXVII. 

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, THE PRIMARY ACCENT ON THE 
FIRST; THE LAST COLUMN LEFT UNMARKED. 


lu' mi na ry 
5 eu li na ry 
mo ment a ry 
nu ga to ry 
nu mer a ry 
bre vi a ry 
ef fi ea 9y 
del i ea 9y 
in tri ea gy 
eon tu ma 9y 
ob sti na 9y 
ae eu ra qy 
ex i gen 9y 
ex 9el len gy 
eom pe ten 9y 
im po ten 9y 
mis 9el la ny 
ne9 es sa ry 


ig' no min y 
ger e mo ny 
al i mo ny 
mat ri mo ny 
pat ri mo ny 
par si mo ny 
an ti mo ny 
tes ti mo ny 
drom e da ry 
preb end a ry 
see ond a ry 

e£ em P la r y 

an ti qua ry 
tit u la ry 
eus tom a ry 
kon or a ry 
par ge na ry 
med ul la ry 


mer' ce na ry 
mil li ner y 
or di na ry 
sem i na ry 
pul mo na ry 
sub lu na ry 
lit er a ry 
form u la ry 
ar bi tra ry 
ad ver sa ry 
em is sa ry 
com mis sa ry 
cem e ter y 
see re ta ry 
mil i ta ry 
sol i ta ry 
sed en ta ry 
vol un ta ry 













52 the elementary 

BAB, LIST, €ARE, FALL, WU^T; HER, PKgY, THEBE; GET? BIRD, MARINEJ LINK; 


trib' u ta ry 
sal u ta ry 
an 9U la ry 
cap il la ry 
ax il la ry 
cor ol la ry 
max il la ry 
ad ver sa ry 
al a bas ter 
plan et a ry 
stat n a ry 
sanct u a ry 
sumpt u a ry 


dys' en ter y 
pres by ter y 
prom is so ry 
pred a to ry 
pref a to ry 
pul sa to ry 
min a to ry 
aud it o ry 
ex ere to ry 
jan i za ry 
mon as ter y 
al le go ry 
des ul to ry 


man' da to ry 
pur ga to ry 
dil a to ry 
or a to ry 
dor mi to ry 
mon i to ry 
ter ri to ry 
tran si to ry 
in ven to ry 
con tro ver sy 
leg is la tive 
leg is lat ure 
leg is la tor 


The sun is the brightest luminary. 

The moon is the luminary of the night. 

The streets, houses, and shops in New York are illuminated 
by gas lights. 

Potatoes and turnips are common culinary roots used in our 
kitchens. 

We admire the rose for the delicacy of its colors and its sweet 
fragrance. 

There is a near intimacy between drunkenness, poverty, and 
ruin. 

The obstinate will should be subdued. 

Wedlock is the old Anglo-Saxon term for matrimony. 

Antimony is a hard mineral, and is used in making types for 
printing. 

A witness must give true testimony. 

A dromedary is a large quadruped. 

Worldly men make it their primary object to please them¬ 
selves ; duty holds but a secondary place in their esteem. 

It is customary for tipplers to visit taverns. 

Grammar is a difficult but ordinary study. 

A seminary means a place of instruction. 

Napoleon was an arbitrary emperor. He disposed of king¬ 
doms as he chose. 

The devil is the great adversary of man. 






SPELLING BOOK. 53 

MOTE, 66n, WQLE, FOOT, MOON, OR ; B^LE, PULL; EJIST ; € = K ; 6=J ; 8 = Z ; <JH = 8H. 

Food is necessary to animal life. * 

Alabaster is a kind of marble or limestone. 

An emissary is a secret agent employed to give information to 
an enemy, or to act as a spy. 

The planetary worlds are those stars which go round the 
sun. 

A secretary is a writer, or a scribe. 

Our actions are voluntary, proceeding from free will. 

The Ohio River has many large tributary streams which con¬ 
tribute to increase its waters. 

Pure water and good air are salutary. 

A church is called a sanctuary or holy place. 

The dysentery is a painful disease. 

A promissory note is a note by which a man promises to pay 
a sum of money. 

The remarks at the beginning of a discourse are called prefa¬ 
tory remarks. 

Dilatory people are such as delay doing their work. 

An orator makes orations; and oratory is the art of public 
speaking. 

The auditory is the company who attend as hearers of a dis¬ 
course. 

They could not agree and had a bitter controversy. 

No. 68.—LXVIII. 


WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


im mor' tal 

in fer'nal 

re plev'in 

pa rent al 

ma ter nal 

a ban don 

ae quit tal 

pa ter nal 

pi as ter 

en am el 

e ter nal 

pi las ter 

im pan el 

in ter nal 

as sev er 

ap par el 

dl ur nal 

dis sev er 

u ten sil 

noe tur nal 

de llv er 

un 91V il 

pro eon sul 

e lix ir 

trf umph al 

un $er tain 

pre 9ep tor 

in form al 

in elem ent 

eom po§ ite 

bap ti§ mal 

de ter mine 

en am or 

hi ber nal 

as sas sin 

to bae eo 









54 THE ELEMENTARY 

bab, lAst, €are, ball, wn^Tj hbb, pest, there; set; bird, marine; lirk; 


si roc' co 

sur ren' der 

a pos' tate 

me men to 

dig or der 

pro mhl gate 

pi men to 

nar 91s sns 

in car nate 

mn lat to 

co los sns 

vol ea no 

pal met to 

im per feet 

Oc to ber 

en vel op 

in ter pret 

in clo §ure 

de vel op 

in hab it 

dis clo §ure 

De 9em ber 

co hab it 

com po §ure 

Sep tern ber 

pro hib it 

ex po sure 

No vem ber 

dis cred it 

fore clo sure 

en cum ber 

de crep it 

dis eov er 

con sid er 

in her it 

dis col or 

be wil der 

de mer it 

re cov er 

mis fort une 

pome gran ate 

dis com fit 

me an der 

e? am pie 

dis as ter 

en gen der 

in tes tate 

re pass ing 


The soul is immortal; it will never die. 

Our bodies are mortal; they will soon die. 

Utensils are tools to work wfith. Plows, axes, and hoes are 
utensils for farming; needles and scissors are utensils for 
making garments. 

A formal meeting is one where the forms of ceremony are 
observed; when people meet without attending to these 
formalities it is called an informal meeting. 

Children are sometimes bewildered and lost in the w T oods. 

Sons and daughters inherit the estate and sometimes the in¬ 
firmities of their parents. 

The diurnal motion of the earth is its daily motion, and this 
gives us day and night. 

Tobacco is a native plant of America. 

Pimento is the plant whose berries we call allspice. 

Savage nations inhabit huts and wigwams. 

Paternal care and maternal love are great blessings to chil¬ 
dren, and should be repaid with their duty and affection. 

The blowing up of the steamship was a terrible disaster 
to us. 

Pomegranate is a fruit of about the size of an orange. 









SPELLING BOOK. 

55 

MOVE, SON, 

WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; RtfLE, POLL ; EJI8T J € = K ; 4 = J ; 

g=z; <^11—8H. 

bay 

No. 69.—LXIX. 

jay slay dray tray 

sway 

day 

lay may fray stray 

splay 

fay 

elay nay gray say 

prey 

gay 

flay pay pray stay 

dey 

hay 

play ray spray way 

bey 

boy 

No. 70.—L X X. 

joy toy haw elaw raw 

saw 

•• 

eoy 

eloy eaw jaw flaw eraw law 

hoy 

troy daw draw maw straw paw 

No. 71.—LXXI. 

swamp smalt swart port live 

glove 

wasp 

spalt quart most eome 

work * 

wa§ 

salt pork doll some 

worst * 

halt 

want fort loll dove 

shove 

malt 

wart sport give love 

monk 

bow 

No. 72.—LXXII. 

mow sow worm * dirt 

squirt 

€OW 

now vow front flirt 

first 

how 

brow key wont shirt 

ward 

•• 

plow 

plow ley wort * skirt 

warm 

The farmer cuts his grass to make hay. 

Bricks are made of clay baked in a kiln. 

You may play on a mow of hay. 

A dray is a kind of low cart. 

When we eat we move the under jaw; but the upper jaw of 

most animals is fixed. 

Little boys are fond of toys. 

The sting of a wasp is very painful. 

A swamp is wet, spongy land. 

A monk lives in retirement from the world. 

* o like tl (wurk, wftrtt, wurm, wurt). 













56 the elementary 

BAB, lAst, gaee, fall, wu-yr; nEK, prey, there; get; bTbd, marine; li^k; 

Smalt is a blue glass of cobalt. 

Malt is barley steeped in water, fermented and dried in a kiln; 
of tbis are made ale and beer. 


No. 73.—LXXIII. 


WORDS OF 

TWO SYLLABLES, 

ACCENTED ON 

THE FIRST. 

lad' der 

shel' ter 

chart' er 

char 7 nel 

blad der 

fil ter 

lob ster 

bar ren 

mad der 

mil ler 

lit ter 

flor in 

fod der 

chap ter 

mon ster 

rob in 

ul 9er 

suf fer 

glis ter 

cof fin 

can 9er 

pil fer 

chat ter 

muf fin 

ud der 

badg er 

shat ter 

bod kin 

shud der 

ledg er 

clut ter 

wel kin 

rud der 

bank er 

flut ter 

nap kin 

pud der 

cank er 

plat ter 

pip kin 

gan der 

hank er 

smat ter 

bus kin 

pan der 

turn bier 

spat ter 

gob lin 

gen der 

sad dler 

shiv er 

mu§ lin 

slen der 

ant ler 

sliv er 

lu 9id 

ren der 

sldm mer 

quiv er 

bar on 

ten der 

glim mer 

cul ver 

flag on 

9m der 

prop er 

tor por 

wag on 

hin der 

clap per 

er ror 

fel on 

pon der 

skip per 

ter ror 

gal Ion 

un der 

slip per 

mir ror 

lem on 

blun der 

crop per 

hor ror 

gam mon 

plun der 

as per 

9en sor 

mam mon 

thun der 

pros per 

spon sor 

com mon 

sun der 

less er 

sec tor 

can non 

or der 

dress er 

sach el 

Qlt ron 

bor der 

aft er 

flan nel 

ten on 

mllr der 

raft er 

chap el 

can ton 

dif fer 

rant er 

grav el 

pis ton 











SPELLING BOOK. 57 

MOVE, 60N, W9LF, FOOT, MOON, 6e ; RTTLE, P^LL ? EJX8T J € = K *, 6=J } 8=sZ ; £H=SH. 


of fer 
oof fer 
seof fer 
prof fer 


proo' tor 
chan nel 
cud gel 
hatch el 


trav' el 
pom mel 
bush el 
chan 9©1 


sex' ton 
kxm bo 
stue co 
dit to 


The farmer hatchels flax; he sells com by the bushel, and 
butter by the firkin. 

Little boys and girls love to ride in a wagon. 

Four quarts make a gallon. A barrel is thirty gallons, more 
or less. 

Lemons grow on trees in warm climates. 

The robin is a pretty singing-bird. 

A napkin is a kind of towel. 

Brass is a compound of copper and zinc. 

The channel of a river is where the main current flows. 
Firemen have ladders to climb upon houses. 

The farmer fodders his cattle in winter. 

The sailor steers a vessel with a rudder. 

A gander is white and a goose gray. 

Broom corn grows with a long slender stalk. 

The eye is a very tender organ, and one of the most useful 
members of the body. 


No. 74.—L XXIV. 

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


bra9e' let 

drf ver 

dl et 

ma jor 

qui et 

mi nor 

se cret 

stu por 

po et 

ju ror 

to phet 

pre tor 

eye let 

tu tor 

tu mult 

prl or 

bol ster 

ra zor 

hoi ster 

tre mor 

gra ver 

hu mor 

qua ver 

ru mor 
• • 


tu' mor 

erf sis 

la bor 

gra ter 

ta bor 

fo cus 

6 dor 

mu cus 

co Ion 

bo lus 

de mon 

fla grant 

1 ron {i'urn) 

va grant 

a pron 

ty rant 

dew lap 

de 9ent 

cru et 
• • 

re cent 

ba sis 

no cent 

u'nit 

lu cent 






58 the elementary 

BXk, LAST, €iBB, FALL, WH^T, 1 HER, PREY, Th£bK; SET; BIB1), MARINE; LIJiK J 


trf dent 

va/ eant 

need' y 

ha/ zy 

pru dent 

flu ent 

ero ny 

la zy 

stu dent 

fre quent 

pii ny 

do zy 

a gent 

se quent 

va ry 

slea zy 

re gent 

rl ot 

du ty 

jas per 

eo gent 

pi lot 

na vy 

bar gain 

si lent 

bare foot 

gra vy 

eap tain 

ease ment 

pre cept 

safe ty 

9er tain 

pave ment post senpt 

sure ty 

mur rain 

move ment o vert 
•• 

gl'o ry 

vil lain 

mo ment 

ru by 

sto ry 

vi §or 

cl pher 

spl cy 

era zy 

slau der 


Ladies sometimes wear bracelets on their arms. 

Watts was a very good poet; lie wrote good songs. 

Rabbits hide themselves in secret places. 

A bolster is put at the head of a bed. 

Men in old age love a quiet life. 

A graver is a tool for engraving. 

A holster is a case for carrying a pistol. 

The driver is one who drives a team. 

A minor is a young person not twenty-one years old. 

Miners work in mines under ground. 

A juror is one who sits to try causes and give a verdict ac¬ 
cording to the evidence. 

The rose emits a pleasant flavor. 

Labor makes us strong and healthy. 

A colon is one of the stops in reading. 

A pastor does not like to see vacant seats in his church. 

Girls wear aprons to keep their frocks clean. 

Nero was a wicked tyrant at Rome. 

Every person should wear a decent dress. 

A major is an oflicer next above a captain. 

A vagrant is a wandering, lazy fellow. 

Cedar is the most durable species of wood. 

A postscript is something added to a letter. 

The streets of cities are covered with pavements. 








SPELLING BOOK 

59 

1 MOV SON, WOLF, FOCI 

% MOON, OB ; B£LE, PULL ; E JI 8 T ; 

e=K; 6 =j ; g=z; 511 = 811 . 


No. 75 .—LXXV. 


WORDS OP THREE T YLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 

ar ri' val 

die ta/ tor 

dis fig' ure 

ap prov al 

tes ta tor 

trans fig ure 

€0 e val 

en vi ron 

eon jeet ure 

re fu gal 

pa go da 

de bent ure 

re pri gal 

tor pe do 

in dent ure 

pe ru gal 

bra va do 

en rapt ure 

de ere tal 

tor na do 

eon text ure 

re 91 tal 

lum ba go 

eom mixt ure 

I re qui tal 

vi ra go 

eon tin fie 

pri me val 

far ra go 

for bid ding 

un e qual 

pro vi go 

un er ring 

eo e qual 

po ta to 

pro 9eed ing 

: re new al 

oe ta vo 

ex 9eed ing 

1 de al 

sub serl ber 

sub al tern 

1 il le gal 

re vi val 

es pou gal 

de m al 

en dan ger 

en eoun ter 

de eri al 

de 91 pher 

ren eoun ter 

tri bu nal 

ma neu ver 

a vow al 

a eu men 

hi a tus 

ad vow gon 

le gu men 

qui e tus 

dis loy al 

dis sei zin 

eon fess or 

dis eour age 

in 91 gor 

ag gress or 

en eour age 

j ere a tor 

sue gess or 

mo las seg 

spee ta tor 

pre fig ure 

de part ure 

We often wait for the arrival of the mail. 


Coeval signifies of the same age. 


Reprisal is seizing 

anything from an enemy in retaliation. 

An incisor is a fore tooth. 


Our blood is often chilled at the recital of acts of cruelty. 

Requital is a recompense for some act. 


Primeval denotes what was first or original. 













60 


THE ELEMENTARY 


bar, lAst, garf,, fall, what; her, prey, TiiERE; get; bird, marine; link; 


A tribunal is a court for deciding causes. 

Acumen denotes quickness of perception. 

Illegal is the same as unlawful. It is illegal to steal fruit from 
another’s orchard or garden. 

A virago is a turbulent, masculine woman. 

Molasses is the syrup which drains from sugar when it is 
cooling. 

The potato is a native plant of America. 

No. 76.—LXXVI. 

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE LAST. 


ap per tain' 
su per vene 
in ter vene 
im por tune 
op por tune 
in se cure 
in ter fere 
pre ma ture 
im ma ture 
ad ver tlge 
re eom poge 
de eom poge 
in ter poge 
pre dis poge 
re in state 
im po lite 
re u nite 
dis u nite 
dis re pute 
in ter leave 
in ter weave 
mis be have 
un de geive 


pre eon geive 

o ver drive 

dis ap prove 

o ver reach 

o ver look 

dis in thrall 
•• 

re in stall 
dis es teem 
mis de mean 
un fore seen 
fore or dain 
o ver strain 
as ger tain 
en ter tain 
re ap pear 
dis in ter 
in ter sperse 
re im burse 
glr eum volve 
o ver hang 
o ver match 
dis em bark 
un der sell 


dis af feet' 
o ver whelm 
mis in form 
eoun ter act 
in di reet 
in cor reet 
in ter sect 
eon tra diet 
o ver set 
in ter mit 
rep re gent 
dis eon tent 
glr eum vent 
un der went 
o ver shoot 
in ter gept 
in ter rupt 
o ver top 
re ap point 
un der go 
o ver leap 
o ver sleep 
dis ap pear 













SPELLING BOOK. 61 


MOVE, 80N, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, 

OB J BTJLE, PULL ; EJI8T ; 

€=k ; 6=j; fl=z; £bs=bh. 

moun tain eei 7 

fin an (per' 

o ver east' 

en gin eer 

brig a dier 

re in vest 

dom i neer 

gren a dier 

eo e?; 1st 

mu ti neer 

bom bar dier 

pre e:g ist 

pi o neer 

deb o nair 

in ter mix 

aue tion eer 

re§ er voir 

o ver throw 

o ver seer 

o ver joy 

o ver flow 

prl va teer 

mis em ploy 

o ver lay 

vol un teer 

es pla nade 

dis o bey 

gaz et teer 

in ex pert 

dis al low 


No. 77.—LXXVII. 

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


at' las 

eop'y 

hur' ry 

flab' by 

sue eor 

hap py 

flur ry 

shab by 

^on or 

pop py 

har py 

tab by 

ran eor 

pup py 

en try 

16b by 

ean dor 

sun dry 

sen try 

grit ty 

splen dor 

bel fry 

dusk y 

put ty 

rig or 

felly 

pal try 

levy 

vig or 

ear ry 

ves try 

bev y 

val or 

mar ry 

P rt y 

privy 

fer vor 

par ry 

sean ty 

en vy 

seulp tor 

ber ry 

plen ty 

dox y 

elam or 

fer ry 

tes ty 

prox y 

ten nis 

cher ry 

bet ty 

eol or 

elas sic 

mer ry 

petty 

wor ry 

ax is 

per ry 

jet ty 

par ty 

fan 9y 

sor ry 

dit ty 

ar bor 

pen ny 

eur ry 

wit ty 

har bor 


An atlas is a book of maps. 

You must be good, or you can not be happy. 
When you make letters, look at your copy. 
The poppy is a large flower. 

The puppy barks, as well as the dog. 











62 the elementary 

bXr, lAst, care, what: her, trey, there; get; bird, marine; link; 

The place where the bell hangs in the steeple is called the 
belfry. 

Horses carry men on their backs. 

We cross the ferry in a boat. 

The cherry is an acid fruit. 

We are sorry when a good man dies. 

Never do your work in a hurry. 

Boys like a warm fire in a wintery day. 

The farmer likes to have plenty of hay for his cattle, and 
oats for his horses. 

The lily is a very pretty flower. 

Glass is made fast in the window with putty. 

No. 78.—LXXVIII. 


WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


ban' ish ment 

p6l' y glot 

ten' den 9y 

blan dish ment 

ber ga mot 

pun gen cy 

pun ish ment 

an te past 

elem en cy 

rav ish ment 

in ter est 

eur ren cy 

ped i ment 

pen te eost 

sol yen cy 

sed i ment 

hal i but 
• 

bank rupt cy 

al i ment 

fur be low 

sum ma ry 

eom pli ment 

bed fel low 

land la dy 

lin i ment 

9ie a trix 

rein e dy 

mer ri ment 

par a dox 

eom e dy 

det ri ment 

sar do nyx 

per fi dy 

sen ti ment 

Sat ur day 

mel 0 dy 

doe u ment 

h6l i day 

mon 0 dy 

teg u ment 

run a way 

par 0 dy 

mon u ment 

ear a way 

pros 0 dy 

in stru ment 

east a way 

eus to dy 

eon ti nent 

leg a qy 

eru gi fix 

eal a mint 

falla cy 

di a leet 

id i ot 

pol i cy 

6 ri ent 

gal i ot 

in fan cy 

a pri eot 

chari ot 

eon stan cy 

va ean 9y 











SPELLING BOOK. 53 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, 

MOON, OR ; RULE, PULL ; EJI8T ; 

e=K ; &=J ; s=z ; ch=sh. 

va/ gran 9y 

pri' va cy 

ob'lo quy 

lu na cy 

po ten cy 

di a ry 

de cen cy 

pll an cy 

rd §a ry 

pa pa cy 

flu en cy 

no ta ry 

re gen cy 

mu ti ny 

vo ta ry 

pi ra cy 

seru ti ny 

gro ger y 

co gen cy 

pe 0 ny 

dra per y 

se ere cy 

1 ron y 

I vo ry 


No. 79 .—LXXIX. 


WORDS OF FOUR 

SYLLABLES, ACCENTED 

ON THE SECOND. 

a e' ri al 

no ta/ ri al 

in te / ri or 

an nu i ty 

ma te ri al 

pos te ri or 

me mo ri al 

im pe ri al 

ex te ri or 

de mo ni ae 

ar te ri al 

pro pri e tor 

am mo ni ae 

ar mo ri al 

ex tra ne ous 

ad ju di eate 

mer eu ri al 

spon ta ne ous 

e lu 9i date 

em po ri um 

eu ta ne ous 

im me di ate 

sen so ri um 

er rd ne ous 

re pu di ate 

tra pe zi um 

ter ra que ous 

eol le gi ate 

erl te ri on 

tar ta re ous 

ex fo li ate 

9en tu ri on 

com md di ous 

in e bri ate, v. 

al lo di al 

fe lo ni ous 

ex eo ri ate 

al lo di um 

har mo ni ous 

ap pro pri ate 

en eo mi um 

gra tu i tous 

in fu ri ate 

tra ge di an 

for tu i tous | 

al le vi ate 

com e di an 

lu? u ri ant 


ab bre vi ate 
an m hi late 
ae eu mu late 
il lu mi nate 
e nu mer ate 
re mu ner ate 
in eor po rate 


eol le gi an 
9e ru le an 
bar ba ri an 
gram ma ri an 
in fe ri or 
su pe ri or 
an te ri or 


e lu so ry 
il lu so ry 
eol lu so ry 
so 91 e ty 
im pu ri ty 
se eu ri ty 
ob seu ri ty 


















64 the elementary 

BAB, LAST, €ARE, F s \LL, WH^T? HBR, PREY, THERE; GET J BIRD, MARINE; LINK J 

All clouds float in the aerial regions. 

The aerial songsters are birds of the air. 

Gravestones are placed by graves, as memorials of the dead. 
They call to our remembrance our friends who are buriec 
under them or near them. 

The blossoms of spring send forth an agreeable smell. 

There is an immediate communication between the heart and 
the brain. 

Men who have been instructed in colleges are said to have a 
collegiate education. 

Laudanum is given to alleviate pain. 

The sun illuminates our world. 

Our bodies are material, and will return to dust; but our souls 
are immaterial, and will not die. 

Arterial blood is that which flows from the heart through the 
arteries. 

An actor of a tragedy upon the stage is called a tragedian. 

A collegian is a student at college. 

God has made two great lights for our world—the sun and the 
moon; the sun is the superior light, and the moon is the 
inferior, or lesser light. 

The exterior part of a house, is the outside; the interior is 
that within. 



No. 80 .- 

L X X X. 


WORDS OF 

TWO SYLLABLES, 

, ACCENTED ON 

THE FIRST. 

mug' lin 

eor' ban 

eon' gress 

ab'jeet 

linch pin 

kltch en 

prog ress 

ob ject 

re§ in 

chick en 

for tress 

sub ject 

ro§ in 

mar tin 

mis tress 

ver diet 

mat in 

slov en 

but tress 

rel ict 

sat in 

grif fin 

rick ets 

dis trict 

spav in 

ur chin 

spir its 

in stinct 

sav in 

dol phin 

non plus 

pre ginct 

wel kin 

pip pin 

gram pus 

gib bet 

ten don 

har ness 

mys tie 

sher bet 

Lat in 

wit ness 

brick bat 

dul qet 

eor don 

in gress 

per feet 

lan cet 









SPELLI 

NG BOOK. 

65 

MOVE, BOX, WQLF, 

FOOT, MOOX, OR ; RULE, p^ll ; EXIST ; € = K ; 

g=j ; s=z ; cu=8il 

buff fet 

buck' et 

bfl' let 

cor' net 

fidg et 

blank et 

fil let 

hor net 

budg et 

mar ket 

skil let 

bur net 

rack et 

bas ket 

mil let 

trum pet 

latch et 

cas ket 

col let 

lap pet 

fresh et 

bris ket 

gul let 

tip pet 

jack et 

mus ket 

mul let 

car pet 

plack et 

val et 

cam let 

elar et 

brack et 

tab let 

ham let 

gar ret 

tick et 

trip let 

gim let 

fer ret 

crick et 

gob let 

in let 

tur ret 

wick et 

corse let 

b5n net 

off set 

dock et 

mal let 

s5n net 

on set 

pock et 

pal let 

run net 

cor set 

sock et 

wal let 
• 

gar ment 

bul let 
• 


The old Romans used to write in the Latin language. 

The linchpin secures the cart wheel to the axletree. 

Satin is a rich glossy silk. 

The falcon is a bird of the hawk kind. 

Ladies should know how to manage a kitchen. 

The little chickens follow the hen. 

The martin builds its nest near the house. 

A witness must tell all the truth in court. 

Our Congress meets once a year to make laws. 

The sloven seldom keeps his hands clean. 

The dolphin is a sea fish. 

A boy can harness a horse and hitch him to a wagon. 

We harness horses for the coach or gig. 

A good mistress will keep her house in order. 

The grampus is a large fish living in the sea. 

A relict is a woman whose husband is dead. 

Boys love to make a great racket. 

Brickbats are pieces of broken bricks. 

The doctor sometimes bleeds his patients with a lancet. 

When large hailstones fall on the house they make a great 
racket. 

The little bov likes to have a new jacket. 
























;g THE ELEMENTARY 

BAR, LAST, €ARE, FALL, HER, PRgT, THERE J GET; BIRD, MARINE; LIJJK ; 


No. 81.—LXXXI. 

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 
THE LAST COLUMN IS LEFT UNMARKED. 


re ven^e' ful 

in vent' ive 

in ac'tive 

for get ful 

per 9ep tive 

de feet ive 

e vent ful 

pre §ump tive 

ef feet ive 

neg leet ful 

eon sump tive 

ob ject ive 

dis gust ful 

de gep tive 

e leet ive 

dis trust ful 

as sert ive 

ad he sive 

sue 9ess ful 

a bor tive 

co he sive 

un skill ful 

di gest ive 

de ci sive 

eol leet ive 

ex pul sive 

cor ro sive 

pros peet ive 

eom pul sive 

a bu sive 

per speet ive 

im pul sive 

con clu sive 

eor reet ive 

re pul sive 

ex clu sive 

in vee tive 

de fen sive 

in clu sive 

vin die tive 

of fen sive 

e lu sive 

af diet ive 

sub ver sive 

de lu sive 

at tract ive 

dis cur sive 

al lu sive 

dis tlnet ive 

ex eur sive 

il lu sive 

sub june tive 

in eur sive 

col lu sive 

eon june tive 

sue 9ess ive 

ob tru sive 

in duet ive 

ex 9ess ive 

in tru sive 

pro duetive 

pro gress ive 

pro tru sive 

de strue tive 

op press ive 

e va sive 

eon struet ive 

ex press ive 

per sua sive 

in 9en tive 

im press ive 

as sua sive 

re ten tive 

sub mis sive 

dis sua sive 

at ten tive 

per mis sive 

un fad ing 

pre vent ive 

trans mis sive 

un feel ing 


We are apt to live forgetful of our continual dependence on 
the will of God. 

We should not trust our lives to unskillful doctors or drunken 
sailors. 

Washington was a successful general. 











SPELLING BOOK. 


67 


MOTE, s6n, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR J KTTLE, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K ; 6=J ; S = Z ; ^H=8H. 

A prospective view, means a view before us. 

Perspective glasses are such as we look through, to see things 
at a distance. Telescopes are perspective glasses. 

Rum, gin, brandy, and whisky are destructive enemies to 
mankind. They destroy more lives than wars, famine, and 
pestilence. 

An attentive boy will improve in learning. 

Putrid bodies emit an offensive smell. 

The drunkard’s course is progressive; he begins by drinking 
a little, and shortens his life by drinking to excess. 

The sloth is an inactive, slow animal. 

The President of the United States is elected once every four 
years. He is chosen by electors who are elected by people 
of the different States. 

No. 82.—LXXXII. 

WORDS OP FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 

ju 7 di ea tare spir' it u ous 


ex pli ea tive 
pal li a tive 
spee u la tive 
eop u la tive 
nom i na tive 
op er a tive 
fig u ra tive 
veg e ta tive 
im i ta tive 


spir it u al 
lin e a ment 
vi§ ion a ry 
mis sion a ry 
die tion a ry 
sta tion a ry 
est u a ry 
mer ge na ry 
mes en ter y 


ear' i ea ture 
tern per a ture 
lit er a ture 
ag ri eul ture 
hor ti eul ture 
pres by ter y 
des ul to ry 
prom on to ry 
per emp to ry 
ea§ u is try 


No. 83.—LXXXIII. 

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


rel' a tive 
ab la tive 
nar ra tive 
lax a tive 
ex pie tive 
neg a tive 


prim'i tive 
pur ga tive 
len i tive 
tran si tive 
sen si tive 
sub stan tive 


ad'jee tive 
ob vi ous 
en vi ous 
per vi ous 
pat u lous 
per il ous 














68 the elementary 


bab, last, €aee, f.all, wiiat; her, pehy, there; get; bird, marine; link; 


scur'ril ous 
mar vel ous 
frlv o lous 
fab u lous 
neb u lous 
glob u lous 
cred u lous 


sed' u lous 
gland u lous 
gran u lous 
pend u lous 
scrof u lous 
em u lous 
trem u lous 


pop'u lous 
quer ulous 
In fa mous 
bias phe mous 
de vi ous 
pre vi ous 
ll bel ous 


No. 84.—L XXXIV. 

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


bon' fire 
sam phire 
sap phire* 
quag mire 
em pire 
um pire 
wel fare 
hard ware 
wind pipe 
bag pipe 
horn pipe 
brim stone 
san gulne 
prls tine 
trib une 
fort une 
land scape 
pam phlet 
proph et 
eon tract 


spend' thrift 
sur feit 
des cant, n. 
ped ant 
pend ant 
ver dant 
sol enm 
col umw 
vol ume 
an szoer 
eon qwer 
cor sair 
grand eur 
phyg ies 
tae ties 
op ties 
cal endg 
for ward 
rich eg 
ash eg 


eal 7 dron 
•• 

chal dron 
saf fron 
mod ern 
bick ern 
lan tern 
gls tern 
pat tern 
slat tern 
bit tern 
tav ern 
gov ern 
stub born 
check er 
vie ar 
heff er 
cham fer 
pars ley 
frfend ship 
hard ship 


wor' ship 

( wur'ship ) 

star light 

mid night 

tip right 

In sight 

for feit 

non suit 

prig on 

gar den 

mer chant 

doub let 

fore head 

vine yard 

euck do 

edbp er 

wa ter 
•• 

mawk ish 
awk ward 
dwarf ish 


Brimstone is a mineral which is dug from the earth. 

Children should answer questions politely. 

When the sun shines with clearness, it is the most splendid 
object that we can see. 

* Pronounced sdf'flre. 












I 


SPELLING BOOK. 69 

MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OE ; K'JTLE, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K *, 6=J ; S = Z ; <JH=SK. 

Potashes and pearlashes are made from common ashes. 
Thirty-six bushels of coal make one chaldron. 

Saffron is a well-known garden plant. 

To keep the wind from blowing out the candle, we put it into 
a lantern. 

A wooden cistern is not very durable. 

Many persons spend too much time at taverns. 

Mules are sometimes very stubborn animals. 

The cuckoo visits us early in the spring. 

Carrots have long tapering roots. 

Twelve o’clock at night is midnight. 

A merchant is one who exports and imports goods, or who 
buys and sells goods, especially by wholesale. 

Water flows along a descent by the force of gravity. 

God governs the world in infinite wisdom; the Bible teaches 
us that it is our duty to worship Him. 

It is a solemn thing to die and appear before God. 

No. 85.—LXXXV. 


WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


cher' u bim 
• • 

por'cu pine 

scor'pi on 

ser a phim 

or i gin 

bar ris ter 

mar tyr dom 

jay e lin 

dul gi mer 

id i om 

rav e lin 

mar i ner 

draw ing-robm 

har le quin 

cor o ner 

cat a plagm 

myr mi don* 

can is ter 

os tra gigm 

lex i con 

mm is ter 

gal li gigm 

dec a gon 

sin is ter 

skep ti gigm 

oc ta gon 

pres by ter 

syl lo gigm 

pen ta gon 

quick sil ver 

her o igm 

hep ta gon 

met a phor 

bar ba rigm 

hex a gon 

bach e lor 

as ter igm 

pol y gon 

chan gel lor 

aph o rigm. 

cham pi on 

em per or 

mag net igm 

p6m pi on 

con qiter or 


* Pronounced rrier'ml-don . 












THE ELEMENTARY 


bar, lAst, gAre, fall, what; her, prey, there; get; bird, marine; link; 


sen' a tor 

ca/pi as 

pow' er ful 

or a tor 

ca ri e§ 

ca ve at 

coun sel or 

a ri e§ 

bay o net 

ed it or 

ti ni corn 

ro§e ma ry 

cred it or 

por ti co 

fruit er y 

mon i tor 

au dit or 
•• 

fool er y 

an 9es tor 

al ma nac 
•• 

droll er y 

par a mour 

wa ter fall 
•• •• 

straw ber ry 

cop per as 

quad ra ture 

qual i ty 

pol i tics 

cov ert ure 

lau re ate 

hem or rhoidg 

wa ter man 
•• 

house wife ry 

as ter oid§ 

salt-9el lar 

baoy an 9y 

re qui em 

e qni nox 

dent ist ry 

dl a phra^m 

coun ter poige 

soph ist ry 

cham her lain 

conn ter march 

por phy ry 

in ter im 

coun ter sign 

proph e 9y 

me te or 

boun ti ful 
• 

off scour ing 


Cherubim is a Hebrew word in the plural number. 

True heroism may sometimes be shown in everyday employ¬ 
ment. 

We ought to pity the mistakes of the ignorant, and try to 
correct them. 

The porcupine can raise his sharp quills, in the same manner 
as a hog erects his bristles. 

All mankind have their origin from Adam. 

A lexicon is a dictionary explaining words. 

Goliath was the champion of the Philistines. 

Pompions are now commonly called pumpkins. 

The sting of a scorpion is poisonous and fatal. 

Mariners are sailors who navigate ships on the high seas. 

We put tea into a canister to keep its flavor. 

Quicksilver is heavier than lead; and it flows like a liquid, 
but without moisture. 

Abraham was the great ancestor of the Hebrews. 

Cicero was the most celebrated of the Roman orators. 

If John sells goods to James on credit, John is the creditor, 
and James is the debtor. 














SPELLING BOOK. 

71 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, 

FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, 

FULL ; EJIST ; € = K 

S —J ; § = z; <JH=SIL 


No. 86.—LXXXVI. 


WORDS OF 

TWO SYLLABLES, 

ACCENTED ON 

THE SECOND. 

eom pel' 

be get' 

project',?/. 

ex tinct' 

dis pel 

for get 

tra ject, v. 

de funct 

ex pel 

re gret 

ob ject, v. 

de eoct 

re pel 

be set 

sub ject, v. 

de duct 

im pel 

un fit 

de ject 

in duct 

pro pel 

sub mit 

de feet 

con duct, 

fore tell 

ad mit 

af feet 

ob struct 

M fin 

e mit 

ef feet 

in struct 

dis till 

re mit 

in feet 

con struct 

in still 

trans mit 

e lect 

re plant 

ex till 

eom mit 

se lect 

im plant 

ex tol 

per mit 

re fleet 

sup plant 

ja pan 

re fit 

in fleet 

dis plant 

tre pan 

ae quit 

neg lect 

trans plant 

rat tan 

out wit * 

eol lect 

le vant 

di van 

re act 

con nect 

de sgent 

be gm 

en act 

re spect 

la ment 

with in 

eom pact 

sus pect 

aug ment,?/. 

un pin 

re fract 

e rect 

af fix, v. 

here in 

in fract 

cor rect 

pre fix, v. 

a non 

sub tract 

di rect 

in fix 

up on 

de tract 

de tect 

trans fix 

per haps 

re tract 

pro tect 

pro lix 

re volt 

eon tract, v. 

ad diet 

com mix 

a dult 

pro tract 

pre diet 

ge ment, v. 

re §ult 

ab stract, v. 

af flict 

con sent 

in suit, v. 

dis tract 

in flict 

fo ment 

eon suit 

ex tract, v. 

con flict, v . 

fer ment 

de cant 

trans act 

de pict 

dis sent 

re eant 

re ject 

re strict 

in tent 

a bet 

e ject 

sue einct 

con tent 

ea det 

in ject 

dis tinct 

ex tent 




















72 the elementary 


bar, lAst, gare, fall, wb^t; her, peey, th£re; get; bTrd, marine; li^k; 


e vent' 

com plaint 7 

ac count' 

be low 7 

re print 

re straint 

al low 

be stow 

pre text 

con straint 

en dow 

af front 

re lax 

dis traint 

ba shaw 
•• 

con front 

per plex 

ac quaint 

be dew 

re prove 

an nex 

ap point 

es chew 

dis prove 

de vour 

dis joint 

re new 

im prove 

a loud 

a noint 

fore show 

re ply 


Heavy clouds foretell a shower of rain. 

The rattan is a long slender reed that grows in Java. 

Good children will submit to the will of their parents. 

Let all your precepts be succinct and clear. 

We elect men to make our laws for us. 

Idle children neglect tlieir books when young, and thus reject 
their advantages. 

The little busy bees collect honey from flowers; they never 
neglect their employment. 

The neck connects tile head with the body. 

Children should respect and obey their parents. 

Parents protect and instruct their children. 

Satan afflicted Job with sore boils. 

The lady instructs her pupils how to spell and read. 

Teachers should try to implant good ideas in the minds of 
their pupils. 

The kind mother laments the death of a dear infant. 

A bashaw is a title of honor among the Turks; a governor. 
The word is now commonly spelled pasha. 

“ If sinners entice thee, consent thou not,” but withdraw from 
their company. 


No. 87.—LXXXVII. 

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST 


f is 7 cal ■ pit 7 coal 
of fal mor al 
form al gen tral 
dig mal vas sal 
char coal den tal 


men 7 tal tim' brel 

mor tal mon grel 

ves tal quar rel 

rev el squir rel 

gam brel min strel 














SPELLING BOOK. 


73 


MOVE, BON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; R£LE, FtfLL ; EJIBT J € = K ; ; B = Z ; £H = SH. 


. hand' sel 
chi§ el 
dam §el 
tray ail 
ten dril 
ster lie 
nos tril 
tran quil 


hurt' ful 
wist ful 
lust ful 
mad am 
mill dam 
bed lam 
buck ram 
bal sam 


hand bill em blem 
wind mill prob lem 
gam bol sys tern 


sym bol 
foot stool 
pis tol 
hand ful 


)il grim 
king dom 
sel dom 
earl dom 


venge ful wi§ dom 
wish ful ven om 


cus' tom 
b 5 t tom 
plat form 
sar ca§m 
ml a§m 
fan ta§m 
soph i§m 
bap ti§m 
al um 
vel lum 
min im 
nos trum 
frus trum 
tur ban 
or gan 
or phan 


king' man 
hunts man 
foot man 
grog ram 
cap stan 
sil van 
tfir ban 
fam ine 
sar dine 
en gine 
mar line 
er mine 
ver min 
jas mine 
rap ine 
doc trine 


bash ful 
skill ful 
help ful 
bliss ful 
fret ful 


mush room 
tran som 
bios som 
phan tom 
symp tom 


horse man des tine 
car man phal anx 
pen man si ren 
ger man in grain 
church man par boil 
work man breech ing 

[brich'ing] 

Charcoal is wood charred, or burned to a coal. 

Pit coal is dug from the earth for fuel. 

Never quarrel with your playmates. 

A, squirrel will climb a tree quicker than a boy. 

A ship is a vessel with three masts. 

The nose has two nostrils through which we breathe and smell. 
We sit in chairs and put our feet on a footstool. 

The farmer sows his grain by handfuls. 

Children may be helpful to their parents. 

Try to be a skillful workman ( wurk'man ). 

An artist is one who is skillful in some art. 

The fox is said to be an artful animal. 

Little boys and girls must not be fretful. 









74 THE 

ELEMENTARY 


BXe, LiST, GIrE, F£LL, what: 

HER, PREY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LRTK; 

A kingdom is a country ruled by a king. 


A wise man will make a good use of his knowledge. 

A chill is a symptom of fever. 


The chewing of tobacco is a useless habit. 

No. 88 . 

—LXXXVIII. 


WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 

boat' swain 

fore' top 

re' gress 

chief tain 

main top 

gy press 

neu ter 

cham ber 

fa mous 

pew ter 

shoul der 

spl nous 

bea ver 

mold er 

vi nous 

cleav er 

ran ger 

se rous 

weav er 

man ger 

po rous 

sew er 

stran ger 

nl trous 

lay er 

dan ger 

griev ous 

prayer ful 

gl pher 

treat ment 

may or 

twl light 

wain scot 

6 yer 

moon light 

main mast 

col ter 

day light 

hind most 

mo hair 

sky light 

fore most 

trai tor 

fore sight 

SH711 post 

home ward 

por trait 

by law 

out ward 

bow sprit 

rain bow 

wa ge§ 

tl ding§ 

fly blow 

breech e§ 

do ingg 

ca lix 

[brick'ez] 

moor ing§ 

phe nix 

Cray on 

fire arm§ 

re flux 

a corn 

twee zer§ 

week day 

home spun 

heed less 

FrI day 

snow drop 

e gress 

pay day 

The boatswain takes care of the ship’s rigging. 

Pewter is made chiefly of tin and lead. 


The fur of the beaver makes the best hats. 

The weaver weaves yarn into cloth. 










SPELLING BOOK. 75 

MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR *, RTTLE, P0LL ; EJIST J € = K *, 6=J ; S = Z ; CH = SH. 

Oak trees produce acorns, and little animals eat them. 

Spring is the first season of the year. 

The planet Saturn has a bright ring around it. 

The mason puts a layer of mortar between bricks. 

The mayor of a city is the chief magistrate. 

Judas was a traitor: he betrayed his master; that is, he gave 
him up to his enemies. 

The hair that is over the forehead is called a foretop. 

The farmer feeds his horse in a manger. 

We should be attentive and helpful to strangers. 

Firearms tv ere not known a few hundred years ago. 
Intemperance is a grievous sin of our country. 

Parents deserve the kind treatment of children. 

The United States have a large extent of sea coast. 

The rainbow is a token that the world will not be drowned 
again, but that the regular seasons will continue. 

A portrait is a picture bearing the likeness of a person. 

Mohair is made of camels’ hair. 

Pay the laborer his wages when he has done his work. 

Prayer is a duty, but it is in vain to pray without a sincere 
desire of heart to obtain what we pray for; to repeat the 
words of a prayer, without such desire, is solemn mockery. 


No. 89.— LXXXIX. 


WORDS OF 

TWO SYLLABLES, 

ACCENTED ON 

THE SECOND. 

du ress' 

ea ress' 

dis tress' 

ro bust' 

a mass 

ad dress 

as sess 

ad just 

re pass 

re dress 

pos sess 

un just 

sur pass 

ag gress 

a miss 

in trust 

eui rass 

trans gress 

re miss 

dis trust 

mo rass 

de press 

dis miss 

mis trust 

ae Qess 

re press 

em boss 

un mixt 

re 9 ess 

im press • 

a eross 

be twixt 

ex 9 ess 

op press 

dis euss 

a vert 

eon fess 

sup press 

ae e5st 

sub vert 

un less 

ex press 

e;g haust 

re vert 














THE ELEMENTARY 


bar, lAst, €abe, fall, what; heb, pbijy, thebe; get; bIbd, mabink; link; 


di vert' 

im port', v . 

con trast', v. 

di vest' 

con vert, v. 

com port 

a midst 

in vest 

per vert, v. 

sup port 

in fest 

be quest 

a lert 

trans port, v. 

sug gest 

re quest 

in ert 

re §ort 

di gest, v. 

sub sist 

ex pert 

as sort 

be hest 

de sist 

de gert 

de tort 

mo lest 

in sist 

in sert 

re tort 

ar rest 

con sist 

as sert 

con tort 

de test 

per sist 

es cort, v. 

dis tort 

con test, v. 

as sist 

de port 

ex tort, v. 

pro test, v. 

un twist 

re port 

un hurt 

at test 

re gist 


The miser amasses riches, and keeps his money where it will 
do no good. 

Confess your sins and forsake them. 

Unless you study you will not learn. 

The fond mother loves to caress her babe. 

Paul addressed Felix upon the subject of a future judgment. 
Bridges are made across rivers. 

An unjust judge may give a false judgment. 

William Tell was an expert archer. 

The fearful man will desert his post in battle. 

Wolves infest new countries and destroy the sheep. 

We detest robbers and pirates. 

The wicked transgress the laws of God. 


No. 90.—X C. 


WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND, 
a, IN A FINAL SYLLABLE ENDING IN ate, IF UNMARKED, 
HAS NOT ITS FULL LONG SOUND. . 


tri en' ni al 
lix iv i al 
mil len ni al 
quad ren ni al 
per en ni al 


sep ten' ni al 
sex ten - ni al 
ter res tri al 
col lat er al 
de lir i um 


lix iv' i um 
e ques tri an 
il lit er ate 
a dul ter ate 
as sev er ate 



















SPELLING BOOK. 


77 


MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; 


RXfLE, PULL ; EJIST J € = K ; 6=J ; S=Z ; CH=61L 


de 9em / vi rate 
e lab o rate 
eor rob o rate 
in vig or ate 
de lin e ate 
e vap o rate 
in ae eu rate 
ea pa9 i tate 
re sus 9i tate 
de bil i tate 
fa 9il i tate 
de eap i tate 
pre 9ip i tate 
in del 1 nite 


e rad' i eate 
9er tif i eate 
in del i eate 
pre var i eate 
au then ti eate 
do mes ti eate 
prog nos ti eate 
in tox i eate 
re 9ip ro eate 
e quiv o eate 
in val i date 
eon sol i date 
in tim i date 
di lap i date 


ae e 5 m' mo date 
eom men su rate* 
in yes ti gate 
re tal i ate 
eon 91I i ate 
ea lum ni ate 
de mon stra tive 
de riv a tive 
eon serv a tive 
de fin i tive 
in fin i tive 
re trib u tive 
eon see u tive 
e£ ee u tive 


A triennial assembly is one which continues three years, or is 
held once in three years. 

The Parliament of Great Britain is septennial, that is, formed 
once in seven years. 

The sun will evaporate water on the ground. 

It is difficult to eradicate vicious habits. 


Never retaliate an injury, even on an enemy. 

Never equivocate or prevaricate, but tell the plain truth. 
A definitive sentence is one that is final. 

Liquors that intoxicate are to be avoided as poison. 

Love and friendship conciliate favor and esteem. 


No. 91 .—XCI. 

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


ae quire' 
ad mire 
as pire 
re spire 
trans pire 
in spire 
eon spire 


per spire 
sus pire 
ex pire 
de §ire 
re tire 
en tire 
at tire 


re quire' 
in quire 
es quire 
a dore 
be fore 
de plore 
im plore 


ex plore' 
rc store 
se eure 
pro eure 
ob seure 
en dure 
ab jure 


* Pronounced com men' shoo rate. 










78 the elementary 


BAB, Li.ST, €iRE, 

F£LL, WII4.T; HER, 

pRgy, thebe; get; bird, mabI'ne; link; 

ad jure' 

pro mote' 

re 9eive' 

im peach' 

al lure 

de note 

per 9eive 

ap proach 

de mure 

re fute 

de rive 

en eroach 

im mure 

eon fute 

de prive 

re proach 

ma nure 

sa lute 

ar rive 

be seech 

in ure 

di lute 

eon trive 

eon geal 

im pure 

pol lute 

re vive 

re peal 

as sure {-shur) vo lute 

sur vive 

ap peal 

ma ture 

per mute 

un glue 

re veal 

de 9ease 

eom pute 

al lude 

gen teel 

de erease 

de pute 

re bate 

as sail 

re lease 

dis pute 

un true 

out sail 

in erease 

be have 

re move 

de tail, v. 

pre 9lse 

en slave 

be hoove 

re tail, v. 

eon 9ise 

for gave 

ap prove 

en tail 

mo rose 

en grave 

ae erue 

• • 

eur tail 

jo eose 

de prave 

dis seize 

a vail 

im brue 
• • 

sub due 

ap pri§e 

pre vail 

dis eourse 

in due 

as size 

be wail 

u nite 

a chieve 

re lief 

eon trol 

ig nite 

ag grieve 

be hoof 

en roll 

in vite 

re prieve 

a loof 

pa trol 

re mote 

re trieve 

re proof 

ob lige 


People admire the beautiful flowers of spring. 
The rainbow excites our admiration. 


Men acquire property by industry and economy; but it is 
more easy to acquire property than to keep it. 

Farmers put manure on their fields to enrich the land and 
obtain good crops. 

The light on this side of the moon, increases all the time 
from new to full moon; and then it decreases till it be¬ 


comes new moon again; and so it continues increasing and 
decreasing. 

Wise farmers contrive to procure a good living, by honest 
labor, and commonly succeed. 

It is not honorable to dispute about trifles. 











SPELLING BOOK, 79 

MOVE, SOX, WQLF, FOOT, MOOX, OR J RTTLE, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K ; 4=J J S = Z J <JH = 9H. 

A field requires a good fence to secure the crops. 

The clouds often obscure the sky in the night, and deprive us 
of the light of the moon and stars. 

You must not try to deceive your parents. 

The buds of the trees survive the winter; and when the w r arm 
sun shines, in the spring, the leaves and blossoms come 
forth upon the trees, the grass revives, and springs up from 
the ground. 

Before you rise in the morning or retire at night, give thanks 
to God for his mercies, and implore the continuance of his 
protection. 

No. 92 .—XCII. 


"WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


be tween' 

sns tain' 

en twine' 

re vere' 

ea reen 

ea jole 

post pone 

se vere 

earn pai^n 

eon sole 

de throne 

eom peer 

ar mign 

pis tole 

en throne 

ea reer 

or dain 

mis rule 
• • 

a tone 

bre vier 

dis dain 

hu mane 

je june 

bab don 

re gain 

in sane 

tri une 

buf foon 

eom plain 

ob sgene 

eom mune 

dra goon 

ex plain 

gan grene 

at tune 

rae eoon 

a main 

ter rene 

es eape 

doub loon 

ab stain 

eon vene 

e lope 

bal loon 

do main 

eom bine 

de elare 

gal loon 

re frain 

de fine 

in snare 

shal loon 

re strain 

re fine 

de spair 

plat oon 

dis train 

eon fine 

pre pare 

lam poon 

eon strain 

sa line 

re pair 

har poon 

eon tain 

de eline 

eom pare 

mon soon 

ob tain 

ea nine 

im pair 

bas soon 

de tain 

re pine 

sin £ere 

fes toon 

per tain 

sn pine 

ad here 

pol troon 

at tain 

en shrine 

eo here 

dig own 

dis tain 

di vine 

aus tere 

un /mown 






80 


THE ELEMENTARY 


bab, lAst, gAre, f^ll, wii^t; iiee, prey, there; get; bibd, marine; link; 


a wait eon tour 

de Qeit be sideg 

€on 9eit re 9eipt 

a mour re lieve 

•• 



un sown 

a do 

out do 
•• 

a go 


When the moon passes between the earth and the sun, we call 
it new; but you must not think that it is more new at that 
time, than it was when it was full; we mean, that it begins 
anew to show us the side on which the sun shines. God 
ordained the sun to rule the day; and the moon and stars 
to give light by night. 

The laws of nature are sustained by the immediate presence 
and agency of God. 

The heavens declare an Almighty power that made them. 

The science of astronomy explains the causes of day and night, 
and why the sun, and moon, and stars appear to change their 
places in the heavens. 

Air contains the vapors that rise from the earth; and it sus¬ 
tains them, till they fall in dews, and in showers of rain, or 
in snow or hail. 

Grapevines entwine their tendrils round the branches of trees. 

Laws are made to restrain the bad, and protect the good. 

Glue will make pieces of wood adhere. 

The careful ant prepares food for winter. 

We often compare childhood to the morning: morning is the 
first part of the day, and childhood is the first stage of hu¬ 
man life. 

Do not postpone till to-morrow what you should do to-day. 

A harpoon is an instrument for striking whales. 

Monsoon is a wind in the East Indies, that blows six months 
from one quarter, and then six months from another. 

Be careful to keep your house in good repair. 

Refrain from all evil; keep no company with immoral men. 

Never complain of unavoidable calamities. 

Let all your words be sincere, and never deceive. 

A poltroon is an arrant coward, and deserves the contempt of 
all brave men. 

Never practice deceit, for this is sinful. 

To revere a father, is to regard him with fear mingiea with 
respect and affection. 

Brevier is a small kind of printing letter. 










SPELLING 

BOOK. 81 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; EELE, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K ; Q = J ; § = Z ; (JH = SIL 

No. 93 .—XCIII. 

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, THE FULL ACCENT ON THE THIRD, 

AND A WEAK ACCENT 

ON THE FIRST. 

an te ged' ent 

mal e fae' tor 

dis a gree ment 

ben e fae tor 

gir eum ja gent 

met a phy§ ies 

re en forge ment 

math e mat ies 

pre en gage ment 

dis in her it 

en ter tain ment 

ev a nes 9ent 

in eo her ent 

eon va les 9ent 

in de 91 sive 

ef flo res 9ent 

su per vi §or 

eor res pond ent 

eon ser va tor 

in de pend ent 

des pe ra do 

re im burse ment * 

bas ti na do 

dis eon tent ment 

brag ga do ci 0 (-shi-o) 

om ni pre§ ent 

mis de mean or 

in ad vert ent 

ap pa ra tus 

pre 1st ent 

af fi da vit 

eo e% ist ent 

e£ ul ta tion 

in ter mit tent 

ad a man tine 

in ter mar ry 

man u faet ure 

6 ver shad ow 

su per struet ure 

ae 9i dent al 

per ad vent ure 

in 9i dent al 

met a mor phose 

0 ri ent al 

in nu en do 

fun da ment al 

su per ear go 

or na ment al 

in ter nun ci 0 (shi-o) 

sae ra ment al 

ar ma dil lo 

reg i ment al 

man i fes to 

det ri ment al 

laz a ret to 

mon u ment al 

dis en eum ber 

in stru ment al 
• • 

pred e ges sor 

hor i zon tal 

in ter ges sor 0 

i < 

dis a vow al 






















82 the elementary 

bar, lIst, cIre, fall, what; hEr, pb§y, th£re; get; bird, mabinb; disk; 

Gage is a French word, and signifies to pledge. 

The banks engage to redeem their notes with specie, and they 
are obliged to fulfill their engagements. 

To preengage means to engage beforehand. 

I am not at liberty to purchase goods which are preengaged 
to another person. 

To disengage, is to free from a previous engagement. 

A mediator is a third person who interposes to adjust a dis¬ 
pute between parties at variance. 

How can a young man cleanse his way ? 

Oh, how love I Thy law! 

No. 94.—XCIV. 

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST, 
LEFT UNMARKED FOR EXERCISE IN NOTATION. 

NOUNS. 

cin' na mon 

) 

et y mon 
grid i ron 
and i ron 
skel e ton 
sim pie ton 
buf fa lo 
cap ri corn 
cal i co 
in di go 
ver ti go 
cal i ber 
bed cham ber 
cin na bar 
of fi cer 
col an der 
lav en der 
prov en der 
cyl in der 
in te ger 
scav en ger 
har bin ger 


NOUNS. 

por'rin ger 
stom a cher 
ob se quies 
prom i ses 
com pass es 
in dex es 
am ber gris 
em pha sis 
di o cese 
o li o 
o ver plus 
pu is sance 
nu cle us 
ra di us 
ter mi nus 
blun der buss 
syl la bus 
in cu bus 
ver bi age 
Sir i us 
cal a mus 
mit ti inks 


ADJECTIVES. 

du r te ous 
a que ous 
du bi ous 
te di ous 
o di ous 
stu di ous 
co pi ous 
ca ri ous 
se ri ous 
glo ri ous 
cu ri ous 
fu ri ous 
spu ri ous 
lu mi nous 
glu ti nous 
mu ti nous 
ru in ous 
lu di crous 
dan ger ous 
hid e ous 
in fa mous 
ster to rous 









SPELLING BOOK. 

83 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, 

FOOT, MOON, OR J RULE, PULL ; EXIST ; G= 

-K ; 4 =J; s=z; £u=sh. 

nu' mer ous rav' en 

ous 

vig' or ous 

o dor ous 

om i nous 

val or ous 

hu mor ous res in 

ous 

am or ous 

ri ot ous 

glut ton ous 

clam or ous 

trai tor ous bar ba 

rous 

tim or ous 

per vi ous ul cer 

ous 

sul phur ous 

treach er ous slan der ous 

vent ur ous 

haz ard ous pon der ous 

rapt ur ous 

pit e ous 

mur der ous 

ar du ous 

plen te ous gen er 

ous 

mis chiev ous 

lm pi ous 

pros per ous 

stren u ous 

vil lain ous ran cor ous 

sin u ous 

mem bra nous rig or 

ous 

tyr an nous 


No. 95 .- 

-XCVo 


WORDS OF 

TWO SYLLABLES, 

ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 

ap peage' 

re poge' 

es cheat' 

re hear' 

dis pleage 

pro poge 

re peat 

be smear 

dig eage 

im poge 

en treat 

ap pear 

e rase 

eom poge 

re treat 

tat too 

pre mlge 

trans poge 

un loose 

en trap 

sur mige 

a buge, v . 

de bauch 
•• 

in wrap 

de spige 

ae euge 

re call 

un ship 

a rige 

ex euge, v. 

be fall 

e quip 

com prige 

re fuge 

with al 

en camp 

chas tige 

ef fuge 

fore stall 

de camp 

ad vige 

dif fuge 

fore warn un stop 

de vige 

suf fuge 

de fault 

u gurp 

re vige 

in fuge 

as sault 

un clasp 

dis gmge 

eon fuge 

pa paw 

de bar 

fore cloge 

a muge 

with draw un bar 

in eloge 

re eruit 
• • 

a sleep 

a far 

dis eloge 

de feat 

en dear 

ap plauge 








84 

THE ELEMENTARY 


bIk, last, gIee, f^ll, her, prey, there; get; bTrd, marine; link; 


No. 96.— 

XCVI. 



MONOSYLLABLES IN TH. 


IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, 111 

HAS THE ASPIRATED SOUND, 


AS IN THINK, THIN. 


theme 

thole 

troth 

tilth 

three 

throe 

north 

smith 

thane 

throve 

sloth 

truths 

thrive 

teeth 

thought 

thaw 

•• 

throne 

threw (throo) 

thorn 

thrall 

throw 

thrive 

throb 

thwart 

truth 

meath 

throng 

warmth 

youth 

thread 

thong 

swath 

heath 

thresh 

thing 

path 

ruth 

thrift 

think 

bath 

sheath 

thrust 

thin 

lath 

both 

thrum 

thank 

wrath 

oath 

depth 

thick 

hearth 

quoth 

width 

thrill 

tooth 

growth 

filth 

thumfr 

birth 

blowth 

frith 

thump 

mirth 

forth 

plinth 

length 

third 

fourth 

spilth 

strength 

thirst 

thief 

thwack 

hath 

thirl 

thieve 

broth 

withe 

worth 

faith 

cloth 

thatch 

month 

thigh 

froth 

thill 

south 

throat 

loth 

theft 

mouth 

doth 

moth 

thrush 

drouth 

IN THE FOLLOWING, THE NOUNS HAVE THE ASPIRATED, AND 

THE VERBS THE VOCAL SOUND OF 

tii. 

NOUNS. 

VERBS. 

NOUNS. 

VERBS. 

cloth 

clothe 

sheath 

sheathe 

I bath 

bathe 

wreath 

wreathe 

mouth 

mouth 

swath 

swathe 

1 breath 

breathe 

teeth 

teeth 










I SPELLING BOOK. * 85 

MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; KT7LE, PULL J EJIST ; € = K ; &=J ; £ = Z ; OH=8H, 

Cambric is a kind of thin muslin. 

A fire was burning on the hearth. 

Many kings have been thrown down from their thrones. 

A tiger has great strength, and is very ferocious. 

A manly youth will speak the truth. 

Keep your mouth clean, and save your teeth. 

The water in the canal is four feet in depth. 

A toothbrush is good to brush your teeth. 

The length of a square figure is equal to its breadth. 

The breadth of an oblong square is less than its length. 

Plants will not thrive among thorns and weeds. 

The thresher threshes grain, as wheat, rye, oats. 

A severe battle thins the ranks of an army. 

Youth may be thoughtful, but it is not very common. 

One good action is worth many good thoughts. 

A piece of cloth, if good, is worth what it will bring. 
Drunkards are worthless fellows, and despised. 

Bathing houses have baths to bathe in. 

We breathe fresh air at every breath. 


No. 97.—X CVII. 

WORDS OP TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


bal' last 

com' plex 

Tue§' day 

ver'y 

fil bert 

ver tex 

We6?ne§ day 

driz zly 

c 5 n gert 

vor tex 

Thur§ day 

grig ly 

ef fort 

con vex 

mid way 

guilt y 

pur port 

lar ynx 

gang way 

pan §y 

trail script 

af flux 

path way 

fren zy 

con script 

con flux 

es say 

quin §y 

bank rupt 

ef flux 

com fort 

gip sy 

eld est 

in flux 

cov ert 

tip sy 

nepb ew* 

c 5 n text 

bom bast 

drop sy 

sin ew 

bow line 

court ship 

scrub by 

land tax 

mid day 

Aim §y 

shrub by 

syn tax 

Sun day 

clum §y 

stub by 

in dex 

Mon day 

swel try 

nut meg 


* Pronounced nef yu. 















86 * THE ELEMENTARY 

BAB, LAST, GARB, FALL, WH^TJ HER, PRgY, THiREJ GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK; 


off ing 

hear' say 

dai' ly 

frail' ty 

stuff ing 

drear y 

dai §y 

dain ty 

bri ny 

wear y 

ea §y 

cam brie 

no§e gay 

• 

que ry 

No. 98.- 

trea ty 

-XCVIII. 

shoul der 

IN THE FOLLOWING, THE « 

FIRST OR 

OF THE DIGRAPH 

LONG SOUND. 

OW HAS ITS 

bor' row 

bil' low 

har' row 

win' dow 

el bow 

hoi low 

spar row 

win now 

fel low 

ar row 

yar row 

wil low 

fol low 

far row 

yel low 

mel low 

cal low 

nar row 

tal low 

mor row 

mead ow 

inal low 

fal low 

sor row 

shad ow 

pil low 
min now 

slial low 

bur row 

hal low 

fur row 

swal low 
• 

bel low 

mar row 

wid ow 

wal low 

• 

Filberts are small nuts growing in hedges. 


A ship or boat must have ballast to prevent 

it from over- 


setting. 

The sinews are the tendons that move the joints of the body. 
The tendon of the heel is the main sinew that moves the 
foot. 

From the shoulder to the elbow there is only one bone in the 
arm, but from the elbow to the hand there are two bones. 

The light is on one side of the body, and the shadow on the 
other. 

In old times there was no glass for windows. 

The farmer winnows chaff from the grain. 

The callow young means the young bird before it has feath¬ 
ers. 

Fallow ground is that wlffch has lain without being plowed 
and sowed. 

A shallow river will not float ships. Some places in the Ohio 
are at times too shallow for large boats. 

Cattle in South America are hunted for their hides and 
tallow. 













SPELLING BOOK. 


87 


MOVB, SON, WQ LF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; BULE, PULL ; E£IST ; € = K ; 6=J ; £ = Z ; OH — BE. 


Tallow is the fat of oxen, cows, and sheep. 

Apples and peaches are ripe when they are mellow, but hard 
apples keep better than mellow ones. 

The bull bellows and paws the ground. 

Friday is just as lucky a day as any other. 



No. 99.- 

-XCIX. 


WORDS OF 

TWO SYLLABLES 

, ACCENTED ON 

THE FIRST. 

rag 7 tire 

wee' vil 

mourn 7 ful 
• 

sports 7 man 

seiz ure 

snow ball 
•• 

fear ful 

brain pan 

JL 

trea tise 

bride well 

cheer ful 

mon ster 

like wlge 

mole hill 

right ful 

free stone 

door ease 

fe rlne 

fruit ful 

mile stone 

stair ease 

mind ful 
• 

boast ful 

grave stone 

sea horse 

peaQe ful 

aw ful 
•• 

hail stone 

brl dal 

hate ful 

law ful 

hy phen 

feu dal 

wake ful 

play day 

au tunm 
•• 

oat meal 

gmle ful 

thrall dom 
• • 

au burn 

spl ral 

dole ful 

watch man sau^e pan 

flo ral 

shame ful 

watch ful 

war fare 
•• 

neu tral 

bane ful 

free dom 

fa -9 lie 

plu ral 

tune ful 

bo gom 

serv lie 

port al 

hope ful 

luke warm dae tyl 

bru tal 

e&re ful 

tn form 

due tile 

vl tal 

Ire ful 

glow worm mis sile 

e qual 

dire ful 

de igm 

do 9 ile 

sur felt 

use ful 

oak um 

rep tile 

an gel 

grate ful 

quo rum 

fer tile 

an cient 

spite ful 

stra turn 

hos tile 

wea gel 

waste ful 

sea man 

sex tile 

jew el 

faith ful 

free man 

flex He 

new el 

youth ful 

fore man 

verd lire 

erew el 

gain ful 

yeo man 

ord ure 

\hru'el\ 

pain ful 

saleg man 

fig ure 

tre foil 

spoon ful 

states man 

in jure 





















88 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, lAst, gare, fall, wh^t; hrr, prey, there; get; bird, marine; link; 


eon'jure 

fraet' ure 

mor' tise 

leg' ate 

per jure 

cult ure 

prac ti 9 e 

frig ate 

pleag ure 

fixt ure 

trav erse 

in grate 

mea§ ure 

earn phor 

ad verse 

phvg ie 

treag ure 

grand sire 

pack horse 

jon quil 

9 <m sure 

prom ise 

ref use 

sub tile 

press ure 

an ise 

man date 

fer ule 

•• 

fis sure 

tur key 

ag ate 

con dor 

A treatise is 

a written composition on some 

particular sub- 


ject. 

Oatmeal is the meal of oats, and is very good food. 

An egg is nearly oval in shape. 

A newel is the post round which winding stairs are formed. 

Crewel is a kind of yarn, or twisted worsted. 

A jewel is often hung in the ear. The Jews formerly wore, 
and some nations still wear, jewels in the nose. 

Trefoil is a grass of three leaves. 

Weevils in grain are very destructive vermin. 

To be useful is more honorable than to be showy. 

A hyphen is a little mark between syllables or words, thus, 
hy-phen, attorney-general. 

A spiral line winds and rises at the same time. 

It is a mean act to deface the figures on a milestone. 

No pleasure is equal to that of a quiet conscience. 

Let us lay up for ourselves treasures in heaven, where neither 
moth nor rust can corrupt. 


No. 100.—C. 

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


ad vent' ur ous 
a non y mous 
sy non y mous 
un gen er ous 
mag nan i mous 
u nan i mous 
as par a gus 


pre 9 ip'i tous 
ne 9 es si tous 
am phib i ous 
mi rac u lous 
a nal o gous 
per fid i ous 
fas tid i ous 















SPELLING 

BOOK. g9 

MOVR, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB J R'g’LE, POLL ; EJIST ; € = K ; G=J ; g = Z ; OH=BH. 

in sid' i ous 

in tel' li gent 

in yid i ous 

ma lev o lent 

eon spie u ous 

be nev o lent 

per spie u ous 

pre die a ment 

pro mis eu ous 

dis par age ment 

as sid u ous 

en eour age ment 

am big u ous 

en fran chi§e ment 

eon tig u ous 

dis fran chige ment 

mel lif lu ous 

en tan gle ment 

su per flu ous 

ae knowl edg ment 

in gen u ous 

es tab lish ment 

eon tin u ous 

em bel lish ment 

in eon gru ous 

ae eom plish ment 

im pet u ous 

as ton ish ment 

tu mult u ous 

re lin quish ment 

vo lupt u ous 

im ped i ment 

tern pest u ous 

ha bil i ment 

sig nif i eant 

im pri§ on ment 

ex trav a gant 

em bar rass ment 

pre dom i nant 

in teg u ment 

in tol er ant 

e mol u ment 

I tin er ant 

pre em i nent 

in hab it ant 

in eon ti nent 

eon eom i taut 

im per ti nent 

ir rel e vant 

in dif fer ent 

be nef i 9 ent 

ir rev er ent 

mag nif i gent 

om nip o tent 

mu nif i gent 

mel lif lu ent 

eo in gi dent 

gir eum flu ent 

non re§ i dent 

ae eou ter ment 

im prov i dent 

eom mu ni eant 

An anonymous author writes without signing his name to his 

composition. 


Synonymous words have the same signification. Very few 

words in English are exactly synonymous. 








90 THE ELEMENTARY 

BAB, lAst, caee, e^ll, WH4.T; her, prey, th£be; get; bird, marine; liuk; 

Precipitous signifies steep; tlie East and West rocks in New 
Haven are precipitous. 

An amphibious animal can live in different elements. The 
frog lives in air, and can live in water for a long time. 

A miraculous event is one that can not take place according 
to the ordinary laws of nature. It can take place only by 
the agency of divine power. 

Assiduous study will accomplish almost any thing that is 
within human power. 

An integument is a cover. The skin is the integument of ani¬ 
mal bodies. The bones also have integuments. 

Young persons are often improvident—far more improvident 
than the little ants. 


No. 101.—Cl. 

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND, 

AND LEFT UNMARKED. 


as per' i ty 
se ver i ty 
pros per i ty 
aus ter i ty 
dex ter i ty 
in teg ri ty 
major i ty 
pri or i ty 
mi nority 
plu ral i ty 
ia tal i ty 
vi tal i ty 
mo ral i ty 
mor tal i ty 
bru tal i ty 
fi del i ty 
sta bil i ty 
mo bil i ty 
no bil i ty 
fa cil i ty 


do cil' i ty 
agility 
fra gil i ty 
ni hil i ty 
hu mil i ty 
ste ril i ty 
vi ril i ty 
scur ril i ty 
due til i ty 
gen til i ty 
fer til i ty 
hos til i ty 
tran quil li ty 
ser vil i ty 
pro pin qui ty 
ca lam i ty 
ex trem i ty 
sub lim i ty 
prox im i ty 
con form i ty 


e nor' mi ty 
ur ban i ty 
cu pid i ty 
tur gid i ty 
va lid i ty 
ca lid i ty 
so lid i ty 
ti mid i ty 
hu mid i ty 
ra pid i ty 
stu pid i ty 
a rid i ty • 
flo rid i ty 
fe cun di ty 
ro tun di ty 
com mod i ty 
ab surd i ty 
lo cal i ty 
vo cal i ty 
ras cal i ty 












SPELLING BOOK, 


91 


MQVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, 6b ; EXILE, PULL J E£I8T ; € = K ”, 6=J ; £=Z ; OB=8H, 

1 / • . 1 1 « « 0 m 


re al 7 i ty 
le gal i ty 
re gal i ty 
fru gal i ty 
for mal i ty 
car nal i ty 
neu tral i ty 
as cend en cy 


hy poc 7 ri sy 
ti moc ra cy 
im pi e ty 
va ri e ty 
e bri e ty 
so bri e ty 
pro pri e ty 
sa ti e ty 


de spond' en cy 
e mer gen cy 
in clem en cy 
con sist en cy 
in solv en cy 
de lin quen cy 
mo not o ny 
a pos ta sy 

The winters in Lapland are severe. The people of that coun¬ 
try dress in furs, to protect themselves from the severity of 
the cold. 

Major signifies more or greater; minor means less. 

A majority is more than half; a minority is less than half. 
Plurality denotes two or more; as, a plurality of worlds. 

In grammar, the plural number expresses more than one; as, 
two men, ten dogs. 

A majority of votes means more than half of them. 

When we say a man has a plurality of votes, we mean he has 
more than any one else. 

Members of Congress and Assembly are often elected by a 
plurality of votes. 

Land is valued for its fertility and nearness to market. 

Many parts of the United States are noted for the fertility of 
the soil. 

The rapidity of a stream sometimes hinders its navigation. 
Consistency of character, in just men, is a trait that commands 
esteem. 

Humility is the prime ornament of a Christian. 


No. 102.—CII. 

WORDS OP FIVE SYLLABLES, 

co tern 7 po ra ry 
ex tem po ra ry 
de rog a to ry 
ap pel la to ry 
con sol a to ry 
de fam a to ry 


ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 

de clam 7 a to ry 
ex clam a to ry 
in flam ma to ry 
ex plan a to ry 
de clar a to ry 
pre par a to ry 


















92 the elementary 

BAB, LIST, €iBE, T&L1*, WH^TJ HER, PREY, THERE? GET? BIRD, MARINE? LINK? 

dis pen' sa to ry 
snb sid i a ry 
in gen di a ry 
sti pen di a ry 
e pis to la ry 
yo eab u la ry 
ini ag i na ry 
pre Inn i na ry 
•eon fee tion er y 
un neg es sa ry 
he red i ta ry 
in vol un ta ry 
re §id u ary 
tu mult u a ry 
vo lupt u a ry 

Addison and Pope were cotemporary authors, that is, they 
lived at the same time. 

A love of trifling amusements is derogatory to the Christian 
character. 

Epistolary correspondence is carried on by letters. 

Imaginary evils make no small part of the troubles of life. 

Hereditary property is that which descends from ancestors. 

The Muskingum is a subsidiary stream of the Ohio. 

A man who willfully sets fire to a house is an incendiary. 

An observatory is a place for observing the heavenly bodies 
with telescopes. 

An extemporary discourse is one spoken without notes or pre¬ 
meditation. 

Christian humility is never derogatory to character. 

Inflame, signifies to heat, or to excite. 

Strong liquors inflame the blood and produce diseases. 

The prudent good man will govern his passions, and not suffer 
them to be inflamed with anger. 

Intemperate people are exposed to inflammatory diseases. 

A conservatory is a large greenhouse for the preservation and 
culture of exotic plants. 


ob §erv a to ry 
•eon serv a to ry 
pro hib it o ry 
pre mon i to ry 
re po§ i to ry 
sup po§ i to ry 
le git i ma gy 
in vet er a gy 
sub serv i en gy 
de gen er a gy 
eon fed er a gy 
ef fem i na gy 
in del i ea gy 
in hab it an gy 
ae eom pa ni ment 















SPELLING BOOK. 


93 


MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; B^TLE, POLL ; E£I8T \ € = K ; &=J ; 8=Z ; OH=8E. 


No. 103.—C III. 

WORDS OF SIX SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FOURTH, OR 

ANTEPENULT. 


ma te ri al' i ty 
il lib er al i ty 
u ni ver sal i ty 
in hos pi tal i ty 
in stru ment al i ty 
spir it u al i ty 
im prob a bil i ty 
im pla ea bil i ty 
mal le a bil i ty 
in flam ma bil i ty 
in pa pa bil i ty 
pen e tra bil i ty 
im mn ta bil i ty 
in ered i bil i ty 
il leg i bil i ty 
re fran gi bil i ty 
in fal li bil i ty 
di vi§ i bil i ty 
in sen si bil i ty 
im pos si bil i ty 


eom press i bil' i ty 
eom pat i bil i ty 
de struet i bil i ty 
per gep ti bil i ty 
re gist i bil i ty 
eom bus ti bil i ty 
in flex i bil i ty 
dis sim i lar i ty 
par tie u lar i ty 
ir reg u lar i ty 
in fe ri or i ty 
su pe ri or i ty 
im pet u os i ty 
gen er al is si mo 
dis gi plin a ri an 
pre des ti na ri an 
an te di lu vi an 
het e ro ge ne ous 
me di a to ri al 
in qui§ i to ri al 


No. 104.-CIV. 

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


ben' e fit 
al pha bet 
par a pet 
sum mer set 
min u et 
pol y pus 
im pe tus 
eat a raet 


in' tel leet 
gir eum speet 
pick pock et 
flow er et 
ley er et 
pen ny weight 
eat a pult 
men di eant 


sup'pli eant 
per ma nent 
mis ere ant 
ter ma gant 
el e gant 
lit i gant 
ar ro gant 
el e phant 










94 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, LAST, €iRK, FALL, WH^T? HER, PREY, THERE? SET? BIRD, MARINE? LINK ? 


syo'o phant 
pet u lant 
ad a mant 
eov e nant 
eon so nant 
per ti nent 
tol er ant 
eor mo rant 
lg no rant 
eon ver sant 
mil i tant 
ad ju tant 
rel e vant 
in no gent 
ae gi dent 
in gi dent 
dif fi dent 
€on fi dent 
re§ i dent 
pre§ i dent 
prov i dent 
in di gent 
neg li gent 
am bi ent 
prev a lent 
pes ti lent 
ex gel lent 
red o lent 


in' do lent 
tur bu lent 
sue eu lent 
fee u lent 
es eu lent 
op u lent 
vir u lent 
flat u lent 
lig a ment 
par lia ment 
fil a ment 
arm a ment 
sae ra ment 
test a ment 
man age ment 
im pie ment 
eom pie ment 
eom pli ment 
bat tie ment 
set tie ment 
ten e ment 
in ere ment 
em bry o 
part ner ship 
fel low ship 
eal en dar 
vin e gar 
in su lar 


sinfli lar 
pop u lar 
tab u lar 
glob u lar 
see u lar 
oe u lar 
joe u lar 
glr eu lar 
mus eu lar 
reg u lar 
gel lu lar 
an nu lar 
seap u lar 
spec u lar 
eon su lar 
eap su lar 
tit u lar 
sub lu nar 
gim e ter 
ba§ i lisk 
ean ni bal 
eoch i neal 
mar tin gal 
hos pi tal 
ped es tal 
tu bu lar 
ju gu lar 
fu ner al 


No. 105.—CV. 

WORDS OP FIVE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE THIRD. 

am bi gu / i ty im por tu' ni ty 

eon ti gu i ty op por tu ni ty 

eontra ri e ty per pe tu i ty 




















SPELLING BOOK. 


95 


MOVE, SOX, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR J BULB, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K ; S=J ; fl = Z ; OH=8H. 


su per flu' i ty 
in ere du li ty 
in se eu ri ty 
im ma tu ri ty 
per spi eu i ty 
as si du i ty 
eon ti nu i ty 
in ge nu i ty 
in eon gru i ty 
fran gi bii i ty 
fal li bil i ty 
fea §i bil i ty 
vi§ i bil i ty 
sen si bil i ty 
pos si bil i ty 
plau §i bil i ty 
im be gil i ty 
in do gil i ty 
vol a til i ty 
ver sa til i ty 
ea pa bil i ty 
in si pid i ty 
il le gal i ty 
prod i gal i ty 
eor di al i ty 
per son al i ty 
prin gi pal i ty 
lib er al i ty 
gen er al i ty 
im mo ral i ty 
hos pi tal i ty 
im mor tal i ty 
in e qual i ty 
sen su al i ty ( sen-shu -) 


punet u al' i ty 
mut u al i ty 
in fi del i ty 
prob a bil i ty 
in a bil i ty 
du ra bil i ty 
dis a bil i ty 
in sta bil i ty 
mu ta bil i ty 
ered i bil i ty 
tan gi bil i ty 
so cia bil i ty ( so-sha -) 
traet a bil i ty 
pla ea bil i ty 
in u til i ty 
in gi vil i ty 
u ni form i ty 
non eon form i ty 
eon san gum i ty 
sin gu lar i ty 
joe u lar i ty 
reg u lar i ty 
pop u lar i ty 
me di oe ri ty 
in sin ger i ty 
sin u os i ty 
eu ri os i ty 
an i mos i ty 
gen er os i ty 
flex i bil i ty 
im mo bil i ty 
sol u bil i ty 
vol u bil i ty 
mag na nim i ty 


















96 


THE ELEMENTARY 


bab, lAst, gAbe, fall, what; hSb, prby, there; get; bird, marine; link; 


u na mm' i ty 
in hu man i ty 
ar is toe ra 9 y 
in ad ver ten 9 y 


phra §e 61 ' o gy 
os te ol o gy 
a er ol o gy 
no to rl e ty 


WORDS OF THREE 

9 es sa/ tion 
li ba tion 
pro ba tion 
va -ea tion 
lo ea tion 
yo ea tion 
gra da tion 
foun da tion 
ore a tion 
ne ga tion 
pur ga tion 
ml gra tion 
ob la tion 
re la tion 
trans la tion 
for ma tion 
stag na tion 
dam na tion 
oar na tion 
vi bra tion 
nar ra tion 
pros tra tion 
du ra tion 
pul sa tion 
sen sa tion 
dio ta tion 
91 ta tion 


No. 106.—C VI. 

SYLLABLES, ACCENTED 

plan ta/ tion 
no ta tion 
ro ta tion 
quo ta tion 
temp ta tion 
prl va tion 
sal va tion 
e qua tion 
vex a tion 
tax a tion 
sa na tion 
00 m pie tion 
se ere tion 
■eon ere tion 
ex ere tion 
e mo tion 
pro mo tion 
de vo tion 
pro por tion 
ap por tion 
ab lu tion 
so lu tion 
pol lu tion 
di lu tion 
at trae tion 
re frae tion 
sub trae tion 


ON THE SECOND. 

de trae' tion 
eon trae tion 
pro trae tion 
dis trae tion 
ex trae tion 
eon nee tion 
af fee tion 
eon fee tion 
per fee tion 
in fee tion 
sub jee tion 
de jee tion 
re jee tion 
in jee tion 
ob jee tion 
pro jee tion 
e lee tion 
se lee tion 
re flee tion 
eol lee tion 
in spee tion 
di ree tion 
eor ree tion 
dis see tion 
de tee tion 
af file tion 
re strie tion 






SPELLING BOOK. 97 

MOVE, 86 n, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; KTJLE, P^LL ; EXIST ; € = K ; 6 = J ; S=Z ; <jn = SH. 


€011 vie' tion 
eom pul sion 
ex pul sion 
eon vul sion 
ex pan sion 
as gen sion 
de sgen sion 
di men sion 
sus pen sion 
dis sen sion 
pre ten sion 
sub mer sion 
e mer sion 
im mer sion 
as per sion 
dis per sion 
a ver sion 
sub ver sion 
re ver sion 
di ver sion • 
in ver sion 
eon ver sion 
per ver sion 
eom pas sion 
ae ges sion 
se ges sion 
eon ges sion 
pro ges sion 
eon fes sion 
pro fes sion 
a g gres sion 
di gres sion 
pro gres sion 
re gres sion 


de pres'sion 
im pres sion 
op pres sion 
sup pres sion 
ex pres sion 
pos ses sion 
sub mis sion 
ad mis sion 
e mis sion 
re mis sion 
eom mis sion 
o mis sion 
per mis sion 
dis mis sion 
eon eus sion 
dis eus sion 
re ae tion 
eon juije tion 
in june tion 
eom pune tion 
de eoe tion 
eon eoe tion 
in frae tion 
ab due tion 
de due tion 
re due tion 
se due tion 
in due tion 
ob strue tion 
de strue tion 
in strue tion 
eon strue tion 
de ten tion 
in ten tion 


re tension 
eon ten tion 
dis ten tion 
at ten tion 
in ven tion 
eon ven tion 
de gep tion 
re gep tion 
eon gep tion 
ex gep tion 
per gep tion 
as erip tion 
de serip tion 
in serip tion 
pre serip tion 
pro serip tion 
re demp tion 
eon sump tion 
a dop tion 
ab sorp tion 
e rup tion 
eor rup tion 
de §er tion 
in ser tion 
as ser tion 
ex er tion 
eon tor tion 
dis tor tion 
ex tme tion 
ex ten sion 
ex tor tion 
ir rup tion 
eom plex ion 
de flux ion 















98 


THE ELEMENTARY 


bae, lAst, gare, f^ll, wh|t; her, peey, there; get; bird, maeine; link; 


No. 107.—CVII. 

WORDS OP FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE THIRD. 

dis til la/ tion 
per eo la tion 
vi o la tion 
im mo la tion 


pub li ea/ tion 
rep li ea tion 
im pli ea tion 
eom pli ea tion 
ap pli ea tion 
sup pli ea tion 
ex pli ea tion 
rep ro ba tion 
ap pro ba tion 
per tur ba tion 
in eu ba tion 
ab di ea tion 
ded i ea tion 
med i ta tion 
in di ea tion 
vin di ea tion 
del e ga tion 
ob li ga tion 
al le ga tion 
ir ri ga tion 


lit i ga/ tion 
mit i ga tion 
in sti ga tion 
nav i ga tion 

pro mul ga tion des o la tion 
pro Ion ga tion eon so la tion 
ab ro ga tion eon tern pla tion 


sub ju ga tion 

fas gi na tion 

me di a tion 

pal li a tion 

ex pi a tion 

va ri a tion 

de vi a tion 

ex ha la tion 

eon ge la tion 

mu ti la tion 

in stal la tion 
• 

ap pel la tion 


leg is la tion 
trib u la tion 
pee u la tion 
spee u la tion 
eal eu la tion 
gir eu la tion 
mod u la tion 
reg u la tion 
gran u la tion 
stip u la tion 
pop u la tion 
grat u la tion 
eon stel la tion re tar da tion 


Legislation is the enacting of laws, and a legislator is one who 
makes laws. 

God is the divine legislator. He proclaimed his ten com¬ 
mandments from Mount Sinai. 

Tn free governments the people choose their legislators. 

We have legislators for each State, who make laws for the 
State where they live. The town in which they meet to 
legislate, is called the seat ot government. These legisla¬ 
tors, when they are assembled to make laws, are called the 
legislature. 

The people should choose their best and wisest men for their 
legislators. 

It is the duty qf every good man to inspect the moral conduct 






SPELLING BOOK. 99 

MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; BULB, PULL ; BXI8T J € = K ; 6=J ; g = Z ; £H=SH. 

of the man who is offered as a legislator at our yearly elec¬ 
tions. If the people wish for good laws, they may have 
them, by electing good men. 

The legislative councils of the United States should feel their 
dependence on the will of a free and virtuous people. 

Our farmers, mechanics, and merchants, compose the strength 
of our nation. Let them be wise and virtuous, and watch¬ 
ful of their liberties. Let them trust no man to legislate 
for them, if he lives in the habitual violation of the laws 
of his country. 

No. 108.—C VIII. 


WORDS OP THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


def ; i nlte 

des'ti tute 

mfero seope 

ap po §Ite 

In sti tute 

an te lope 

op po §ite 

eon sti tute 

pro to type 

In fi mte 

pros ti tute 

hem is phere 

hyp 0 erlte 

pros e lyte 

at mos phere 

par a site 

bar be eue 

eom mo dore 

ob so lete 

re§ i due 

sye a more 

ex pe elite 

•ves ti bule 

vol a tile 

ree on elite 

rid i eule 

ver sa tile 

sat el lite 

mus ea dine 

mer ean tile 

er e mite 

brig an tine 

In fan tile 

ap pe tite 

eal a mine 

dis 9 i pllne 

an ee dote 

96 I an dine 

mas eu line 

pros e eute 

ser pen tine 

fern i nine 

per se eute 

tur pen tine 

nee tar ine 

ex e eute 

por eu pine 

gen uine 

ab so lute 

an 0 dyne 

ber yl line 

dls so lute 

tel e seope 

fa vor Ite 

sub sti trite 

hor 0 seope 

pu er lie 


An anecdote is a short story, or the relation of a particular 
incident. 

Ridicule is not often the test of truth. L OF C* 











100 THE elementary 

bar, lIst, €aek, fall, what; h£r, pest, th£re ; get; bird, marine; li?k; 

No. 109.— CIX. 


WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


€011 dense' 

re solve' 

re mark' 

con fer' 

im mense 

dis solve 

un mask 

trans fer 

de fense 

e volve 

ca bal 

se 9ern 

pre pense 

de volve 

re bel 

con 9ern 

of fense 

re volve 

fare well 

dis cern* 

dis pense 

con volve 

un furl 

sub orn 

pre tense 

a bode 

de form 

a dorn 

col lapse 

un nerve 

re form 

for lorn 

im merse 

ob serve 

in form 

ad journ 

as perse 

sub serve 

con form 

re turn 

dis perse 

de serve 

per form 

fore run 

a verse 

re serve 

trans form 

era vat 

re verse 

pre serve 

con denrn 

co quett 

in verse 

con serve 

in ter 

a baft 

eon verse 

her self 

a ver 

be set 

per verse 

my self 

ab hor 

a loft 

trans verse 

at tach 

oc cur 

un apt 

in dorse 

de tach 

in cur 

con tempt 

re morse 

en rich 

con cur 

at tempt 

un horse 

re trench 

re cur 

a dopt 

dis burse 

in trench 

de mur 

ab rupt 

de terge 

dis patch 

a las 

cor rupt 

di verge 

mis match 

a mend 

a part 

mis give 

a fresh 

de fer 

de part 

out live 

re fresh 

re fer 

im part 

for give 

de bark 

pre fer 

a mong 

ab §olve 

em bark 

in fer 

be long 


The fixed stars are at immense distances from us. They are so 
distant that we can not measure the number of miles. 


When fogs and vapors rise from the earth, and ascend one or 
two miles high, they come to a cold part of the air. The 

* Pronounced diz-zern' . \ Pronounced co-ket'. 

■ —mu. — I'min n i i n .i 'w i n— ■!■■■ ——■—— mt k l m il .W —— 












SPELLING BOOK. 101 

MOVE, 66n, WQLF, FOOT, MOOR, OR J B'P-E, PULL ; E£I8T J €—K ] 4=J J B=Z J £H=BH. 

cold there condenses these vapors into thick clouds, -which 
fall in showers ot rain. 

Noah and his family outlived all the people who lived before 
the flood. 

The brave sailors embark on board of ships, and sail over the 
great and deep sea. 

The time will soon come when we must bid a last farewell to 
this world. 

The bright stars without number adorn the skies. 

When our friends die, they will never return to us; but we 
must soon follow them. 

God will forgive those who repent of their sins, and live a 
holy life. 

Thy testimonies, O Lord, are very sure; holiness becometh 
thine house for ever. 

Do not attempt to deceive God; nor to mock him with solemn 
words, whilst your heart is set to do evil. 

A holy life will disarm death of its sting. 

God will impart grace to the humble penitent. 


No. 110.—CX. 

WORDS OP THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


de mean' or 
re main der 
en tlge ment 
en forge ment 
di vorge ment 
in duge ment 
a gree ment 
en gage ment 
de file ment 
in gite ment 
ex gite ment 
re fine ment 
eon fine ment 
e lope ment 


re tire'ment 
ae quire ment 
im peach ment 
en eroach ment 
eon geal ment 
eon geal ment 
at tain ment 
de po nent 
op po nent 
eom po nent 
ad ja gent 
in de gent 
vlge ge rent 
en roll ment 






102 the elementary 


B2.E, LAST, GARE, FALL, what: hEe, PBgY, 

thEbe; get; bird, marine; link; 

im pru' dent 

de part' ment 

in her ent 

ad just ment 

ad her ent 

in vest ment 

eo her ent 

a but ment 

at tend ant 

as sist ant 

as 9end ant 

in 9es sant 

de fend ant 

re luc tant 

in tes tine§ 

im por tant 

pro bos 9is 

re gist ant 

el lip sis 

in con stant 

syn op sis 

in cum bent 

eom mand ment 

pu tres 9ent 

a mend ment 

trans 9end ent 

bom bard ment 

de pend ent 

en han9e ment 

in dul gent 

ad van9e ment 

re ful gent 

a merce ment 

ef ful gent 

in fringe ment 

e mul gent 

de tach ment 

as trin gent 

at tach ment 

re strin gent 

in trench ment 

e mer gent 

re trench ment 

de ter gent 

re fresh ment 

ab hor rent 

di§ cern ment (-zerrf-) 

con cur rent 

pre fer ment 

con sist ent 

a mass ment 

re §olv ent 

al lot ment 

de lin quent 

a part ment 

re cum bent 


Demeanor signifies behavior or deportment. 
Remainder is that which remains or is left. 

An enticement is that which allures. 

Divorcement signifies an entire separation. 
Elopement is a running away or private departure. 
Impeachment signifies accusation. 

Retirement is a withdrawing from company. 
















SPELLING BOOK. 


103 


MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; RT7LE, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K ; 4=J ; g=Z ; OH=8H. 

A deponent is one who makes oath to any thing. 

A vicegerent is one who governs in place of another. 

A proboscis is a long tube or snout from the mouth or jaw. 

An ellipsis is an omission of a word. 

Amercement is a penalty imposed for a wrong done, not a 
fixed fine, but at the mercy of the court. 

A synopsis is a collective view of things. 

Refulgent is applied to things that shine. 

A contingent event is that which happens, or which is not 
expected in the common course of things. 


WORDS OP THREE 
UNMARKED, IN 
OR SHORTENED 

des 7 o late, v. 
ad vo eate, v. 
ven ti late 
tit il late 
39m til late 
per eo late 
1m mo late 
spee u late 
eal eu late 
9ir eu late 
mod u late 
reg ti late 
un du late 
em u late 
stim u late 
gran u late 
stip u late 
eop u late 
pop ti late 
eon sn late 
sub li mate, v. 
an i mate, v. 


No. 111.—CXI. 

SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. a, 
THE TERMINATION ate, HAS AN OBSCURE 
SOUND OP LONG a, LIKE SHORT e. 

in' ti mate, v. 
es ti mate, v. 


fas 9i nate 
or di nate 
fu.1 mi nate 
nom i nate 
ger mi nate 
per son ate 
pas sion ate 
fort ti nate 
dis si pate 
sep a rate, v. 
9el e brate 
des e erate 
eon se erate 
ex e erate 
ver ber ate 
til 9er ate 
m 5 d er ate, v. 
ag gre gate 
ver te brate 
gen er ate 


ven 7 er ate 
tern per ate 
op er ate 
as per ate 
des per ate 
it er ate 
em i grate 
trans mi grate 
as pi rate, v. 
dee o rate 
per fo rate 
•eor po rate 
pen e trate 
per pe trate 
ar bi trate 
ae eu rate 
lam i nate 
in du rate, v , 
sat u rate 
sus 9i tate 
med i tate 
im i tate 
















104 the elementary 

BAB, LIST, -eARE, F^LL, WH-$.T; HgB, PBgY, Th£rZ J 6ET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK ; 


ir' ri tate 
he§ i tate 
grav i tate 
am pu tate 
ex ca vate 
ag gra vate 
grad u ate 


sal'i vate 
eul ti vate 
cap ti vate 
ren o vate 
in no vate 
ad e quate 
fluct u ate 


sit' u ate 
est u ate 
ex pi ate 
de vi ate 
vi o late 
ru mi nate 
lu eu brate 


An advocate is one who defends the cause or opinions of an¬ 
other, or who maintains a party in opposition to another. 

Ardent spirits stimulate the system for a time, but leave it 
more languid. 

Men often toil all their lives to get property, which their 
children dissipate and waste. 

We should emulate the virtuous actions of great and good 
men. 

Moderate passions are most conducive to happiness, and mod¬ 
erate gains are most likely to be durable. 

Abusive words irritate the passions, but “ a soft answer turn- 
eth away wrath.” 

Discontent aggravates the evils of calamity. 

Violent anger makes one unhappy, but a temperate state of the 
mind is pleasant. 


No. 112.—C XII. 

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. aid, 
UNMARKED, IS SOUNDED AS Ill ? Ot, UNMARKED, AS lit. 


chil' blain 

an' nal§ 

man' ners 

end' less 

vil lain 

en trails 

nip pers 

zeal ous 

mort main 

mit ten§ 

sgis §ors 

jeal ous * 

plant ain 

sum mons 

car cass 

pomp ous 

ver vain 

for geps 

cut lass 

won drous 

€ur tain 

pinch ers 

com pass 

lep rous 

dol phin 

glan ders 

mat rass 

mon strous 

some time§ 

jaun dige 

mat tress 

nerv ous 

tress e§ 

snuf fers 

ab sgess 

t6r ment 

trap ping§ 

stag gers 

lar gess 

vest ment 










SPELLING BOOK. 105 

movb, b6n, wolf, foot, moon, or ; bulk, pull ; ejibt ; e=K ; &=j ; s=z ; oh=sh. 


ser' pent 
tor rent 
cur rent 
ab sent 
pre§ ent 
ad vent 


solv' ent 
eon vent 
fer ment 
sun burnt 
ab bot 
tur bot 


fag' ot 
mag got 
big ot 
spig ot 
in got 
blood shot 


red' hot 
zeal ot 
tap root 
grass plot 
buck et 
bu gloss 


Chilblains are sores caused by cold. 

A curtain is used to hide something from the view. 

The colors of the dolphin in the water are very beautiful. 

The ladies adorn their heads and necks with tresses. 

A matrass is a chemical vessel used for distilling, etc.; but a 
mattress is a quilted bed. 

Annals are history in the order of years. 

A cutlass is a broad curving sword. 

A largess is a donation or gift. 

A bigot is one who is too strongly attached to some religion, 
or opinion. 

An abscess is a collection of matter under the skin. 

Good manners are always becoming; ill manners are evidence 
of low breeding. 

A solvent is that which dissolves something. Warm tea and 
coffee are solvents of sugar. 

Solvent, an adjective, signifies able to pay all debts. 

A summons is a notice or citation to appear. 


No. 113.—C XIII. 

WORDS OP THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. 


cal' o 

mel 

al' co hoi 

gar'ni ture 

cit a 

del 

vit ri ol 

fur ni ture 

in fi del 

par a sol 

sep ul ture 

sen ti 

nel 

si ne cure 

par a dlse 

mack 

er el 

ep i cure 

mer chan dl§e 

cock 

er el 

lig a ture 

en ter prl§e 

cod i 

gil 

sig na ture 

hand ker chief 

dom i 

i cile 

cur va ture 

[hank'er chif ] 

daf fo dil 

for feit ure 

sera i breve 









1Q6 THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, LAST, €ABE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, THERE; GET? BIRD, MARINE; LINK; 


an' ti pode 

Styg' i an 

way' far ing 

rec om pense 

hort u lan 

fu gi tive 

hoi ly hock 

hu§ band man 

pu ni tive 

al ka ll 

gen tie man 

nu tri tive 

hem i sticft 

mus sul man 

e go ti§m 

au to graph 

al der man 
•• 

pro to col 

par a graph 

jour ney man 

du pli cate 

ep i taph 

bish op ric 

ro §e ate 

ay e nue 

cler gy man 

fu mi gate 

rev e nue 

coun try man 

me di ate, v. 

ret i nue 

vet er an 

me di um 

des pot i§m 

al co ran 

o di um 

par ox y§m 

won der ful 
• 

o pi um 

ml ero co§tn 

sor row ful 

pre mi um 

min i mum 

an a gram 

spo li ate 

pend u lum 

ep i gram 

o pi ate 

max i mum 

mon o gram 

o vert ure 

tym pa num 

di a gram 

ju ry man 

pel i can 

u ni verse 

Pu ri tan 

gwar di an 

sea far ing 

phil o mel 

Calomel is a preparation of mercury made by 

sublimation, that 


is, by being raised into vapor by beat and then condensed. 

A citadel is a fortress to defend a city or town. 

A codicil is a supplement or addition to a will. 

An infidel is one who disbelieves revelation. 

An epicure is one who indulges his appetite to excess, and is 
fond of delicacies. 

Alcohol is spirit highly refined by distillation. 

Despotism is tyranny or oppressive government. 

The despotism of government can often be overthrown; but 
for the despotism of fashion there is no remedy. 

A domicile is the place of a man’s residence. 

Mackerel signifies spotted. A mackerel is a spotted fish. 

The glanders is a disease of horses. 

The jaundice is a disease characterized by a yellow skin. 

A loquacious companion is sometimes a great torment. 












SPELLING BOOK. 

107 

MOVE!, BON, WOLF, 

FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, 

pull ; ejist ; €=k : 

; &=j ; g=z; oh=sh. 


No. 114.- 

-CXIV. 


THE SOUND 

of a in all (= 

aw) AND IN 

wliat (= o). 

au 7 thor 
•• 

squan 7 der 

slau#/^ ter 

wan 7 der 

• 

sau 9 y 

plaud it 

al ter 

draw er§ 

gaud y 

brawn y 

fal ter 

wal nut 
• 

taw ny 

quar ry 

quar ter 

eau §ey 

taw dry 

flaw y 

law yer 

pal try 

fault y 

saw pit 

saw yer 

draw back 

pau per 

law suit 

haw thorn 

al most 

squad ron 

wa ter 
•• 

seal lop 

want ing 

sau 9er 

dau gli ter 

wal lop 

war ren 
• 


The saucy stubborn child displeases his parents. 

The peacock is a gaudy, vain, and noisy fowl. 

The skin of the Indian is of a tawny color. 

Paupers are poor people who are supported by a public tax. 
Twenty-five cents are equal to one quarter of a dollar. 

It is the business of a lawyer to give counsel on questions of 
law, and to manage lawsuits. 

Walnuts are the seeds of walnut trees. 

The Tartars wander from place to place without any settled 
habitation. 


No. 115.—C XV. 


WORDS OF TWO 

SYLLABLES, ACCENTED 

ON THE FIRST. 

mis 7 sive 

sprink 7 ling 

go§ 7 ling 

cap tive 

twink ling 

nurs ling 

fes tive 

shil ling 

fat ling 

cos tive 

sap ling 

bant ling 

mag pie 

strip ling 

scant ling 

some thing 

dump ling 

nest ling 

stock ing 

dar ling 

her ring 

mid dling 

star ling 

ob long 

world ling 

ster ling 

head long 











108 

THE ELEMENTARY 

bar, lAst, gAre, fall, th^t; h£k, prey, there; get; 

BIRD, MARINE J LI£K ; 

fur' long 

parch' ment 

plain' tive 

head aehe 

plea§ ant 

mo tive 

tooth aghe 

pea§ ant 

sport ive 

heart aehe 

dis tant 

hire ling 

os trich 

in stant 

year ling 

gal lant 

e 5 n stant 

day spring 

dor mant 

ex tant 

tri umph 

ten ant 

sex tant 

tri glyph 

preg nant 

lam bent 

tru ant 
• • 

rem nant 

ae gent 

ar dent 

pen nant 

ad vent 

mas sive 

flip pant 

eres gent 

pas sive 

quad rant 

ser aph 

stat ue 

ar rant 

sta tive 

stat ute 

war rant 
• 

na tive 

virt ue 


No. 116.—CXVI. 


WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED 

ON THE FIRST. 

mo' tion {-shun) frae' tion 

une' tion 

no tion 

trae tion 

fune tion 

lo tion 

men tion 

june tion 

po tion 

pen sion 

sue tion 

por tion 

ges sion 

spon sion 

na tion 

ten sion 

tor sion 

ra tion 

mer sion 

mis sion 

sta tion 

ver sion 

eap tion 

man sion 

ses sion 

op tion 

pas sion 

lee tion 

flee tion 

fae tion 

die tion 

aue tion 

ae tion 

fie tion 

eau tion 

Lection is a 

reading, and lecture is a discourse. 

Lectures on chemistry are delivered in our colleges. 

A lotion is a 

washing or a liquid preparation. 

A ration is an allowance daily for a soldier. 

















I 


SPELLING BOOK. 109 

HOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, PULL ; EJI8T J € = K 4=J ; 8 = Z ; OH = 6IL 

A mansion is a place of residence, or dwelling. 

A fraction is a part of a whole number. 

Fiction is a creature of the imagination. 

Caution is prudence in the avoidance of evil. 

Auction is a sale of goods by outcry to the highest bidder. 
Option is choice. It is at our option to make ourselves re¬ 
spectable or contemptible. 

No. 117.—C XVII. 


WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


su prem' a 9y 
the oe ra 9y 
de moe ra 9 y 
eon spir a 9y 
ge 6g ra phy 
bi og ra phy 
eo§ mog ra phy 
ste nog ra phy 
zo og ra phy 
to pog ra phy 
ty pog ra phy 
hy drog ra phy 
phi los o phy 
a ead e my 
e eon o my 
a nat o my 
zo ot o my 
e piph a ny 
phi lan thro py 
mis an thro py 
pe riph e ry 
ar til le ry 
hy drop a thy 
de liv er y 
dis eov er y 


eom pul' so ry 
ol fae to ry 
re frae to ry 
re fee to ry 
di ree to ry 
eon sis to ry 
1 dol a try 
ge om e try 
im men si ty 
pro pen si ty 
ver bos i ty 
ad ver si ty 
di ver si ty 
ne 9es si ty 
I den ti ty 
eon eav i ty 
de prav i ty 
Ion gev i ty 
ae eliv i ty 
na tiv i ty 
ae tiv i ty 
eap tiv i ty 
fes tiv i ty 
per plex i ty 
eon vex i ty 


pro lix' i ty 
nn 9er tain ty 
im mod est y 
dig /^on est y 
so 111 o quy 
hu man i ty 
a men i ty 
se ren i ty 
vi 9m i ty 1 
af fin i ty 
di vin i ty 
in dem ni ty 
so lem ni ty 
fra ter ni ty 
e ter ni ty 
bar bar i ty 
vul gar i ty 
dis par i ty 
9e leb ri ty 
a lae ri ty 
sin 9er i ty 
9e ler i ty 
te mer i ty 
in teg ri ty 
dis til ler y 










110 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, lAst, gark, rALL, wh^t; her, prey, there; get; bird, marine; link; 


The government 


Theocracy is government by God himself. 

of the Jews was a theocracy. 

Democracy is a government by the people. 

Hydropathy, or water cure, is a mode of treating diseases by 
the copious use of pure water. 

Geography is a description of the earth. 

Biography is a history of a person’s life. 

Cosmography is a description of the world. 

Stenography is the art of writing in shorthand. 

Zoography is a description of animals; but zoology means the 
same thing, and is generally used. 

Topography is the exact delineation of a place or region. 
Typography is the art of printing with types. 

Hydrography is the description of seas and other waters, or 


the art of forming charts. 


Philanthropy is the love of mankind; but misanthropy signi¬ 
fies a hatred of mankind. 

The olfactory nerves are the organs of smell. 

Idolatry is the worship of idols. Pagans worship gods of 
wood and stone. These are their idols. But among Chris¬ 
tians many persons worship other sorts of idols. Some wor¬ 
ship a gay and splendid dress, consisting of silks and mus¬ 
lins, gauze and ribbons ; some worship pearls and diamonds ; 
but all excessive fondness for temporal things is idolatry. 


No. 118.—CXVIII. 


WORDS OP FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


ju rid'i cal 
con viv i al 
di ag o nal 
pen tag o nal 
tra di tion al 
in ten tion al 
per pet u al 
ha bit u al 
e vent u al 
un mer <p fill 


fa nat' i 9i§m 
ex or di um 
mil len ni um 
re pub lie an 
me rid i an 
un nat u ral 
eon jeet ur al 
$en trip e tal 
eon tin u al 
ef feet u al 


ob liv' 


1 on 


m eog ni to 


eo part ner ship 
dis sim i lar 
ver nae u lar 
o rae ular 
or bie u lar 
par tie u lar 


ir reg u lar 


bi valv u lar 









SPELLING BOOK. 


Ill 


MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; RULE, PULL ; EJIST ; € = K ; 4 = J ; |=Z ; OH — BEL 


un pop 7 u lar 
trl an gu lar 
pa rish /on er 
di am e ter 
ad min is ter 
em bas sa dor 
pro gen i tor 
eom po§ i tor 
me trop o lis 
e phem e ris 


a nal 7 y sis 
de lir i ous 
in dus tri ous 
il lus tri ous 
las 91V i ous 
ob liv i ous 
a 110m a lous 
e pit o mlze 
a pos ta tize 
im mor tal ize 


ex tem 7 po re 
en tab la ture 
dis eom fit ure 
pro eon sul ship 
dis eon so late 
a pos to late 
ob se qui ous 
oe ea §ion al 
pro por tion al 
heb dom a dal 


No. 119.—C XIX. 


WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 11, 
UNMARKED, IN llte, DOES NOT HAVE ITS FULL LONG 
SOUND. 


as sim'i late 
prog nos tie ate 
per am bu late 
e jae u late 
im mae u late 
ma trie u late 
ges tie u late 
in oe u late 
eo ag u late 
de pop 11 late 
eon grat ti late 
ea pit u late 
ex post u late 
a mal ga mate 
e^ hil a rate 
le git i mate, v. 
ap prox i mate 
eon eat e nate 
sub or di nate, v. 
o riff i nate 


eon tam'i nate 
dis sem i nate 
re erim i nate 
a bom i nate 
pre dom i nate 
in tem per ate 
re gen er ate, v. 
eo op er ate 
e£ as per ate 
eom mi§ er ate 
in vet er ate 
re it er ate 
ob lit er ate 
e vae u ate 
at ten u ate, v 0 
ex ten u ate 
in ad e quate 
ef feet u ate 
per pet u ate 
as sas sin ate 












112 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, LAST, €iRE, F^LL, WH^TJ HSR, PRBY, Th£rE? GET ; BIRD, MARINE? LINK? 


pro eras' ti nate 
pre des ti nate, v. 
eom pas sion ate, v. 
dis pas sion ate 
af fee tion ate 
un fort u nate 
e man $i pate 
de lib er ate, v. 
in ear 9er ate 
eon fed er ate, v. 
eon sid er ate 
pre pon der ate 
im mod er ate 
ae 9&I er ate 


in die' a tive 
pre rog a tive 
ir rel a tive 
ap pel la tive 
eon tern pla tive 
sn per la tive 
al ter na tive 
de elar a tive 
eom par a tive 
im per a tive 
in dem ni fy 
per son i fy 
re stor a tive 
dis qual i fy 


No. 120.—C XX. 

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


al lu' vi on 
pe tro le um 
9e ru le an 
le vi a than 
li bra ri an 
a gra ri an 
pre ea ri ous 
vi ea ri ous 
ne fa ri ous 
gre ga ri ous 
o va ri ous 
op pro bri ous 


sa lu' bri ous 
im pe ri ous 
mys te ri ous 
la bo ri ous 
in glo ri ous 
9en so ri ous 
vie to ri ous 
no to ri ous 
u^ o ri ous 
in ju ri ous 
pe nu ri ous 
u §u ri ous* 




lu^ u'ri ous 
vo lu mi nous 
o be di ent 
ex pe di ent 
in gre di ent 
im mu ni ty 
eom mu ni ty 
im pu ni ty 
eom pla 9en 9y 
in de 9en 9y 
di plo ma 9y 
trans par en 9y 


A library is a collection of books. 

A librarian is a person who has charge of a library. 

The laborious bee is a pattern of industry. 

That is precarious which is uncertain. Life and health are 
precarious. 

* Pronounced yoo-zhoo' ri-ous. 














SPELLING BOOK. 


113 


MOTB, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR 5 RULE, PULL; EJIST ; € = K *, 6 —J ; j} = Z ; OH=BH. 

Vicarious punishment is that which one person suffers in the 
place of another. 

Gregarious animals are such as herd together, as sheep and 
goats. 

Salubrious air is favorable to health. 

A covetous man is called penurious. 

Escape or exemption from punishment is impunity. 

Do nothing that is injurious to religion, to morals, or to the 
interest of others, 

We speak of the transparency of glass, water, etc. 

No. 121.—C XXI. 

WORDS OF SEVEN SYLLABLES, HAVING THE ACCENT ON THE 

FIFTH. 


im ma te ri ab i ty 
in di vi§ i bil i ty 
in di vid u al i ty 
in Gom pat i bil i ty 
in de struct i bil i ty 
im per 9ep ti bil i ty 
ir re gist i bil i ty 
in eom bus ti bil i ty 


im pen e tra bib i ty 
in el i gi bil i ty 
im mal le a bil i ty 
per pen die u lar i ty 
in eom press i bil i ty 
in de fen si bil i ty 
val e tu di na ri an 
an ti trin i ta ri an 


WORDS OF EIGHT SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SIXTH. 

un in tel li gi bib i ty in eom pre hen si bibi ty 

The immateriality of the soul has rarely been disputed. 

The indivisibility of matter is supposed to be demonstrably 
false. 

It was once a practice in France to divorce husband and wife 
for incompatibility of tempers; a practice soon found to be 
incompatible with social order. 

The incompressibility of water has been disproved. 

We can not doubt the incomprehensibility of the divine attri¬ 
butes. 

Stones are remarkable for their immalleability. 

The indestructibility of matter is generally admitted. 

Asbestus is noted for its incombustibility. 

A valetudinarian is a sickly person. 








114 THE ELEMENTARY 

BAB, LAST, €AEE, F^LL, WH^TJ HER, PREY, THERE; GET*, BIRD, MARINE; LINK; 

No. 122.—C XXII. 

WORDS IN WHICH til HAS ITS ASPIRATED SOUND. 


e' ther 

jacinth 

the' sis 

ze' nitli 

thick' et 

thiin' der 

this' t\e 

thros' t\e 

throt' tie 

thirst' y 

thrift' y 

length' wi§e 

threat' en ing 

au' thor 
•• 

au' thor ize 
au th 5 r' i ty 
au thor' i ta tive 
meth' od 
an' them 
diph' thong 

[dif thong ] 

eth' ies 

pan' ther 

Sab' bath 

thim' ble 

Thur§' day 

triph' thong 

in thrall' 

•• 

a thwart' 
be troth' 
thir' ty 


thor' ough 
thir' teen 
thou' §and 
a' the i§m 
the'o ry 
the' o rem 
hy'a 9inth 
eath' o lie 
ap' o the^m 
thun' der bolt 
ep' i tliet 
lab' y rinth 
leth' ar gy 
pleth' o ry 
pleth' o rie 
sym' pa thy 
am'a ranth 
am' e thyst 
ap' a thy 
aes thet' ies 
thir' ti eth 
syn'the sis 
pan the'on 
e the' re al 
can' tha ris 
ea the' dral 
ii re' thra 
au then'tie 
pa thet' ie 
syn thet' ie 
a ean' thus 


ath let' ie 
me theg'lin 
ea thar' tie 
a the ist' ie 
the o ret'ie al 
me thod'ie al 
math e mat' ies 
le vi' a than 
en thu' §i a§m 
an tip' a thy 
a nth'me tie 
an tith' e sis 
mis an' thro py 
phi lan' thro py 
ean thar'i de§ 
the oe' ra qj 
the ol'o gy 
the od' o lite 
ther mom'e ter 
ea tliol' i eon 
my thol' o gy 
or thog' ra phy 
hy poth' e sis 
li thog' ra phy 
li thot' o my 
a poth' e ea ry 
ap o the'o sis 
pol' y the i§m 
bib li o the' eal 
ieh thy 61' o gy 
or ni thol' o gy 










SPELLING BOOK. * 115 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, PULL ; E^IST ] € = K ’, 6=J ; g = Z ; OH-“SO, 

No. 123.—C XXIII. 


WOEDS IN 

WHICH til HAS ITS 

VOCAL SOUND. 

ei' f her 

neth' er 

broth' er 

nei ther 

wefh er 

wor thy ( wur thy) 

hea then 

pnfh ee 

moth er 

elofh ier (-yer) 

bur then 

smoth er 

rath er 

south ern 

oth er 

fafh om 

teth er 

with er§ 

gafh er 

thith er 

be neath' 

kith er 

with er 

be queath 

fur ther 

lath eT 

with draw 

brefh ren 

fa ther 

an oth' er 

whlfh er 

far thing 

to geth er 

wheth er 

fur thest 

there with al' 

leath er 
feath er 

poth er 
broth el 

nev er the less 


The heathen are those people who worship idols, or who know 
not the true God. 

Those who enjoy the light of the gospel, and neglect to observe 
its precepts, are more criminal than the heathen. 

All mankind are brethren, descendants of common parents. 
How unnatural and wicked it is to make war on our breth¬ 
ren, to conquer them, or to plunder and destroy them. 

It is every man’s duty to bequeath to his children a rich 
inheritance of pious precepts. 


No. 124.—C XXIV. 


WOEDS OF THBEE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. 


ae eom'plish 
es tab lish 
em bel lish 
a bol ish 
re plen ish 


di min'ish 
ad mon ish 
pre mon ish 
as ton ish 
dis tin guish 


ex tin'guish 
re lin quish 
ex eul pate 
eon trib ute 
re mon strange 













116 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAR, lAst, gAre, fall, what; ngB, PERT, th£re; get; bied, marine; link; 


em broid' er 
re join der 

ADJECTIVES. 

e nor mous 
di§ as trous 


mo ment'ous 
por tent ous 
a bun dant 
re dun dant 
dis eor dant 


trl umph' ant 
as sail ant 
so no rous 
a 9e tous 
eon ea vous 


A man who saves the fragments of time, will accomjjlish a 
great deal in the course of his life. 

The most refined education does not embellish the human 
character like piety. 

Laws are abolished by the same power that made them. 

Wars generally prove disastrous to all parties. 

We are usually favored with abundant harvests. 

Most persons are ready to exculpate themselves from blame. 
Discordant sounds are harsh, and offend the ear. 


No. 125.— 

WORDS OF FIVE SYLLABLES, 

in ter me' di ate 
dis pro por tion ate 
9er e mo ni al 
mat ri mo ni al 
pat ri mo ni al 
an ti mo ni al 
tes ti mo ni al 
im ma te ri al 
mag is te ri al 
min is te ri al 
im me mo ri al 
sen a to ri al 
die ta to ri al 
e qua to ri al 
in ar tie u late 
il le git i mate 
in de term in ate 


cxxv. 

ACCENTED ON THE THIKD. 

e qui pon'der ate 
par ti 9ip i al 
in di vid u al 
in ef feet u al 
in tel leet u al 
pu sil lan i mous 
dis in gen u ous 
in sig nif i eant 
e qui pon der ant 
9ir eum am bi ent 
an ni ver sa ry 
par lia ment a ry 
tes ta ment a ry 
al i ment a ry 
sup pie ment a ry 
el e ment a ry 
sat is fae to ry 











SPELLING BOOK. 


117 


move, b6n, wqlf, foot, moor, OB; bjtlb, pyLL ; exist ; €=k ; 4= j ; g=z ; oh=sq. 


con tra dip' to ry 
val e die to ry 
in tro duo to ry 
trig o nom e try 
a re om e try 
mis 9el la ne ous 
sub ter ra ne ous 
sue ge da ne ous 
si mul ta ne ous 
in stall ta ne ous 


hom o ge' ne ous 
eon tu me li ous 
ae ri mo ni ous 
par si mo ni ou 3 
del e te ri ous 
mer i to ri ous 
dis o be di ent 
in ex pe di ent 
eon ti nu i ty 
lm pro prl e ty 


Senate originally signified a council of elders; for the Romans 
committed the public concerns to men of age and experience. 
The maxim of wise men was—old men for counsel, young 
men for war. But in modern times the senatorial dignity is 
not always connected with age. 

The bat is the intermediate link between quadrupeds and 
fowls. The orang-outang is intermediate between man and 
quadrupeds. 

Bodies of the same kind or nature are called homogeneous. 

Reproachful language is contumelious or contemptuous. 

Bitter and sarcastic language is acrimonious. 

Simultaneous acts are those which happen at the same time. 

Many things are lawful which are not expedient. 

No. 126.—C XX VI. 


delve 

cash 

smash 

pish 

text 

twelve 

dash 

rash 

wish 

twixt 

nerve 

gash 

erash 

gush 

minx 

curve 

hash 

trash 

hush 

sphinx 

elf 

lash 

flesh 

blush 

change 

shelf 

flash 

mesh 

erush 

mange 

self 

plash 

fresh 

frush 

range 

pelf 

slash 

dish 

tush 

grange 

&sh 

mash 

fish 

next 

forge 











118 

THE 

ELEMENTARY 


BAR, lAst, gare, fall, what; 

HER, PREY, THERE J GET ; BIRD, 

marine; link; 

baste 

flute 

light 

night 

frounge 

chaste 

mute 

blight 

wight 

rounce 

baste 

brute 

plight 

right 

trounge 

waste 

fight 

sight 

tight 

cM§m 

lute 

bright 

slight 

blowze 

pri§m 


MONOSYLLABLES WITH 

til VOCAL. 


the 

fhy 

them 

tithe 

smooth 

£ho§e 

then 

thenge 

lithe 

soothe 

this 

thus 

thege 

writhe 

they 

that 

thou 

than 

sgythe 

there 

thine 

thee 

blithe 

tho ugli 

their 


THE FOLLOWING, WHEN NOUNS, HAVE THE ASPIRATED SOUND 
OF til IN THE SINGULAR NUMBER, AND THE VOCAL IN THE 
PLURAL. 

bath ba£h$ swath swa£h§ month mouthg 

lath la£h$ cloth clo£h§ wreath wreathg 

path pafh§ moth mo£h§ sheath sheathg 

Twelve things make a dozen. 

,To delve is to dig in the ground. 

When the nerves are affected the hands shake. 

Turf is a clod of earth held together by the roots of grass. 

Surf is the swell of the sea breaking on the shore. 

Cash formerly meant a chest, but it now signifies money. 

An elf is an imaginary being or a being of the fancy. 

A flash of lightning som times hurts the eyes. 

Flesh is the soft part of animal bodies. 

Blushes often manifest modesty, sometimes shame. 

Great and sudden changes sometimes do hurt. 

A grange is a farm and farmhouse. 

A forge is a place where iron is hammered. 

A rounce is the handle of a printing press. 

To frounce is to curl or frizzle, as the hair. 

Great haste often makes waste. 

It is no more right to steal apples or watermelons from an¬ 
other’s garden or orchard, than it is to steal money from 
his desk. Besides, it is the meanest of all low tricks to 











SPELLING BOOK. 


119 


MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, PULL ; EXIST J €=K ; 4==J ; § = Z ; OH=8H. 


creep into a man’s inclosure to take his property. How 
much more manly is it to ask a friend for cherries, peaches, 
pears, or melons, than it is to sneak privately into his orchard 
and steal them. How must a boy, and much more a man, 
blush to be detected in so mean a trick! 

No. 127.—CXXVII. 

IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, ll IS PRONOUNCED BEFORE W ? 

thus whale is pronounced hwale; when, hwen. 


whale 

whet 

whiz 

whip stock 

wheat 

which 

where 

whis per 

wharf 

•• 

whilk 

whey 

whis ky 

what 

whiff 

wher' ry 

whis ker 

wheel 

whig 

whefh er 

whis de 

wheeze 

whim 

whet stone 

whifh er 

whee' die 

whin 

whif fie 

whit low 

whine 

whip 

whig gish 

whit tie 

while 

whelm 

whig gigrn 

whirl 

white 

whelp 

whim per 

whirl pool 

whi' ten 

when 

whim gey 

whirl wind 

white wash 

whenge 

whin ny 

whirl bat 

whi tish 

whisk 

whip cord 

whirl i gig 

whi ting 

whist 

whip graft 

wharf age 

why 

whit 

whip saw 

wharf in ger 


IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS VV IS SILENT. 

who who ev' er 

•• •• 

whom who so ev'er 

who§e whom so ev'er 

whole whole' sale 

whoop whole some 

Whales are the largest of marine animals. They afford us oil 
for lamps and other purposes. 

Wheat is a species of grain that grows in most climates, and 
the flour makes our finest bread. 














120 THE ELEMENTARY 

BAB, LIST, ei.BE, F,4LL, WII 41 T; HER, PRgY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LI£K; 

Wharves are structures built for the convenience of lading 
and unlading ships. 

Wheels are most admirable instruments of conveyance; carts, 
wagons, gigs, and coaches run on wheels. 

Whey is the thin watery part of milk. 

Bad boys sometimes know what a whip is by their feelings. 
This is a kind of knowledge which good boys dispense with. 

White is not so properly a color as a want of all color. 

One of the first things a little boy tries to get is a knife, that 
he may whittle with it. If he asks for a knife and it is 
refused, he is pretty apt to whimper. 

The love of whisky has brought many a strong fellow to a 
disgraceful death. 

Whiskers are thought by some to afford protection to the 
throat in cold weather. 


No. 128.—CXXVIII. 


IN THE FOLLOWING 

WORDS, X PASSES 

INTO THE SOUND OF gZ 

eg aet 7 

eg ag'ger ate 

eg or 7 di um 

eg alt 7 

eg am 7 me 

eg ot 7 ie 

eg ernpt 7 

eg am 7 pie 
eg an 7 i mate 

eg em 7 plar 

eg ert 7 

eg 7 em pla ry 

eg haust 7 

eg as 7 per ate 

eg em 7 pli fy 
eg emp 7 tion 

eg hort 7 

eg ee 7 u tive 

eg lie 7 , v. 

eg ee 7 u tor 

eg on 7 er ate 

eg 1st 7 

eg ee 7 u trix 

eg or 7 bi tange 

eg ult 7 

eg lnb 7 it 

eg or 7 bi tant 

eg hale 7 

eg ist 7 eii9e 

eg u 7 ber ant 


The word exact is an adjective signifying nice, accurate, or 
precise; it is also a verb signifying to demand, require, or 
compel to yield. 

Astronomers can, by calculating, foretell the exact time of an 
eclipse, or of the rising and setting of the sun. 

It is useful to keep very exact accounts. 

A king or a legislature must have power to exact taxes or 
duties to support the government. 

An exordium is a preface or preamble. 






SPELLING BOOK. 121 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR; RUXE, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K ; 6=J ; 8 = Z ; OB=8lL 

“ Take away your exactions from my people.” Ezek. xlv. 9. 

To exist signifies to be, or to have life. The soul is immortal; 
it will never cease to exist. 

We must not exalt ourselves, nor exult over a fallen rival. 

It is our duty to exert our talents in doing good. 

We are not to expect to be exempt from evils. 

Exhort one another to the practice of virtue. 

Water is exhaled from the earth in vapor, and in time the 
ground is exhausted of water. 

An exile is one who is.banished from his country. 

In telling a story be careful not to exaggerate. 

Examine the Scriptures daily and carefully, and set an example 
of good works. 

An executor is one appointed by a will to settle an estate after 
the death of the testator who makes the will. 

The President of the United States is the chief executive officer 
of the government. 

Officers should not exact exorbitant fees for their services. 

Charitable societies exhibit proofs of much benevolence. 

The earth often produces exuberant crops. 

Every man wishes to be exonerated from burdensome services. 


No. 129.—C XXIX. 


IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, tiail AND tlOll ARE PRONOUNCED 

NEARLY Cllllll. 


bas' tion 
■Chris tian 
mix tion 
ques tion 


fus' tian 
con ges' tion 
di ges tion 
ad mix tion 


com bus'tion 
in di ges' tion 
e£ haus' tion 
sug ges tion 


IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, I IN AN UNACCENTED SYLLABLE 
AND FOLLOWED BY A VOWEL, HAS A LIQUID SOUND, LIKE 

y consonant; thus aiien is pronounced al'yen, and 
clothier , cloth' yer. 

al' ien {-yen) sav' ior {-yur) sen' ior {-yur) 

court ier pav ior bil ious 

cloth ier jun ior bill ion 








122 the elementary 

BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, HER, PREY, THERE J GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK J 

bill 7 iardg 

val 7 iant 

eom pan 7 ion 

eull ion 

on ion 

ras eal ion 

mill ion 

bull ion 

do min ion 

min ion 

al ien ate 

mo dill ion 

mill iontli 

bil ia ry 

o pin ion 

pill ion 

brill ian qy 

re bell ion 

pin ion 

brill iant ly 

re bell ious 

ron ion 

mil ia ry 

91 vil ian 

seull ion 

val iant ly 

dis un ion 

trill ion 

val iant ness 

be hav ior 

trunn ion 

eom mundon 

pe eul iar 

brill iant 

ver mil ion 

in ta$l io 

fil ial 

pa vil ion 

se ra^l io 

eoll ier 

pos till ion 

fa mil iar Tze 

pann ier 

fa mil iar 

0 pin ion ist 

pon iard 

bat tal ion 

0 pin ion a ted 


No. 130.—C XXX 


IN THE FOLLOWING 

WORDS, THE SYLLABLES Sier AND ZiCI* 

ARE PRONOUNCED 

zlicr or zlitir, siou are pronounced 

Zllllll, AND sia 

are pronounced zlia. 

bra/ gier 

pro fu / gion 

il lu 7 gion 

gla zier 

a bra gion 

in fu gion 

gra zier 

eol lu gion 

in va gion 

ho gier 

eon elu gion 

suf fu gion 

o gier 

eon fu gion 

dis sua gion 

ero gier 

eor ro gion 

per sua gion 

fu gion 

oe ea gion 

am bro gia 

af fu 7 gion 

per va gion 

am bro gial 

eo he gion 

e lu gion 

ob tru gion 

ad he gion 

dif fu gion 

de tru gion 

de lH gion 

dis plo gion 

in tru gion 

e ro gion 

ex plo gion 

pro tru gion 

e va gion 

ef fu gion 

ex tru gion 











SPELLING BOOK. 

MQVE, bon, WOLF, FOOT. MOON, OB ; BULB, PULL; EJI8T ; €=K ; 6=J 


_123 

f=z; OH=SH. 


IN SOME OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS, THE TERMINATING SYL¬ 
LABLE IS PRONOUNCED zllllll, AND IN OTHERS THE YOWEL 
1 MAY BE CONSIDERED TO HAVE THE SOUND OF y. 


ab sgig'gion 
eol lig ion 
de gig ion 
de rig ion 
e lig ion 
pre gig ion 


pro vig 7 ion 
re vig ion 
re sgig ion 
eon gig ion 
ex gig ion 
di vig ion 


in gig'ion 
mis prig ion 
pre vig ion 
e lyg ian 
glr eum gig 7 ion 
sub di vig ion 


No. 131.—C XXXI. 


WORDS IN WHICH C BEFORE ll HAS THE SOUND OF k. 


■Christ 

ehem 7 ist 

an 7 eho rite 

ehyle 

■Christ mas 

areh i teet 

seheme 

■Chris tian 

areh i trave 

aehe 

dis tieh 

areh e type 

ehagm 

eeh o 

hep tar ehy 

ehrigm 

ehron ie 

maeh i nate 

ehord 

sehed ule 

■Chris ten dom 

ehyme 

pas ehal 

braeh i al 

loeh 

ehol er 

laeh ry mal 

sehool 

eh6 rist 

sae eha rine 

ehoir (hmr) 

sehol ar 

syn ehro nigm 

eho 7 rus 

mon areh 

Mieh ael mas 

eho ral 

stom aeh 

ehor is ter 

ar ehiveg 

an 7 ar ehy 

ehron i ele 

eha os 

ehrys o lite 

or ehes tra 

ep oeh 

ehar ae ter 

pa tri areh 

i ehor 

eat e ehigm 

eu eha rist 

o eher 

pen ta teueh 

ehi me 7 ra 

tro ehee 

sep ul eher 

pa ro ehi al 

an ehor 

teeh nie al 

eha me le on 













124 * the elementary 

. BAB, LAST, «ArE, FALL, WH^T? HER, PB®T, THERE; 6KT; BIRD, MARINE? LINK J 


ehro mat' ie 
me ehan ie 
eha ot ie 
seho las tie 
ea ehex y 
eha lyb e ate 
a naeh ro ni§m 


syn ee' do elie 
mo nareh ie al 
bron ehot o my 
ehro nol o gy 
ehi rog ra phy 
eho rog ra phy 
ehro nom e ter 


the om' a ehy 
mel'an eholy 
pa tri areh y 
hi er areh y 
61 i gar ehy 
eat e ehet' ie al 
ieh thy 61 o gy 


Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no 
other. 

Chyle is the milky fluid separated from food by digestion, and 
from this are formed blood and nutriment for the support 
of animal life. 

An epoch is a fixed point of time from which years are reck¬ 
oned. The departure of the Israelites from Egypt is a 
remarkable epoch in their history. 

A patriarch is the father of a family. Abraham was the great 
patriarch of the Israelites. 

Sound striking against an object and returned, is an echo. 

The stomach is the great laboratory of animal bodies, in which 
food is digested and prepared for entering the proper ves¬ 
sels, and nourishing the body. If the stomach is impaired 
and does not perform its proper functions, the whole body 
suffers. 


No. 132.—C XX XII. 

WORDS IN WHICH gf, BEFORE e, 1 AND y, HAS ITS HARD OR 

CLOSE SOUND. 


gear 

ea' ger 

era g' ged 

gib' bous 

geese 

me a ger 

dig ger 

gid dy 

geld 

gew gaw 

dig ging 

gig gle 

gift 

ti ger 

rig ging 

gig gling 

give 

to ged 

rigged (rigd) 

gig gler 

gig 

big gin 

rig ger 

giz zard 

gild 

brag ger 

flag ging 

gim let 

gimp 

dag ger 

flag gy 

girl ish 

gird 

crag gy 

sSggy 

jag ged 

girth 

buggy 

gib ber ish 

jaggy 

















SPELLING BOOK. 125 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR; RULE, POLL; EXIST ; € = K ; €> = J { S = Z ; OH=BH. 


legged * twigged * 
leg'gin twig'gy 
pig ger 7 wag ging 
quag gy wag gish 
rag ged au ger 
trig ger bog gy 
serag ged fog gy 
serag gy elogged* 
shag gy elog ging 
shag ged elog gy 
slug gish eogged * 
lug ger bag 7 gy 
snag ged dog ged 
snag gy dog gish 
sprig gy jogged* 
stagger jog 7 ging 
staggers jog ger 


nog^gin gag 7 ging 
tar get bragged * 
flogged * brag 7 ging 

flog 7 ging bag ging 
gift ed geld ing 
hugged* gild ing 
hug ging gild ed 
shrugged* gild er 
shrug 7 ging swag ger 
rug ged swag gy 
tugged* gird le 
tug 7 ging gird er 
lugged * be gin 7 
lug 7 ging wagged * 
mug gy wag' ger y 

fagged * log ger head 

fag 7 ging to geth 7 er 


No. 133.—CXXXIII. 


m THE FOLLOWING, C OR g" ENDING A SYLLABLE HAYING A 
PRIMARY OR A SECONDARY ACCENT, IS SOUNDED AS S AND 
j RESPECTIVELY. 


mag 7 ie 

tag 7 it 

pag 7 i fy 

trag ie 

ag i tate 

pag i nal 

ag lie 

leg i ble 

reg i gide 

ag id 

vig i lant 

reg i men 

dig it 

reg i ment 

reg is ter 

fag ile 

preg e dent 

sp e 9 i fy 

frag ile 

preg i pige 

mag er ate 

frig id 

reg i pe 

mag is trate 

rig id 

deg i mal 

mag is tra gy 

plag id 

deg i mate 

trag e dy 

Vig ll 

lag er ate 

vig i nage 


* The starred words are pronounced as one syllable. 









126 THE elementary 

BAR, LAST, €AKK, FALL, 

wn.yr; her, prey, there 

get; bird, marine; link; 

veg' e tate 

par tig'i pate 

au then tig' i ty 

veg e ta ble 

sim plig i ty 

e las tig i ty 

1 w • • 

lOg 1C 

me dig i nal 

du o deg i mo 

prog ess 

so lig i tude 

in ca pag i tate 

cog i tate 

trl plig i ty 

ab o rig i nal 

prog e ny 

ver tig i ty 

ec gen trig i ty 

il lie' it 

rus tig i ty 

mu gi lag i nous 

im plig it 

ex ag ger ate 

mul ti plig i ty 

e lig it 

mor dag i ty 

per spi cag i ty 1 

ex plig it 

pub lig i ty 

per ti nag i ty 

so lig it 

o pag i ty 

tag i tur ni ty 

im ag Ine 

ra pag i ty 

mag is te ri al 

an dag i ty 

sa gag i ty 

a trog' i ty 

ca pag i ty 

bel lig er ent 

fe rog i ty 

fu gag i ty 

o rig i nal 

ve log i ty 

lo quag i ty 

ar mig er ous 

r hi nog e ros 

men dag i ty 

ver tig i nous 

reg i prog' i ty 

il leg i ble 

re frig er ate 

im ag in a' tion 

o rig i nate 

reg i ta/ tion 

ex ag ger a tion 

so lig i tor 

veg e ta tion 

re frig er a tion 

fe lig i ty 

ag i ta tion 

so lig i ta tion 

mu nig i pal 

cog i ta tion 

fe lig i ta tion 

an tig i pate 

o le ag i nous 

leg er de main' 


No. 134.—CXXXIV. 

WORDS UN WHICH 

ce, cl, ti and si, 

ARE SOUNDED AS Sll. 

Gre' cian 

con' scienge 

nup' tial E 

gra cious 

cap tious 

par tial 1 

spa cious 

fac tious 

es sen' tial 

spe cious 

fie tious 

po ten tial 

spe cie§ 

lus cious 

pro vin cial 

so cial 

frac tious 

pru den tial 

gen tian 

cau tious 
•• 

com mer cial 

ter tian 

con scious 

im par tial 


















SPELLING BOOK. 127 

MOVE, SON, WOLE, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, PULL ; EXIST 

; e=K ; q=j ; |=z; on=8iL 

sub stan'tial 

fe ro 7 cious 

li 9en 7 tious 

eon fi den 7 tial 

lo qua cious 

in eau tious 

pen i ten tial 

ra pa cious 

ef fi ea 7 cious 

prov i den tial 

sa ga cious 

os ten ta tious 

rev e ren tial 

te na cious 

per spi ea cious 

e qui noe tial 

vex a tious 

per ti na cious 

in flu en tial 

vi va cious 

eon sci en tious 

pes ti len tial 

vo ra cious 

pa 7 tient 

au da/ cious 

ve ra cious 

quo tient 

ea pa cious 

erus ta ceous 

an cient 

fa 9e tious 

eon ten tious 

tran sient 

fal la cious 

in fee tious 

par ti al 7 i ty 

a tro cious 

sen ten tious 

im par ti al 7 i ty 

No. 135.—C XXXV. 

WORDS IN WHICH Cl 

AND ti ARE SOUNDED AS Sll, AND TN 

PRONUNCIATION ARE UNITED TO THE PRECEDING SYLLABLE. 

pre 7 cious (preM- 

) mo ni 7 tion 

ma gi 7 cian 

spe cial (apish' al) 

mu ni tion 

ma li cious 

VI cious 

eon tri tion 

mi li tia 

ad di 7 tion 

at tri tion 

mu §i cian 

am bi tion 

nu tri tion 

of fi cial 

aus pi cious 

eog ni tion 

pa tri cian 

of fi cious 

ig ni tion 

par ti tion 

ea pri cious 

eon di tion 

per di tion 

nu tri tious 

de fi cient 

per ni cious 

de li cious 

de li cious 

pe ti tion 

am bi tious 

dis ere tion 

pro fi cient 

fae ti tious 

e di tion 

phy gi cian 

fie ti tious 

ef fi cient 

po gi tion 

den ti tion 

fla gi tious 

pro pi tious 

fru i tion 

fru i tion 

se di tion 

es pe cial 

ju di cial 

se di tious 

op ti cian 

lo gi cian 

sol sti tial 







128 


THE ELEMENTARY 


bar, lAbt, gAre, fall, itkr, pbbt, there; get; bird, marine; link; 


suf f I' cient 
sus pi cious 
vo li tion 
ab o li' tion 
ae qui §i tion 
ad mo ni tion 
ad ven ti tious 
am mu ni tion 
pre mo ni tion 
dis qui §i tion 
in qui §i tion 
rep e ti tion 
in hi bi tion 
ex po §i tion 
ap pa ri tion 
ar till ciai 


ap po §i' tion 

eb ul li tion 

er u di tion 
• • 

ex hi bi tion 
im po §i tion 
op po §i tion 
prej u di cial 
pol i ti cian 
prep o §1 tion 
prop o §i tion 
pro hi bi tion 
su per f i cial 
su per sti tion 
sup po §i tion 




av a ri cious 
in au spi cious 
ben e f i cial 
co a li tion 
com pe ti tion 
com po §i tion 
def i ni tion 
dem o li tion 
dep o §i tion 
dis po §i tion 
prac ti' tion er 
a rith me ti'cian 
ac a de mi cian 
ge om e tri cian 


sur rep ti tious in j u di' cious 
mer e tri cious de fi' cien gy 


No. 136.—CXXXVI. 

IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, Ci AND ti ARE PRONOUNCED 
like shi, as associate (as so shl' ate). 


as so'ci ate 
con so ci ate 

4 

ap pre ci ate 
de pre ci ate 
e mii ci ate 
ex pa ti ate 
in gra ti ate 


ne go' ti ate 
in sa ti ate 
an nun ci ate 
li gen ti ate 
sub stan ti ate 
no vi ti ate 
of fi ci ate 


ex eru' ci ate 
pro pi ti ate 
e nun ci ate 
de nun ci ate 
dis so ci ate 
sa' ti ate 
vi ti ate 


No. 137.—C XX XVII. 

THE FOLLOWING WORDS, ENDING IN ic, MAY HAVE, AND SOME 
OF THEM OFTEN DO HAVE, THE SYLLABLE al ADDED AFTER 

ic, as comic , comical; and the adverbs in ly derived 
FROM these words always have al, AS in classically. 

cau'stic elm' ic crit'ic eth'ic 

gen trie com ic eu bic eth nic 

clas sic con ic gyn ic log ic 











SPELLING BOOK. 

129 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR; KULE, PULL ; EXIST ] € = 

k ; 6=j ; s— z ; oh=sh. 

lyr' ie 

op 7 tie. stat' ie 

trag' ie 

mag ie 

phtM§ ie sto ie 

typ ie 

mu §ie 

skep tie styp tie 

rus tie 

mys tie 

spher ie top ie 

graph ie 

WORDS OP THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED 

ON THE SECOND. 

THESE MAY RECEIVE THE TERMINATION 

at FOR THE AD- 

JECTIVE, AND 

TO THAT MAY BE ADDED 

ly TO FORM THE 

ADVERB ; AS, 

agrestic , agrestical, agrestically . 

a eron'ye 

ge ner'ie 

Pla ton'ie 

a gres tie 

gym nas tie 

ymeu mat ie 

al eliern ie 

har mon ie 

po lem ie 

as get ie 

He bra ie 

prag mat ie 

ath let ie 

her met ie 

pro lif ie 

au then tie 
• • 

hys ter ie 

pro phet ie 

bar bar ie 

I ron ie 

rAap sod ie 

bo tan ie 

in tnn sie 

ro man tie 

ea thar tie 

la eon ie 

ru bif ie 

elas sif ie 

lu gif ie 

sa tir ie 

eog met ie 

mag net ie 

sc^ig mat ie 

di dae tie 

mag nif ie 

seho las tie 

do mes tie 

ma jes tie 

seor bu tie 

dog mat ie 

me ehan ie 

so phis tie 

dra mat ie 

mo nas tie 

sper mat ie 

Dru id ie 

mor bif ie 

sta lae tie 

dys pep tie nu mer ie 

stig mat ie 

ee gen trie 

ob stet ne 

sym met rie 

ee lee tie 

or gan ie 

syn od ie 

ee stat ie 

os sif ie 

ter rif ie 

e lee trie 

pa gif ie 

the ist ie 

em pir ie 

pa thet ie 

ty ran nie 

V W J 0 

er rat ie 

pe dant ie 

e las tie 

fa nat ie 

phleg mat ie 

bom bast ie 

fo ren sie 

phre net ie 

sta tist ie 





















130 THE ELEMENTARY 

bab, lAst, care, fall, wh^t; hSb, pbbt, TufiRE; get; bird, marine; link; 


WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCE*NTED ON THE THIRD. 


ae a dem 7 ie 
al ehem ist ie 
al pha bet ie 
ap o plee tie 
an a log ie 
an a lyt ie 
an a tom ie 
ap os tol ie 
a rith met ie 
as tro log ie 
as tro nom ie 
a the ist ie 
at mos pher ie 
bar o met rie 
be a tif ie 
bl o graph ie 
eab a list ie 
Cal vin ist ie 
ea§ u ist ie 
eat e ehet ie 
eat e gor ie 
ehro no log ie 
dem o erat ie 
di a bol ie 
di a lee tic 
dip lo mat ie 
di a met rie 
di u ret ie 


dol o rif 7 ie 
em blem at ie 
en er get ie 
e nig mat ie 
ep i lep tie 
ep i dem ie 
ep i sod ie 
eh eha rist ie 
ex e get ie 
frig or if ie 
ge o log ie 
ge o met rie 
hem is pher ie 
his tri on ie 
hyp o erit ie 
hy per bol ie 
hy po stat ie 
hy po thet ie 
id i ot ie 
in e last ie 
Jae o bin ie 
math e mat ie 
met a phor ie 
met a phy§ ie 
myth o log ie 
neo ter ie 
or tho graph i 
pan the ist ie 


par a lyt 7 ie 
par a phrast ie 
par a sit ie 
par en thet ie 
par a bol ie 
. path o log ie 
pe ri od ie 
phil o log ie 
phil o soph ie 
phil an throp ie 
Phar i sa ie 
prob lem at ie 
pu ri tan ie 
pyr a mid ie 
pyr o t eeh nie 
S91 en tif ie 
sye o phant ie 
syl lo gis tie 
sym pa thet ie 
sys tern at ie 
tal i§ man ie 
the o log ie 
the o erat ie 
the o ret ie 
to po graph ie 
ty po graph ie 
zo o log ie 
ge o cen trie 


Thermometrical observations show the temperature of the air 
in winter and summer. 

The mineralogist arranges his specimens in a scientific manner. 











SPELLING BOOK. 

131 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB 

; RTTLE, POLL ; EXIST J €- 

= k ; 6=j ; s=z; ch=6il 

WORDS OP FIVE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED 

ON THE FOURTH. 

an ti spor bu' tip 

gen e 

5 a log' ip 

ar is to prat ip 

lex i po graph ip 

phar ap ter is tip 

mon 

o syl lab ip 

ep pie §i as tip 

or ni 

tho log ip 

en thu §i as tip 

os te o log ip 

en to mo log ip 

phy§ 

i o log ip 

ep i gram mat ip iph thy o log ip 

THE FOLLOWING WORDS RARELY OR NEVER TAKE THE 

TERMINATION ill. 


quad rat' ip 

gal' lip 

plas' tip 

path' o lip 

Goth ip 

pub lip 

9e phal' ip 

hym nip 

Pu nip 

pha ot ip 

i tal' ip 

re pub' lip 

pon 9$n trip 

me dal lip 

tap' tip 

e le' gi ap 

me te or'ip 

arp tip 

ep stat'ip 

me tal'lip 

pep tip 

ep'ip 

0 lym pip 

e las' tip 

ot'ip 

par e gor'ip 

9ys' tip 

THE FOLLOWING WORDS USUALLY OR ALWAYS END IN al. 

bib'li pal 

il log' ip al 

pom'ip al 

pa non' ip al 

in im i pal 

met ri pal 

phi mer ip al 

me thod ip al 

phy§ ip al 

pier'ip al 

far' 9i pal 

prap ti pal 

po§ mi pal 

med i pal 

rad i pal j 

por ti pal 

trop ip al 

ver ti pal 

do min'i pal 

top ip al 

vor ti pal 

fin'i pal 

drop si pal 

whim §i pal 

THE FOLLOWING WORDS 

NEVER TAKE THE 

TERMINATION al. 

ap o stroph' ip 

pleth' o rip 

par bon' ip 

phol' er ip 

par bol' ip 

tur'mer ip 

lu na tip 

sul phu rip 

oph thal' mip 















132 THE ELEMENTARY 

BAB, LAST, «ArE, FALL, WII4.T; H§R, PREY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK; 


WORDS ENDING IN ail, eil, OR Oil, IN WHICH THE YOWEL 
IS MUTE OR SLIGHTLY PRONOUNCED. 


art' i gan 
ben i gon 
ea par' i son 
eom par i son 


eour'te gan 
gar ri son 
git i zen 
den i zen 


or'i gon 
par' ti gan 
u' ni son 
ven'i gon* 


WORDS ENDING IN lSlll, RETAINING THE ACCENT OF THEIR 

PRIMITIVES. 


mo nas'ti gigm 
ne 61' o gigm 
at' ti 9i§m 
goth i 9igm 
pa ral' o gigm 
A mer i -ean igm 
ep' i eu rigm 
Jeg u it igm 
lib er tin igm 
ma te'ri al igm 
mon'o the igm 
nat u ral igm 
pa tri ot igm 
pol y the igm 
pros e lyt igm 
phar i sa igm 
Prot est ant igm 


prop a gand'igm 
per i pa tet'i 9igm 
pro vm' cial igm 
an'gli 9igm 
van dal igm 
gal li 9igm 
ped a gog igm 
pu. ri tan igm 
Preg by te'ri an igm 
par' a sit igm 
par al lei igm 
fa vor it igm 
so 9ln' i an igm 
pa r&eh ro nigm 
re pub lie an igm 
see ta ri an igm 
seho las ti 9igm 


No. 138.—CXXXVIII. 

WORDS ENDING IN iZC, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST SYLLABLE. 


eiu' thor ize 
bas tard ize 
91V il ize 
ean on ize 
le gal ize 


mor' al ize 
dram a tize 
em pha size 
gal van ize 
her bo rize 


mag' net ize 
mod ern ize 
ag o nize 
pul ver ize 
ster il ize 


* Pronounced vbi' i-zn or ven'zn. 






SPELLING BOOK. 133 

move, son, wqlf, foot, moon, or ; rule, pull ; exist ; €=k ; e=j ; §=z 5 c,h=sh. 


sub'si dlze 
tyr an nize 
sys tem ize 
meth od ize 
jour nal ize 
bra tal ize 
eol o nize 
en er gize 
e qual ize 
hu man ize 
Ju da ize 


or'gan Ize 
pat ron ize 
sat Ir ize 
tan tal ize 
vo pal ize 
eau ter ize 
bar bar ize 
bot a nize 
das tard ize 
det o nize 
dog ma tize 


dram' a tize 
fer til ize 
I dol ize 
mel o dize 
me§ mer ize 
po lar ize 
re al ize 
the o rize 
tran quil ize 
tem po rize 
It6 man ize 


No. 139.—C XX XIX. 

WORDS OP FOUR AND FIVE SYLLABLES, RETAINING THE 
ACCENT OF THEIR PRIMITIVES. 


al'-eo hol Ize 
al le go rize 
a nath' e ma tize 
&n' i mal ize 
e pis'to lize 
bes' tial ize 
e nig' ma tize 
ehar' ae ter ize 
e the' re al ize 


gen' er al Ize 
lib er al ize 
ma te' ri al ize 
me 1110 ri al ize 
min' er al ize 
mo nop'o lize 
nat'u ral ize 
ox y gen ize 
par tie'u lar ize 


pan e gyr Ize 
pop u lar ize 
pros e ly tize 
pu ri tan ize 
re pub lie an ize 
see u lar ize 
sen su al ize * 
spir it u al ize 
vol a til ize 


It is almost impossible to civilize the American Indians. 

We should never tyrannize over those weaker than ourselves. 
Sometimes, when a person is bitten by a rattlesnake, the doc¬ 
tor will cauterize or sear the wound. 


No. 140.—C XL. 

THE COMBINATION Ilgf REPRESENTS, IN SOME WORDS, A SIM¬ 
PLE ELEMENTARY SOUND, AS HEARD IN shlff, Singer, long / 
IN OTHER WORDS, IT REPRESENTS THE SAME ELEMENTARY 

* Pronounced sin' shu-al-lze. 











1,1 

134 the elementary 


BAB, L.A.8T, « 1 bE, 

what; h£e, pb®y, these; get; bibd, mabine; link; 

SOUND FOLLOWED BY THAT 

as in finger , linger , longer. 

of g hard (heard in go, get) 

THE 

FOLLOWING HAVE THE SIMPLE 

SOUND. 

a' mong 

hang' er 

sing' ing 

strung 

bang 

hang man 

song 

string' ing 

bring 

hang nail 

sung 

strong 

bring' ing 

hung 

slang 

strong' 1 y 

bung 

king 

sling 

swing 
swing' er 

elang 

ling 

sling' er 

eling 

long 

slung 

swing ing 

eling' ing 

lung§ 

spring 

swung 

elung 

pang 

sprang 

tang 

dung 

prong 

spring' er 

thing 

fang 

rang 

spring ing 

thong 

fling 

ring 
ring' ing 

sting 

tongue 

fling' er 

sting' er 

twang 

fling ing 

ring let 

sting ing 

wring 
wring' er 

flung 

rung 

stung 

gang 

sang 

string 

wring ing 

hang 

sing 
sing' er 

stringed 

wrbng 

hanged 

string er 

wronged 

IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, 

11, ALONE, REPRESENTS THE 


SOUND OP llgf, AND IS MARKED THUS, n. 


an' ger 

elan' gor 

jan' gler 

an gry 

eon go 

jan gling 

an gle 

dan gle 

jin gle 

an gler 

din gle 

lan guid 

an gli ean 

fan gle 

lan gnish 

an gli 9i§m 

fin ger 

Ion ger 

an gli 9lze 

fun gus 

Ion gest 

an guish 

hun ger 

man gle 

an gu lar 

hun gry 

man gler 

bran gle 

in gle 

man go 

bun gle 

jan gle 

min gle 











SPELLING BOOK. 



mon' ger 
mon grel 
stron ger 
stron gest 


lin' ger 
tan gle 
tin gle 
wran gle 


e Ion 7 gate 
lin 7 ger ing 
s y rin 7 ga 
stran 7 gu ry 


No. 141.—CXLI. 

IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS THE d, I AND 11, PREFERABLY 

take their regular sounds ; as in capture , verdure, PRO¬ 
NOUNCED capt'yoor , verd'yoor. many speakers, however, 
say lcap'choor , ver'jur. 


eapt 7 tire 

moist 7 ure 

seulpt 7 ure 

(pnet ure 

nat ure 

stat ure 

oreat ure 

nurt ure 

gest ure 

cult ure 

ord ure 

striet ure 

feat ure 

past ure 

struct ure 

fraet ure 

piet ure 

sut ure 

fut ure 

post ure 

text ure 

joint ure 

punet ure 

tlnet ure 

junet ure 

rapt ure 

tort ure 

leet ure 

rupt ure 

vent ure 

mixt ure 

seript ure 

verd ure 




The lmigs are the organs of respiration. If any substance, 
except air, is inhaled and comes in contact with the lungs, 
we instantly cough. This cough is an effort of nature to 
free the lungs. 

A finger signifies a taker, as does fang. We take or catch 
things with the fingers, and fowls and rapacious quadrupeds 
seize other animals with their fangs. 

A pang is a severe pain. Anguish is violent distress. 

A lecture is a discourse read or pronounced on any subject; 
it is also a formal reproof. 

The Bible, that is, the Old and the New Testament, contains 
the Holy Scriptures. 

Discourage cunning in a child: cunning is the ape of wisdom. 















136 the elementary 

bab, lJLst, cAre, fall, wr4.t; her, prsy, there; §et; bird, marine; link; 

Whatever is TVrong is a deviation from right, or from the just 
laws of God or man. 

Anger is a tormenting passion, and so are envy and jealousy. 
To be doomed to suffer these passions long, would be as 
severe a punishment as confinement in the state prison. 

An anglicism is a peculiar mode of speech among the English. 

Love is an agreeable passion, and love is sometimes stronger 
than death. 

How happy men would be if they would always love what is 
right and hate what is wrong. 


N o. 142.—CX III. 

g AND k BEFORE 11 ARE ALWAYS SILENT. 


gnar 

knav 7 ish 

knock 7 er 

gnarl 

knav ish ly 

knoll 

gnash 

knav ish ness 

knot 

gnat 

knead 

knot 7 grass 

gnaw 

knee 

knot 7 ted 

gno 7 mon 

kneel 

knot 7 ty 

gnos ties 

knife 

knot 7 ti Iv 

p 

gnos ti cigm 

knight 

knot 7 ti ness 

knab 

knight er 7 rant 

knout 

knack 

knight 7 hood 

know 

knag 

knight ly 

know 7 a ble 

knag gy 

knit 

known 

knap 

knit 7 ter 

know 7 ing 

knap sack 

knit 7 ting 

know 7 ing ly 

knap weed 

knob 

knowl 7 edge 

knell 

knobbed 

knuck 7 \e 

knave 

knob 7 by 

knurl 

know' er y 

knock 

knurl y 


Knead the dough thoroughly, if you would have good bread. 
The original signification of !cnave was ‘ a boy ’; but the word 
now r signifies ‘ a dishonest person.’ 

In Russia, the knout is used to inflict stripes on the bare 
back. 









SPELLING BOOK. 

137 

MOTE, SOM, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB J BULB, PULL J EXIST ; € = 

k ; 6=j; g=z; oh=bh. 


No. 143.- 

-C XL III. 


IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, ell HAS THE SOUND OF Sll, AND 

IN MANY 

OF THEM 1 HAS THE SOUND 

OF e LONG. 

9hai§e 

cap U 

9hin' 

cav a lier' 

9ha grin' 

mag a zine 

quar' an tine 

9ham pan/n sub ma rine 

man da rin' 

9M cane 

trans ma rine 

cash ier' 

9I11 can' er 

y bom ba zine 

ma rine 

9hev a lier 

brig a 

dier 

ca price 

9hiv' al ry 

can non mer 

po li*9e 

9han de lier' cap a 

pie 

fas 9'ine 

9he mi§e' 

car bin ier 

fron tier 


No. 144.- 

— CXLIV. 


IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, THE YOWEL a 

IN THE DIGRAPH 

ea, HAS NO 

SOUND, AND 

e is either 

SHORT, OR PRO- 

notjnced like e in term; 

thus, bread, tread , earth, dearth , 

are pronounced bred, tred , Orth, derth. 


bread 

health 

heav' en 

pea§' ant 

dead 

wealth 

leav en 

plea§ ure 

head 

stealth 

heav y 

mea§ ure 

tread 

cleanse 

read y 

trea§ ure 

dread 

earl 

health y 

treach er y 

stead 

pearl 

wealth y 

en deav' or 

thread 

earn 

feafh er 

re hearse' 

spread 

learn 

leafh er 

threat' en 

breast 

yearn 

leafh era 

break fast 

breadth 

meant 

tread le 

stead fast 

breath 

dreamt 

ieal ous 

mead ow 

earth 

realm 

jeal ous y pearl ash 1 

dearth 

ear' ly 

zeal ous 

stealth y 

threat 

earn est 

zeal ous ly stead y 

sweat 

re search' 

zeal ot 

stealth fill 

search 

clean' ly 

plea§ ant 

health fill 
• 












138 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, LifiT, € ARE, F£LL, WHAT; HER, PREY, THSRE ; GET J BIRD, MARINE; LINK; 


No. 145.—CXLY. 

IN THE FOLLOWING, g IS SILENT. 

p. stands for past tense ; ppr. for participle of the present tense. 


VERBS. 


p. 


PPR. AGENT. 


VERBS. 


P. PPR. AGENT. 


sign 
as sign' 
eon sign 
de sign 
ma lign 

•eon dlgn' 
be nlgn 


ed ing er 
ed ing er 
ed ing er 
ed ing er 
ed ing er 


re §Ign' ed ing er 
im pugn ed ing er 
op pugn ed ing er 
ar raign ed ing er 
eoun' ter sign ed ing 


Adjectives and Nouns. 

poign' ant for' eign 
ma lign' sov er eign earn paign' 


en' sign 


IN THE FOLLOWING, THE SOUND OF 


as sig na' tion 
des ig na tion 
re§ ig na tion 
be mg' nant 
be nig ni ty 
ma lig ni ty 
ma lig nant 


in dig' ni ty 
in dig nant 
dig' ni ty 
dig ni fy 
preg nant 
preg nan 9y 
im preg' nate 


g IS RESUMED. 

im preg' na ble 
op pug nan $y 
re pug nant 
re pug nan 9y 
sig' ni fy 
sig ni fi ea' tion 


sig nif' i eant 


No. 146.—C XL VI. 


WORDS IN WHICH e, 1, AND O, BEFORE 11, ARE MUTE. THOSE 
WITH V ANNEXED, ARE OR MAY BE USED AS VERBS, ADMIT¬ 
TING ed FOR THE PAST TIME, AND illg FOR THE PAR¬ 
TICIPLE. 


ba' eon 
bea eon 
beech en 
ba sin 
beat en 
bit ten 
bla zon 


bra'zen 
bro ken 
black en, v. 
bat ten, v. 
beck on, v. 
bhr den, v. 
bur then, v. 


bid' den 
slack' en, v. 
bound en 
but ton, v. 
broad en, v. 
cho §en 
elo ven 




















SPELLING BOOK. 139 


No. 147.—C XL VII. 



THE DOG. 

This dog is the mastiff. He is active, strong, and used as a 
watchdog. He has a large head and pendent ears. He is 
not very apt to bite; but he will sometimes take down a man 
and hold him down. Three mastiffs once had a combat with 
a lion, and the lion was compelled to save himself by flight. 

-- 



THE STAG. 

The stag is the male of the red deer. He is a mild and 
harmless animal, bearing a noble attire ot horns, which are 
shed and renewed every year. His form is light and elegant, 
and he runs with great rapidity. The female is called a hind; 
and the fawn or young deer, when his horns appear, is called 
a pricket or brocket. 



























































140 THE ELEMENTARY 



THE SQUIRREL. 

The squirrel is a beautiful little animal. The gray and 
black squirrels live in the forest and make a nest of leaves and 
sticks on the high branches. It is amusing to see the nimble 
squirrel spring from branch to branch, or run up and down 
the stem of a tree, and dart behind it to escape from sight. 
Little ground squirrels burrow in the earth. They subsist on 
nuts, which they hold in their paws, using them as little boys 
use their hands. 

--- 



OP THE BOY THAT STOLE APPLES. 


An old man found a rude boy upon one of his trees steal- 
mg apples, and desired him to come down; but the young 
saucebox told him plainly he would not “ Won’t you ? ” said 


























SPELLING BOOK. 141 

the old man, “ then I will fetch you down; ” so he pulled up 
some turf or grass and threw at him; but this only made the 
youngster laugh, to think the old man should pretend to beat 
him down from the tree with grass only. 

u Well, well,” said the old man, “ if neither words nor grass 
will do, I must try what virtue there is in stones; ” so the old 
man pelted him heartily with stones, which soon made the 
young chap hasten down from the tree and beg the old man’s 
pardon. 

MORAL. 

If good words and gentle means will not reclaim the wicked , 
they must be dealt with in a more severe manner. 


FABLE II. 



THE COUNTRY MAID AND HER MILK PAIL. 

When men suffer their imagination to amuse them with 
the prospect of distant and uncertain improvements of their 
condition, they frequently sustain real losses, by their inatten¬ 
tion to those affairs in which they are immediately concerned. 

A country maid was walking very deliberately with a pail 
of milk upon her head, when she fell into the following train 
of reflections: “The money for which I shall sell this milk, 
will enable me to increase my stock of eggs to three hundred. 
These eggs, allowing for what may prove addle, and what 
may be destroyed by vermin, will produce at least two hun¬ 
dred and fifty chickens. The chickens will be fit to carry to 
market about Christmas, when poultry always bears a good 






















142 the elementary 


price; so that by May Day I can not fail of having money 
enough to purchase a new gown. Green!—let me consider— 
yes, green becomes my complexion best, and green it shall be. 
In this dress I will go to the fair, where all the young fellows 
will strive to have me for a partner; but I shall perhaps re¬ 
fuse every one of them, and, with an air of disdain, toss from 
them.” Transported with this triumphant thought, she could 
not forbear acting with her head what thus passed in her im¬ 
agination, when down came the pail of milk, and with it all her 
imaginary happiness. 

--- 

FABLE III. 



THE TWO DOGS. 

Hasty and inconsiderate connections are generally attended 
with great disadvantages; and much of every man’s good or 
ill fortune, depends upon the choice he makes of his friends. 

A good-natured Spaniel overtook a surly Mastiff, as he was 
traveling upon the highroad. Tray, although an entire 
stranger to Tiger, very civilly accosted him; and if it would 
be no interruption, he said, he should be glad to bear him 
company on his way. Tiger, who happened not to be alto¬ 
gether in so growling a mood as usual, accepted the proposal; 
and they very amicably pursued their journey together. In 
the midst of their conversation, they arrived at the next vil¬ 
lage, where Tiger began to display his malignant disposition, 
by an unprovoked attack upon every dog he met. The vil¬ 
lagers immediately sallied forth with great indignation to 
rescue their respective favorites; and falling upon our tw r o 
friends, without distinction or mercy, poor Tray was most 
cruelly treated, for no other reason than his being found in 
bad company. 




























































THE PARTIAL JUDGE. 


A farmer came to a neighboring lawyer, expressing great 
concern for an accident which he said had just happened. 
“ One of your oxen,” continued he, “ has been gored by an un¬ 
lucky bull of mine, and I should be glad to know how I am to 
make you reparation.” “Thou art a very honest fellow,” re¬ 
plied the lawyer, “ and wilt not think it unreasonable that I ex¬ 
pect one of thy oxen in return.” “ It is no more than justice,” 
quoth the farmer, “ to be sure; but what did I say ?—I mistake 
—it is your bull that has killed one of my oxen.” “ Indeed! ” 
says the lawyer, “ that alters the case : I must inquire into the 
atfair; and if—” “And if!" said the farmer; “the business 
I find would have been concluded without an if had you been 
as ready to do justice to others as to exact it from them.” 

- ♦ • ♦- 

FABLE V. 

THE CAT AND THE RAT. 

A certain cat had made such unmerciful havoc among the 
vermin of her neighborhood, that not a single rat or mouse 
dared venture to appear abroad. Puss was soon convinced 
that if affairs remained in their present state, she must ere long 
starve. After mature deliberation, therefore, she resolved to 
have recourse to stratagem. For this purpose, she suspended 
herself from a hook with her head downward, pretending to be 
dead. The rats and mice, as they peeped from their holes, ob¬ 
serving her in this dangling attitude, concluded she was hang¬ 
ing for some misdemeanor, and with great joy immediately 
sallied forth in quest of their prey. Puss, as soon as a sufficient 
number were collected together, quitting her hold, dropped 
into the midst of them; and very few had the fortune to make 



















































144 the elementary 



good their retreat. This artifice having succeeded so well, she 
was encouraged to try the event of a second. Accordingly, 
she whitened her coat all over by rolling herself in a heap of 
flour, and in this disguise she lay concealed in the bottom of 
a meal tub. This stratagem was executed in general with the 
same effect as the former. But an old experienced rat, alto¬ 
gether as cunning as his adversary, was not so easily insnared. 
“ I don’t quite like,” said he, “ that white heap yonder. Some¬ 
thing whispers me there is mischief concealed under it. ‘Tis 
true, it may be meal, but it may likewise be something that I 
should not relish quite as well. There can be no harm at least 
in keeping at a proper distance; for caution, I am sure, is the 
parent of safety.” 

- - - .— 


FABLE VI. 



THE FOX AND THE BRAMBLE. 

A fox, closely pursued by a pack of dogs, took shelter under 
the covert of a bramble. He rejoiced in this asylum, and for 






































































SPELLING BOOK. 145 


a while, was very happy; but soon found that if he attempted 
to stir, he was wounded by the thorns and prickles on every 
side. However, making a virtue of necessity, he forebore to 
Complain, and comforted himself with reflecting that no bliss 
is perfect; that good and evil are mixed, and flow from the 
same fountain. These briers, indeed, said he, will tear my 
skin a little, yet they keep off the dogs. For the sake of the 
good, then, let me bear the evil with patience; each bitter has 
its sweet; and these brambles, though they wound my flesh, 
preserve my life from danger. 

-- 


FABLE VII. 



THE BEAR AND THE TWO FRIENDS. 

Two friends, setting out together upon a journey which led 
I through a dangerous forest, mutually promised to assist each 
other, if they should happen to be assaulted. They had not 
proceeded far, before they perceived a bear making toward 
them with great rage. 

There were no hopes in flight; but one of them, being very 
active, sprang up into a tree; upon which the other, throwing 
himself flat on the ground, held his breath and pretended to 
be dead; remembering to have heard it asserted that this 
creature will not prey upon a dead carcass. The bear came 
up and after smelling of him some time, left him and went on. 
When he was fairly out of sight and hearing, the hero from 
the tree called out,—“ Well, my friend, what said the bear ? 
He seemed to whisper you very closely.” “ He did so,” replied 
the other, “ and gave me this good advice, never to associate with 
I a wretch, who, in the hour of danger, will desert his friend.” 
























146 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAB, LlBT, CARE, F^LL, HRB, PRKY, THEBEJ GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK; 

“Henry, tell me the number of days in a year.” “ Three hun¬ 
dred and sixty-five.” “ How many weeks in a year ? ” “Fifty- 
two.” “ How many days in a week ? ” “Seven.” “What are they 
called ? ” “ Sabbath or Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, 
Thursday, Friday, Saturday.” The Sabbath is a day of rest, and 
called the Lord’s day, because God has commanded us to keep 
it holy. On that day we are to omit labor and worldly em¬ 
ployments, and devote the time to religious duties, and the 
gaining of religious knowledge. 

“ How many hours are there in a day or day and night ? ” 
“ Twenty-four.” “ How many minutes in an hour ? ” “ Sixty.” 
“ How many seconds in a minute ? ” “ Sixty.” Time is meas¬ 
ured by clocks and watches ; or by dials and glasses. 

The light of the sun makes the day, and the shade of the 
earth makes the night. The earth revolves from west to east 
once in twenty-four hours. The sun is fixed or stationary; 
but the earth turns every part of its surface to the sun once in 
twenty-four hours. The day is for labor, and the night is for 
sleep and repose. Children should go to bed early in the 
evening, and all persons, who expect to thrive in the world, 
should rise early in the morning. 


No. 148.—CXLVIII. 


WORDS NEARLY, BUT NOT EXACTLY, ALIKE IN PRONUNCIATION. 


Ac cept', to take, 
ex cept, to take out. 

af feet, to impress, 
ef feet, what is produced. 

ac cede, to agree, 
ex ceed, to surpass. 

pre scribe, to direct, 
pro scribe, to banish. 

ac cess, approach, 
ex cess, superfluity. 

al lu' sion, hint, reference, 
il lu sion, deception, 
e lu sion, evasion. 

acts, deeds. 

ax, a tool for cutting. 

as say', trial of metals, 
es say', to try. 

af fu' sion, a pouring on. 
ef fu sion, a pouring out. 


al lowed', admitted, granted, 
a loud, with a great voice. 

er' rand, a message, 
er rant, wandering. 

ad di'tion, something added, 
e di tion, publication. 

bal' lad, a song. 

bal let, a dance. [vote. 

bal lot, a ball for voting, or a 

chron' i cal, of long continu- 
chron i cle, a history, [ance. 

clothes, garments, 
close, conclusion. 

con' sort, husband or wife, 
con cert, harmony. 

de scent', a falling, a slope, 
dis sent, a differing. 

de cease', death, 
dis ease, sickness. 
















SPELLING BOOK. 


147 


MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OE ; EVLE, PULL J EXIST J € = K ; G=J ; S = Z ; <JII = 81I. 


e lie' it, to call forth, 
il lie' it, unlawful. 

im merge', to plunge, 
e merge, to come forth. 

fat, fleshy. 

vat, a tub or cistern. 

gest' ure, motion, 
jest er, one who jests. 

i' die, not employed, 
i dol, an image. 

im pos'tor, a deceiver, 
im post ure, deception. 

naugh' ty, bad. 
knot ty, full of knots. 

in gen' u ous, frank, 
in ge ni ous, skillful. 

line, extension in length. 


loin, part of an animal. 

loom, a frame for weaving, 
loam, a soft loose earth. 

med' al, an ancient coin, 
med die, to interpose. 

pint, half a quart, 
point, a sharp end. 

rad' ish, a garden vegetable, 
red dish, somewhat red. 

since, at a later time, 
sense, faculty of perceiving. 

ten' or, course continued, 
ten ure, a holding. 

tal' ents, ability, 
tal ons, claws. 

val' ley, low land, 
val ue, worth. 


WORDS SPELLED ALIKE, BUT PRONOUNCED DIFFERENTLY. 


Au' gust, the eighth month, 
au gust', grand, 
bow (ow as in cow), to bend. 
b5w, for shooting arrows. 

bass, a tree; a fish, 
bass, lowest part in music. 

con jure', to entreat, 
con'jure, to use magic art. 

des'ert, a wilderness, 
des sert', fruit, etc., at dinner, 
gal'lant, brave, gay. 
gal lant', a gay fellow, 
gin, the fourth of a pint, 
gill, part of a fish. 

hin' der, to stop, 
hind er, further behind. 

in' va lid, one not in health, 
in val' id, not firm or binding, 
low'er (ow as in cow), to be dark, 
low er, not so high, 
live, to be or dwell. 


live, having life, 
mow (ow as in cow), a pile of hay. 
mow, to cut with a scythe, 
read, to utter printed words, 
read [red], past tense of read. 
rec' ol lect, to call to mind, 
re col lect', to collect again, 
re form', to amend, 
re' form, to make anew, 
rec're ate, to refresh, 
re ere ate', to create anew. 

rout, defeat and disorder, 
route, a way or course. 

slough, a place of mud. 
slough [sluff], a cast skin. 

tar' ry, like tar. 
tar ry, to delay, 
tears, water from the eyes, 
tears, [he] rends. 

wind, air in motion, 
wind, to turn or twist. 


WORDS PRONOUNCED ALIKE, BUT SPELLED DIFFERENTLY. 


ail, to be in trouble, 
ale, malt liquor. 

air, the atmosphere, 
heir, one who inherits. 

all, the whole, 
awl, an instrument. 


al' tar, a place for offerings, 
al ter, to change. 

ant, a little insect, 
aunt, a sister to a parent. 

ark, a vessel, 
arc, part of a circle. 






148 the elementary 

BAB, LIST, C- 2 .BE, FALL, WII4.T \ HER, PEE Y, THERE; GET? bTeD, MARINE J LINK J 


as cent', steepness, 
as sent, agreement, 
au' ger, a tool, 
au gur, one who foretells, 
bail, surety, 
bale, a pack of goods, 
ball, a sphere, 
bawl, to cry aloud, 
base, low, vile, 
bass or base, in music, 
beer, a liquor, 
bier, a carriage for the dead. 

bin, a box. 
been, participle of be. 
ber' ry, a little fruit, 
bn ry, to inter. 

beat, to strike, 
beet, a root, 
blew, did blow, 
blue, a dark color, 
boar, a male swine, 
bore, to make a hole, 
bow, to bend the body, 
bough, a branch, 
bell, to ring, 
belle, a fine lady, 
beau, a gay gentleman, 
bow, to shoot with. 

bread, a kind of food, 
bred, educated, 
bur' row, for rabbits, [town, 
bor ough, an incorporated 

by, near at hand, 
buy, to purchase, 
bye, a dwelling. 

bay, an Inlet of water, 
bey, a Turkish governor, 
be, to exist, 
bee, an insect, 
beach, sea-shore, 
beech, a tree, 
boll, a pod of plants, 
bowl, an earthen vessel, 
bole, a kind of clay. 

but, a conjunction, 
butt, two hogsheads, 
brake, a weed, 
break, to part asunder. 

Cain, a man’s name, 
cane, a shrub or staff. 

e , to cry out, or name. 

I, a net inclosing the bowels. 


can' non, a large gun. 
can on, a law of the church. 

ces' sion, a grant, 
ses sion, the sitting of a court, 
can' vas, coarse cloth, 
can vass, to examine, 
ceil, to make a ceiling, 
seal, to fasten a letter, 
seal' ing, setting a seal, 
ceil ing, of a room, 
cens' er, an incense pan. 
ceil sor, a critic, 
course, way, direction, 
coarse, not fine, 
cote, a sheep-fold, 
coat, a garment, 
core, the heart, 
corps, a body of soldiers, 
cell, a hut. 
sell, to dispose of. 

cen' tu ry, a hundred years, 
ceil tau ry, a plant. 

chol' er, wrath, 
col lar, for the neck, 
cord, a small rope, 
chord, a line, 
cite, to summon, 
site, situation, 
sight, the sense of seeing. 

com' pie ment, a full number, 
com pli ment, act of polite¬ 
ness. 

cous' in, a relation, 
coz en, to cheat, 
cur' rant, a berry, 
cur rent, a stream. 

deer, a wild animal, 
dear, costly. 

cask, a vessel for liquids, 
casque, a helmet. 

ce' dar, a kind of wood, 
ce der, one who cedes. 

cede, to give up. 
seed, fruit, offspring. 

cent, the hundredth part of a 
dollar. 

* sent, ordered away, 
scent, a smell. 

cel' lar, the lowest room, 
sell er, one who sells. 

clime, a region, 
climb, to ascend. 












SPELLING BOOK. 149 

MOVE, 86n, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; R'JTLE, PyLL ; EJI8T ; € = K ; 6=J ; | = Z ; OH=8H. 


conn' cil, an assembly, 
coun sel, advice. 

sym' bol, a type, 
cym bal, a musical instrument, 
col' or, hue. 
cul ler, one who selects. 

dam, to stop water, 
damn, to condemn. 

dew, falling vapors, 
due, owing. 

die, to expire, 
dye, to color. 

doe, a female deer, 
dough, bread not baked. 

fane, a temple, 
feign, to dissemble. 

dire, horrid. 

dy er, one who colors. 

dun, to urge for money, 
dun, a brown color, 
done, performed, 
dram, a drink of spirit, 
drachm, a small weight. 

e I is' ion, the act of cutting off. 
e lys ian, blissful, joyful. 

you, second person, 
yew, a tree, 
ewe, a female sheep. 

fair, handsome, 
fare, customary duty. 

feat, an exploit, 
feet, plural of foot. 

freeze, to congeal, 
frieze, in a building. 

hie, to hasten, 
high, elevated, lofty. 

flea, an insect, 
flee, to run away. 

flour, of rye or wheat, 
flow er, a blossom. 

forth, abroad, 
fourth, in number. 

foul, filthy, 
fowl, a bird. 

gilt, with gold, 
guilt, crime, 
grate, iron bars, 
great, large. 

grown, increased, 
groan, an expression of pain. 

hail, to call; also frozen rain. 


hale, healthy, 
hart, a beast, 
heart, the seat of life, 
hare, an animal, 
hair, the fur of animals. 

here, in this place, 
hear, to hearken. 

hew, to cut. 
hue, color. 

him, objective of he. 
hymn, a sacred song. 

hire, wages, 
high er, more high. 

heel , the hinder part of the foot, 
heal, to cure. 

haul, to drag, 
hall, a large room. 

I, myself. 

eye, organ of sight. 

isle ( lie ), an island, 
aisle, of a church. 

in , within, 
inn, a tavern. 

in dite', to compose, 
in diet, to prosecute. 

kill, to slay. 

kiln, for burning bricks. 

knap, a protuberance, 
nap, a short sleep. 

knave, a rogue, 
nave, of a wheel, 
knead, to work dough, 
need, necessity, 
kneel, to bend the knee, 
neal, to heat, 
knew, did know, 
new, fresh, not old. 
know, to understand, 
no, not. 

knight, a title, 
night, darkness. 

knot, a tie. 
not, no, denying, 
lade, to fill, to dip. 
laid, placed. 

lain , did lie. 
lane, a narrow street. 

leek, a root, 
leak, to run out. 
less' on, a reading, 
les sen, to diminish. 











150 the elementary 

BAB, lAst, €AEE, FALL, wh^t; her, pb®y, thEre; get; bird, marine; link; 

li' ar, one who tells lies. 

neigh, as a horse. 

li er, one who lies in wait. 

aught, any thing. 

lyre, a harp. 

ought, morally owed, should. 

led, did lead. 

oar, a paddle. 

lead, a heavy metal. 

ore, of metal. 

lie, an untruth. 

one, a single thing. 

lye, water drained through ashes. 

won, did win. 

lo, behold. 

oh, alas. 

low, humble; nothigh. 

owe, to be indebted. 

lac, a gum. 

our, belonging to us. 

lack, want. 

hour, sixty minutes. 

lea, grass-land. 

plum, a fruit. 

lee, opposite the wind. 

plumb, a lead and line. 

leaf, of a plant. 

pale, without color. 

lief, willingly. 

pail, a vessel. 

lone, solitary. 

pain, distress. 

loan , that is lent. 

pane, a square of glass. 

lore, learning. 

pal' ate, part of the mouth. 

low er, more low. 

pal let, painter’s board; a bed. 

lock, a catch to a door. 

pleas, pleadings. 

loch, a lake. 

please, to give pleasure. 

main , ocean; the chief. 

pole, a long stick. 

mane, of a horse. 

poll, the head. 

made, finished. 

peel , to pare off the rind 

maid, an unmarried woman. 

X»eal, sounds. 

male, the he kind. 

pair, a couple. 

mail, armor; bag for letters. 

pare, to cut off the rind. 

man' ner, mode of action. 

pear, a fruit. 

man or, lands of a lord. 

plain, even or level. 

meet, to come together. 

plane, to make smooth. 

meat, flesh, food. , 

pray, to implore. 

mete, measure. 

prey, booty, plunder. 

mean, low, humble. 

prin' ci pal, chief. 

mien, countenance. 

prin ci pie, rule of action. 

mewl, to cry. 

prof' it, advantage. 

mule, a beast. 

proph et, a foreteller. 

mi'ner, one who works in a 

peace, quietude. 

mine. 

piece, a part. 

mi nor, less, or one under age. 

pan' el, a square in a door. 

moan, to grieve. 

pan net, a kind of saddle. 

mown, cut down. 

raise, to lift. 

moat, a ditch. 

raze, to demolish. 

mote, a speck. 

rain, water falling from clouds. 

more, a greater portion. 

reign, to rule. 

mow er, one who mows. 

rap, to strike. 

mite, an insect. 

wrap, to fold together. 

might, strength. 

read, to peruse. 

met' al, gold, silver, etc. 

reed, a plant. 

met tie, briskness. 

red, a color. 

nit, egg of an insect. 

read, did read. 

knit, to join with needles. 

reek, to emit steam. 

nay, no. 

wreak, to revenge. 








SPELLING BOOK. 151 

MOVE, b6n, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; RULE, PULL; EJI8T ; € = k; 4=j;| = z; OH=8H. 


rest, to take ease, 
wrest, to take by force, 
rice, a sort of grain, 
rise, source, beginning, 
rye, a sort of grain, 
wry, crooked. 

ring, to sound; a circle, 
wring, to twist, 
rite, ceremony, 
right, just. 

write, to make letters with a 
pen. 

wright, a workman, 
rode, did ride, 
road, the highway, 
rear, to raise, 
rear, the hind part. 

rig' ger, one who rigs vessels, 
rig or, severity, 
ruff, a neck-cloth, 
rough, not smooth, 
rote, repetition of words, 
wrote, did write. 

roe, a female deer, 
row, a rank. 

roar, to sound loudly, 
row er, one who rows. 

rab' bet, to cut, as the edge of a 
board, in a sloping manner, 
rab bit, an animal, 
sail, the canvas of a ship, 
sale, the act of selling. 

sea, a large body of water, 
see, to behold, 
sa' ver, one who saves, 
sa vor, taste or odor, 
seen, beheld, 
scene, part of a play, 
seine, a fish net. 
sen' ior ( sen' yur ), older, 
seign ior, a Turkish king. 

seam, where the edges join, 
seem, to appear. 

shear, to cut with shears, 
sheer, clear, unmixed. 

sent, ordered away, 
cent, a small coin, 
scent, smell, 
shore, sea-coast, 
shore, a prop. 

so, in such a manner, 
sow, to scatter seed. 


sum, the whole, 
some, a part. 

sun, the fountain of light, 
son, a male child. 

stare, to gaze, 
stair, a step, 
steel, hard metal, 
steal, to take by theft, 
suck er, a young twig, 
sue' cor, help, 
slight, to despise, 
sleight, dexterity, 
sole, of the foot, 
soul, the spirit, 
slay, to kill, 
sley, a weaver’s reed, 
sleigh, a carriage on runners, 
sloe, a fruit, 
slow, not swift, 
stake, a post, 
steak, a slice of meat. 

stile, steps over a fence, 
style, fashion, diction. 

tacks, small nails, 
tax, a rate, tribute, 
throw, to cast away, 
throe, pain of travail. 

tare, an allowance in weight, 
tear, to rend. 

tear, water from the eyes, 
tier, a row. 

team, of horses or oxen, 
teem, to produce. 

tide, flux of the sea. 
tied, fastened, 
their, belonging to them, 
there, in this place. 

the, definite adjective, 
thee, objective case of thou. 

too, likewise, 
two, twice one. 
toe, extremity of the foot, 
tow, to drag. 

vail, a covering, 
vale, a valley. 

vial, a little bottle, 
viol, a fiddle. 

vane, to show which way the 
wind blows, 
vein, for the blood. 

vice, sin. 

vise, a griping instrument. 












152 THE ELEMENTARY 

bar, lIst, gabe, fall, wn^T; her, PRgy, there; get; bird, marine; li£k; 


wait, to tarry, 
weight, heaviness. 

wear, to carry, as clothes, 
ware, merchandise. 

waste, to spread, 
waist, a part of the body. 

way, road, course. 


What ails the child ? 

Ale is a fermented liquor, made 
from malt. 

The awl is a tool used by shoe¬ 
makers and harness-makers. 

All quadrupeds that walk and 
do not leap, walk upon four 
legs. 

The Prince of Wales is heir to the 
crown of England. 

We breathe air. 

The moon alters its appearance 
every night. 

The Jews burned sacrifices upon 
an altar of stone. 

Cruel horsemen beat their horses. 

Molasses may be made from 
beets. 

A fine beau wears fine clothes. 

The rainbow is caused by the 
sun’s shining upon the falling 
rain. 

Beer may be made from malt and 
hops. 

They bore the body to the grave 
on a bier. 

The great bell in Moscow, weighs 
two hundred and twenty tons. 

The belles and the beaux are fond 
of fine shows. 

Black&emes and raspberries grow 
on briers. 

The farmer, when he plants seeds, 
buries them in the ground. 

Wheat is a letter grain than rye. 

One who lays a wager is a bettor. 

The wind blew. 

The color of the sky is blue. 

Your father’s or your mother’s 
sister is your aunt. 

The little ants make hillocks. 

Carpenters bore holes with an 
auger. 

An augur foretells. 

Boys love to play ball. 

Children bawl for trifles. 

Bears live in the woods. 

An oak bears acorns. 


Aveigh, to find the weight. 

Aveek, seven days. 
Aveak, not strong. 

Avood, timber. 

Avould, past time of will. 

Aveather, state of the air. 
Avether, a sheep. 


We bear evils. 

Trees bare of leaves. 

Beech wood makes a good fire. 

The waves beat on the beach. 

A wild boar is a savage beast. 

Miners bore holes in rocks, and 
burst them with powder. 

The boll of plants is a seed ves¬ 
sel. 

Eat a bowl of bread and milk. 

The planks of vessels are fastened 
with copper bolts. 

Millers separate the bran from 
the flour by large sieves called 
bolts. 

The breech of a gun is its butt or 
club end. 

A ram butts with his head. 

We import butts of spirits. 

Brahes are useless weeds. 

We break flax and hemp in dress- 
ing. 

Well-&?w7 people do not always 
eat wheat bread. 

A butt contains two hogsheads; 
but a barrel, 31| gallons. 

We judge of people’s motives by 
their actions. 

We can not buy a seat in heaven 
with our money. 

Clothiers smooth their clothes 
with calenders. 

Almanac makers publish new cal¬ 
endars every year. 

Sails are made of canvas. 

Inspectors canvass votes. 

The courts of New York hold 
their sessions in the City Hall. 

Since the cession of Florida, the 
United States have been bound¬ 
ed on the south by the Gulf of 
Mexico. 

We call the membrane that covers 
the bowels a caul. 

Live fish are kept in the water, 
near our fish markets, in caufs. 

Consumptive people are afflicted 
with bad coughs. 






SPELLING BOOK. 153 

MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, HOON, 6b \ BULK, PULL ; EXIST ; € = K J 4= J ; S = Z; OH=6H. 


Brass cannon are more costly than 
iron. 

Church laws are canons. 

Farmers are sellers of apples and 
cider, which are put into cel¬ 
lars. 

A liar is not believed. 

The lyre is a musical instrument. 

Galileo made the telescope. 

A charming maid or maiden. 

The Missouri is the main branch 
of the Mississippi. 

A horse’s mane grows on his 
neck. 

The male bird has a more beau¬ 
tiful plumage than the female. 

The mail is opened at the post- 
office. 

Children should imitate the man¬ 
ners of polite people. 

The farms of the English nobility 
are called manors. 

A mite is an insect of little might. 

Mead is a pleasant drink. 

Lying is a mean practice. 

We mean to study grammar. 

The Hudson and East rivers meet 
at the Battery. 

Salt will preserve meat. 

Miners work in mines. 

Minors are not allowed to vote. 

David moaned the loss of Absa¬ 
lom. 

When grass is mown and dried we 
call it hay. 

Forts are surrounded by a moat. 

Mote is an atom. 

A brigade of soldiers is more than 
a regiment. 

Mowers mow grass. 

Brass is a compound metal. 

A lively horse is a horse of met¬ 
tle. 

Fishes are caught in a net. 

Clear profits are called net gain. 

Boats are rowed with oars. 

Ores are melted to separate the 
metal from the dross. 

A bird flew over the house. 

The smoke ascends in the flue. 

Gums ooze through the pores of 
wood. 

The tanner puts his hides into 
ooze. 

We carry water in pails. 

Gardens are sometimes surround¬ 
ed by a fence made of pales. 

Sick people look pale. 


Panes of glass are put into window 

frames. 

Pains are distressing. 

Shoes are sold by pairs. 

People pare apples to make pies. 

Pears are not so common as ap¬ 
ples. 

A person who has lost his palate 
can not speak plain. 

The painter holds his pallet in his 
hand. 

The child sleeps on a pallet. 

The comma is the shortest pause 
in reading. 

Bears seize their prey with their 

paws. 

Good people love to live in peace. 

Our largest piece of silver coin is 
a dollar. 

The peak of Teneriffe is fifteen 
thousand feet high. 

The Jews had a pique or ill-will 
against the Samaritans. 

On the Fourth of July, the bells 
ring a loud peal. 

The firmer peels the bark from 
trees for the tanner. 

The British Parliament is a legis¬ 
lative assembly, consisting of 
the House of Peers and the 
House of Commons. 

Our vessels lie near the piei's in 
our harbor. 

The carpenter planes boards with 
his plane. 

The essential principles of re¬ 
ligion are written in plain lan¬ 
guage. 

Babylon stood upon an extended 
plain. 

Polite people please their com¬ 
panions. 

The courts of common pleas are 
held in the courthouses. 

The builder uses the plumb and 
line to set his walls perpendicu¬ 
lar. 

Plums grow on trees. 

One dollar is one hundred cents. 

The most depraved gambler won 
the money. 

The cat preys upon mice. 

We should pray for our enemies. 

The student pores over his books 
day after day. 

The Niagara river pours down a 
precipice of a hundred and fifty 
feet. 
















154 the elementary 

bar, lAst, gare, fall, wii|t; iiee, prey, there; get; bird, marine; link; 


We sweat through the pores of the 
skin. 

The Hudson is the principal river 
of New York. 

A man of good principles merits 
our esteem. 

There is no profit in profane swear¬ 
ing. 

The prophet Daniel was a prisoner 
in Babylon. 

Panel doors are more expensive 
than batten doors. 

The court impanel jurors to judge 
causes in court. 

God sends his rain on the just and 
the unjust. 

Horses are guided by the reins of 
the bridle. 

Queen Victoria reigns over Great 
Britain and Ireland. 

The barber shaves his patrons with 
a razor. 

Farmers are raisers of grain. 

The Laplander wraps himself in 
furs in the winter. 

When we wish to enter a house, 
we rap at the door. 

Reeds grow in swamps, and have 
hollow, jointed stems. 

We should read the Bible with 
seriousness. 

We should often think upon what 
we have read. 

The hyacinth bears a beautiful 
large red flower. 

Nero wreaked his malice upon the 
Christians. 

Brutus held up the dagger reeking 
with the blood of Lucretia. 

We rest on beds. 

The English wrested Gibraltar from 
the Spaniards. 

Rice grows in warm climates. 

The rise of the Missouri is in the 
Rocky Mountains. 

Some ladies are fond of gold rings. 

The bell rings for church. 

Washerwomen wring clothes. 

Riggers rig vessels; that is, fit the 
shrouds, stays, braces, etc., to 
the masts and yards. 

Hannibal crossed the Alps in the 
rigor of winter. 

Baptism is a rite of the Christian 
church. 

It is not right to pilfer. 

Wheelwrights make carts and wag¬ 
ons. 


Cumberland road leads from Bal¬ 
timore to Wheeling. 

King David rode upon a mule. 

Children often learn the alphabet 
by rote before they know the 
letters. 

Oliver Goldsmith wrote several 
good histories. 

Paste is made of rye flour. 

Children make wry faces when 
they eat sour grapes. 

A roe deer has no horns. 

Corn is planted in rows. 

Oarsmen row boats with oars. 

The joiner rabbets boards. 

Rabbits are lively animals. 

The river Danube runs into the 
Black Sea . 

This house is for sale. 

We sail for Liverpool to-morrow. 

Owls can not see well when the 
sun shines. 

Seals are caught both in the north¬ 
ern and the southern seas. 

We seal letters with wafers and 
sealing wax. 

Masons ceil the inner roof with 
lime mortar. 

A plastered ceiling looks better 
than a ceiling made of boards. 

We have never seen a more daz¬ 
zling object than the sun in 
summer. 

A thunderstorm is a sublime 

scene. 

Fishermen catch shad in semes. 

The city of Paris stands on the 
river Seine. 

John Smith, Senior, is father to 
John Smith, Junior. 

The Sultan of Turkey is also called 
the Grand Seignior. 

The sun seems to rise and set. 

Neat sewers (so' erz) make hand¬ 
some seams with their needles. 

Sheep-shearers shear the wool from 
the sheep. 

When the wolf sees the sheep 
well guarded he sheers off. 

Waves dash against the shore. 

When ship-builders build vessels 
they shore them up with props. 

The writer signs his name. 

Heavy clouds are signs of rain. 

Mankind slay each other in cruel 
wars. 

A sleigh or sled runs on snow and 
ice. 










SPELLING BOOK. 155 

MOVE, 66n, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK J RTTLE, PULL ; E£IBT ; 6 = K J 4=J ; g = Z ; OH=8H. 


Children should never slight their 
parents. 

Indians live in very slight build¬ 
ings, called wigwams. 

Some have a good sleight at 
work. 

A sloe is a black wild plum. 

The sloth is slow in moving. 

The lark soars into the sky. 

A boil is a sore swelling. 

A sower sows his seeds. 

We all have some knowledge. 

The sum of four and five is nine. 

The sole of a shoe is the bottom 
of it. 

The sun is the sole cause of day. 

Our souls are immortal. 

Tents are fastened with stakes. 

Beefsteaks are good food. 

“A wise son makes a glad fa¬ 
ther.” 

Without the sun all animals and 
vegetables would die. 

The Jews were not permitted to 
have stairs to their altars. 

Do not let children stare at stran¬ 
gers. 

Stiles are steps over fences. 

Goldsmith wrote in a clear plain 
style. 

Saul threw his javelin at David. 

The Israelites went through the 
Red Sea. 

Tares grow among wheat. 

Grocers subtract the tare from the 
gross weight. 

Never tear your clothes. 

The plumb-line hangs straight to¬ 
ward the center of the earth. 

The Straits of Gibraltar separate 
Spain from Morocco. 

Succor a man in distress. 

Suckers sprout from the root of 
an old stock. 

Shoemakers drive tacks into the 
heels of shoes. 

People pay a heavy tax. 

Lions have long bushy tails. 

The tale of Robinson Crusoe is a 
celebrated romance. 


Ladies wear sashes round the 
waist. 

Foolish children waste their time 
in idleness. 

Time waits for no one. 

Butter is sold by weight. 

Earthen ware is baked in furnaces. 

A Turk wears a turban instead of 
a hat. 

Sickness makes the body weak. 

Seven days constitute one week. 

We weigh gold and silver by Troy 
Weight. 

The way of a good man is plain. 

The weather is colder in America 
than in the same latitudes in 
Europe. 

Among the flock of sheep were 
twenty fat wethers. 

Men have a great toe on each 
foot. 

Horses tow the canal boats. 

Tow is hatcheled from flax. 

Good scholars love their books. 

There are no tides in the Baltic 
Sea. 

Women wear vails. 

The valley of the Mississippi is 
the largest vale in the United 
States. 

The vane shows which way the 
wind blows. 

Arteries convey the blood from 
the heart and veins. 

A vial of laudanum. 

A base-^ioZ is a large fiddle, and a 
violin is a small one. 

We shed tears of sorrow when we 
lose our friends. 

Ships often carry two tiers of 
guns. 

A team of horses will travel faster 
than a team of oxen. 

Farmers rejoice when their farms 
teem with fruits. 

The tide is caused by the attrac¬ 
tion of the moon and sun. 

A black ribbon is tied on the left 
arm and worn as a badge of 
mourning. 


Many things are possible which are not practicable. That is 
possible which can be performed by any means; that is 
practicable which can be performed by the means which are 
in our power. 

Bank notes are redeemable in cash. 













THE ELEMENTARY 


156 

bar, lAst, gabe, what; her, pert, there; get; bird, marine; dink; 


No. 149.—C XLIX. 

WORDS OF IRREGULAR ORTHOGRAPHY. 


WRITTEN. 

any 

PRONOUNCED. 

en' ny 

WRITTEN. 

ghost 

PRONOUNCED. 

gost 

WRITTEN. PRONOUNCED, 

should skood 

many 

men' ny 

corps 

kore 

debt 

det 

demesne demeen' 

ache 

ake 

phlegm flem 

bat eau 

bat o' 

half 

kaf 

croup 

kroop 

beau 

bo 

calf 

kaf 

tomb 

toom 

beaux 

boze 

calve 

kav 

womb 

woom 

bu reau 

bu' ro 

one 

wun 

wolf 

woolf 

been 

bin 

once 

w tinge 

yacht 

yot 

bu ry 

ber 7 ry 

done 

dun 

dough 

do 

bu ri al 

bSr'I al 

gone 

gon 

neigh 

na 

bus y 

biz' zy 

folks 

foks 

sleigh 

sla 

isle 

He 

ra tio 

ra' sbo 

weigh 

wa 

isl and 

I' land 

va lise 

va lege' 

gauge 

gage 

does 

duz 

o cean 

o' sbun 

bough 

bou 

says 

sez 

though 

tho 

slough 

slou 

said 

sed 

broad 

brawd 

doubt 

dout 

lieu 

la 

could 

kood 

is sue 

isb' shu 

adieu 

a da' 

Would wood 

tis sue 

tlsh' sbu 


WRITTEN. 

PRONOUNCED. 

WRITTEN. 

PRONOUNCED. 

busi ness 

biz' ness 

flam beau 

flam' bo 

bus i ly 

biz'i ly 

right eous 

ri' chus 

colonel 

kur' nel 

car touch 

kar tobck' 

haut boy 

ho' boy 

in veigh 

in va' 

masque 

mask 

sur tout 

sur toot' 

sou, sous 

sob 

worn an 

woom' an 

gui tar 

gi tay 

worn en 

wim' en 

pur lieu 

ptir'lu 

bis cuit 

bis' kit 

su gar 

slioog' ar 

cir cuit 

sir' kit 

vis count 

vl' kount 

sal mon 

sam' un 

ap ro pos 

ap ro po' 

isth mus 

is' mus 









SPELLING 

BOOK. 

157 

MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; BOLE, PULL ; E£I8T ; € = K ; 6= 

; g=z; oh— ea. 

WRITTEN. 

PRONOUNCED. 

WRITTEN. 

PRONOUNCED. 

; neigh bor 

na' bur 

mort gage 

mor' gej 

piqu ant 

plk' ant 

seign ior 

seen yur 

piqu an 9 y 

plk' an 57 

se ragl io 

se ral' yo 

ptis an 

tlz' an 

asth ma 

ast' ma 

phthis ic 

tiz' ik 

beau ty 

bu' ty 

sol dier 

sol' jer 

beau te ous bu' te us 

vict uals 

vit' tl§ 

bdell ium 

del' yum 

ca tarrh 

ka tar' 

ca noe 

ka noo' 

bou qnet 

boo ka' 

plaid 

plad 

bru nette 

bru net' 

schism 

slzm 

ga zette 

ga zSt' 

feoff ment 

fef' ment 

in debt ed 

in det' ed 

hal cy on 

hSI' si on 

lieu ten ant 

lu ten' ant 

mis tie toe 

miz' zl to 

qua drille 

kwa dril' 

psal mo dy 

sal' mo dy 

pneu mat ics 

nu mat'Iks 

bal sam ic 

bal sam' ik 

IN THE FOLLOWING 

, I IS SILENT. 


balk 

chalk talk 

calk 

•• 

stalk 

•• 

walk 

•• 

THE FOLLOWING END WITH THE BOUND 

DF f. 

chough 

rough 

cough 

(•eawf) 

dough * 

slough f 

trough (trawf) 

tough 

e nough 7 

laugh 

m 


Ik AFTER r IS 

SILENT. 


rheum 


rhu 7 barb 

rheu mat 7 ie 

rhet 7 o ric 

rheu 7 ma ti§m 

rhap 7 so 

dy 

rhyme 


rhi 1169 ' 

e ros 


g IS SILENT BEFORE 11. 


deign ed ing 

reign ed ing 

feign ed ing 

poign 7 ant 

* A cleft. 

i The cast-off skin of a serpent, etc. 









THE ELEMENTARY 


158 


BAB, LIST, €ARE, FALL, WH^lT; HER, PRgY, THERE; 

SET ; bird, marYne ; lihk ; 

1 BEFORE Ill IS SILENT IN THE 

FOLLOWING. 

ealm 

balm' y 

psalm 

ealm' ly 

em balm' 

qualm 

ealm ness 

alm§ 

qualm ish 

be ealm' 

alm§' house 

psalm ist 

balm 

alm§ giv ing 

holm 

IN THE FOLLOWING, 

geon and gion 

ARE PRONOUNCED AS 

jun ; eon, as un i 
as jus. 

• clieon, as chun; 

geons AND gious, 

blud' geon 

sur' geon 

pro di'gious 

dud geon 

dun geon 

pun' cheon 

gud geon 

pig eon 

trim cheon 

stur geon 

wid geon 

seutch eon 

le gion 

lun cheon 

es eutch' eon 

re gion 

eon ta'gious 

eur mud geon 

eon ta'gion 

e gre gious 

gor' geous 
sae ri le' gious 

re li gion 

re li gious 

IN THE FOLLOWING, 

OU AND ail ARE 
AND gll IS MUTE. 

PRONOUNCED AS CLW , 

bought 

ought 

wrought 

brought 

sought 

naught 

fought 

thought 

fraught 

IN THE FOLLOWING, 

THE LETTERS Ue 

AT THE END OF THE 

PRIMITIVE WORD ARE SILENT. 

plague 

vogue 

pique 

vague 

tongue 

har angue' 

league 

mosque 

ap' o logue 

brogue 

in trigue' 

eat a logue 

rogue 

o paque • 

di a logue 

fa tigue' 

u nique 

ee logue 














SPELLING BOOK. 


159 


No. 150.—CL. 

1. Regular verbs form the past tense, and participle of the past, by taking 
ed, and the participle of the present tense by taking ing; as, called, 
calling, from call. The letter p. stands for past tense; ppr./or parti¬ 
ciple of the present tense ; and a. for agent. 



p. 

ppr. 


P- 

ppr. 


P • 

ppr. 

call 

ed 

ing 

pray 

ed 

ing 

al low 

ed 

ing 

turn 

ed 

ing 

cloy 

ed 

ing 

a void 

ed 

ing 

burn 

ed 

ing 

jest 

ed 

ing 

em ploy 

ed 

ing 

plow 

ed 

ing 

a bound 

ed 

ing 

pur loin 

ed 

ing 

sow 

ed 

ing 

ab scond 

ed 

ing 

rep re sent 

ed 

ing 

plant 

ed 

ing 

al lay 

ed 

in g 

an noy 

ed 

ing 


2. Monosyllabic verbs ending in a single consonant after a single vowel, 
and other verbs ending in a single consonant after a single vowel and 
accented on the last syllable, double the final consonant in the deriva¬ 
tives. Thus, abet, abetted, abetting, abettor. 




- 


p. ppr. a. 

a bet ted ting tor 
fret ted ting ter 
man ned ning 
plan ned ning ner 


p. ppr. a. p. ppr. a. 

wed ded ding tre pan ned ning ner 

bar red ring de fer red ring 

ex pel led ling ler ab hor red ring rer 

re bel led ling ler in cur red ring 


3. Verbs having a digraph, diphthong , or long vowel sound before the last 
consonant, do not double that consonant. 



p. 

ppr. 

a. 


P- 

ppr. 

a. 


P- 

ppr. 

a. 

seal 

ed 

ing 

er 

claim 

ed 

ing 

er 

re coil 

ed 

ing 


lieal 

ed 

ing 

er 

cool 

ed 

ing 

er 

ve neer 

ed 

ing 


oil 

ed 

ing 

er 

ap pear 

ed 

ing 

er 

a vail 

ed 

ing 


hail 

ed 

ing 

er 

re peat 

ed 

ing 

er 

re strain 

ed 

ing 

er 


4. 

Verbs ending in tivo consonants, 

do 

not double the last. 



P- 

ppr. 

a. 


P- 

ppr. 

a. 


P- 

ppr. 

a. 

gild 

ed 

ing 

er 

dress 

ed 

ing 

er 

re sist 

ed 

ing 

er 

long 

ed 

ing 

er 

paint 

ed 

ing 

er 

con vert 

ed 

ing 

er 

watch ed 

ing 

er 

charm 

ed 

ing 

er 

dis turb 

ed 

ing 

er 


5. Verbs ending in a single consonant, preceded by a single vovjel, the last 
consonant or syllable not being accented , ought not to double the last 
consonant in the derivatives. 


p. ppr. 

bi as ed ing 
bev el ed ing 

can cel ed ing 

car ol ed ing 

cav il ed ing 

chan nel ed ing 
chis el ed ing 


p. ppr o 

ley el ed ing 
coun sel ed ing 
cud gel ed ing 
driv el ed ing 
du el ed ing 
e qual ed ing 
gam bol ed ing 


p. ppr. 

gray el ed ing 

grov el ed ing 

par al lei ed ing 

jew el ed ing 

kern el ed ing 

la bel ed ing 

lau rel ed mg 













160 the elementary 


lev el 

ed 

ing 

ri val 

ed 

ing 

mod el 

ed 

ing 

li bel 

ed 

ing 

row el 

ed 

ing 

wag on 

ed 

ing 

mar shal 

ed 

ing 

shov el 

ed 

ing 

clos et 

ed 

in g 

par cel 

ed 

ing 

shriv el 

ed 

ing 

riv et 

ed 

ing 

pen cil 

ed 

ing 

tram mel 

ed 

ing 

lim it 

ed 

ing 

pom mel 

ed 

ing 

trav el 

ed 

ing 

ben e fit 

ed 

ing 

quar rel 

ed 

ing 

tun nel 

ed 

ing 

prof it 

ed 

ing 

rev el 

ed 

ing 

wor ship 

ed 

ing 

buf fet 

ed 

ing 


6. The name of ike agent , when the verb admits of it, Is formed in like 
manner , without doubling the last consonant, as, caviler, worshiper, 
duelist, libeler, traveler. So also adjectives are formed from these 
verbs without doubling the last consonant , as, libelous, marvelous. 


7. When verbs end in e after d and t, the final e in the past tense and 
participle of the perfect tense, unites with d and forms an additional 
syllable , but it is dropped before ing. Thus, abate, abated, abating. 


ab di cate d ing 
ded i cate d ing 
med i tate d ing 
im pre cate d ing 
vin di cate d ing 


de grade 

d 

mg 

cor rode 

d 

mg 

suf fo cate 

d 

ing 

de lude 

d 

ing 

ed u cate 

d 

ing 

in trude 

d 

ing 

in vade 

d 

ing 

ex plode 

d 

ing 

con cede 

d 

ing 

de ride 

d 

ing 


8. In vei'bs ending in e after any other consonant than d and t, the past 
tense is formed by the addition of d, and this letter with the final e may 
form a distinct syllable; but usually the e is not sounded. Thus 
abridged, is pronounced abridjd; abased, abaste. Before ing, e is 
dropped. 


a base d ing 

a bridge d ing 

con fine d ing 

com pose d ing 

re fuse d ing 


pro nounce 

d 

ing 

crit i cise 

d 

mg 

man age 

d 

ing 

em bez zle 

d 

ing 

re joice 

d 

ing 

dis o blige 

d 

ing 

cat e chise 

d 

ing 

dis fig ure 

d 

ing 

com pro mise d 

ing 

un der val ue 

d 

ing 


le. Although ed in the past tense and participle is thus blended with 
the last syllable of the verb, yet when a noun is formed by adding ness 
to such participles, the eel becomes a distinct syllable. Thus blessed 
may be pronounced in one syllable ; but bless-ed-ness must le in three. 


9. Verbs ending in ay, oy, ow, ew, and ey, have regular derivatives in 

ed and ing. 


ar ray 

ed 

mg 

al loy 

ed 

ing 

re new 

ed 

ing 

al lay 

ed 

ing 

em ploy 

ed 

ing 

con vey 

ed 

ing 

pray 

ed 

ing 

de stroy 

ed 

ing 

fol low 

ed 

ing 

stray 

ed 

ing 

an noy 

ed 

ing 

be stow 

ed 

ing 

de lay 

ed 

ing 

en dow 

ed 

ing 

con voy 

ed 

ing 


But ci few monosyllables , as pay, say, and lay, change y into i, as 

paid, said, laid. 


10. Verbs ending in y, change y into i in the past tense and participle of 
the perfect, but retain it in the participle of the present tense. 

cry cried cry ing dry dried dry ing 

de fv de fled de fy ing car ry car ried car ry mg 

ed l fy ed i fled ed i fy ing mar ry mar ried mar ry ing 














SPELLING BOOK.. 


161 


11. Verbs ending in y change this letter to i in the second and third ver¬ 

sons, and in the word denoting the agent. Thus: 

Solemn Style. Familiar Style. Agent. 

I cry thou criest he crieth he cries crier 

I try thou triest he trieth # he tries trier 

Fast tense. 

I cried thou criedst he we ye they cried 

I tried thou triedst he we ye they tried 

12. Verbs ending in ie change ie into y when the termination ing of the 

present participle is added, as die, dying, lie, lying. 

The past tense , and participle of the present, are regular. 
died lied tied hied vied 

Formation of the plural number of nounso 

13. The regular plural of nouns is formed by the addition of s to the sin¬ 
gular ', which letter unites with most consona?its in the same syllable, but 
sounds like z after all the consonants except the aspirates f, p, q, t, k, 
or c with the sound of k. 


sing. 

plu. 

sing. 

plu. 

sing. 

plu. 

slab 

slabs 

roll 

rolls 

strait 

straits 

lad 

lads 

ham 

hams 

post 

posts 

chief 

chiefs 

chain 

ehains 

port 

ports 

bag 

bags 

crop 

crops 

sight 

sights 

signs 

back 

backs 

tear 

tears 

sign 

a. When 

the noun ends in e, if s will coalesce with the preceding conso¬ 
nant, it does not form an additional syllable. 

bride 

brides 

knave 

knaves 

bone 

bones 

blade 

blades 

date 

dates 

cake 

cakes 

smile 

smiles 

note 

notes 

flame 

flames 


b. If s will not coalesce with the preceding consonant , it unites with e, 

and forms an additional syllable. 


grace 

spice 

gra ces 
spi ces 

maze ma zes 

fleece flee ces 

pledge 

stage 

pledg es 
sta ges 

14. When nouns end in eh 

sh, ss, and x, the plural is formed by the 
addition of e s. 

church 

peach 

churches 

peaches 

bush bushes 

glass glasses 

dress 

fox 

dresses 

foxes 


15. Nouns ending in y after a consonant, form the plural by the changing 
of y into i, and the addition of e s; the termination ies being pro¬ 
nounced Ize, in monosyllables, and Iz in most other words. 


fly 

flies 

du ty 

du ties 

fu ry 

fu ries 

cry 

cries 

glory 

glo ries 

ber ry 

ber ries 

sky 

skies 

ru by 

ru bies 

mer cy 

mer cies 

cit y 

cit ies 

la dy 

la dies 

va can cy 

va can cies 


















X62 THE ELEMENTARY 

16. Nouns ending in ay, ey, oy, ow, ew, take s only to form the plural. 


day 

days 

val ley 

val leys 

boy 

boys 

way 

ways 

mon ey 

mon eys 

bow 

bows 

bay 

bays 

at tor ney 

at tor neys 

vow 

vows 

de lay 

de lays 

sur vey 

sur veys 

clew 

clews 


17. Nouns ending in a vowel take 

s or es. 


sea 

seas 

hoe hoes 

woe woes pie 

pies 

18. When the singular ends in f, the plural is usually formed by changing 



f into v, 

, with es. 


• 

life 

lives 

loaf 

loaves 

calf 

calves 

wife 

wives 

leaf 

leaves 

half 

halves 

knife 

knives 

shelf 

shelves 

sheaf 

sheaves 

beef 

beeves 

wharf 

wharves 

thief 

thieves 


Adjectives formed from nouns by the addition of y. 


n 

a 

n a 

n 

a n 

a 

bulk 

y 

silk y 

pith 

y rain 

y 

flesh 

y 

milk y 

meal 

y till 

y 


Some nouns when they take y, 

lose e final. 


flake 

flaky 

scale 

scaly 

stone 

stony 

plume 

plumy 

smoke 

smoky 

bone 

bony 


Adjectives formed from nouns by ly. 

n a n a n a n a 

friend ly love ly man ly earth ly 

home ly time ly cost ly lord ly 


Nouns formed from adjectives in y, by changing y into i and taking ness. 

a n a n an an 

hap py i ness la zy i ness drow sy i ness slia dy i ness 

loft y i ness emp ty i ness diz zy i ness chil ly i ness 

Adverbs formed from adjectives in y, by a change of y into i, and the 

addition of ly. 

a ad a ad a ad a ad 

craft y i ly luck y i ly loft y i ly gloom y i ly 

Adverbs formed from adjectives by the addition of ly. 

a ad a ad a ad 

fer vent ly brill iant ly cm i nent ly 

pa tient ly op u lent ly per ma nent ly 

Nouns formed from adjectives by adding ness. 

an an an 

au da cious ness of fi cious ness ra pa cious ness 

ca pa cious ness li cen tious ness in ge ni ous ness 

Adjectives formed from nouns by less, adverbs by ly, and nouns by ness. 

bound less ly ness blame less ly ness 

fear less ly ness need less ly ness 

hope less ly ness faith less ly ness 










SPELLING BOOK. K33I 


Adjectives formed from nouns by ful, from ivhich adverbs are formed by 

ly, and nouns by ness. 

n a ad n n a ad n n a ad n 

art ful ly ness pain ful ly ness skill ful ly ness 

care ful ly ness grace ful ly ness peace ful ly ness 

The termination ist added to words denotes an agent, 
art ist form a list loy al ist or gan ist du el ist bu inor ist 

In some words , y is changed into i. 

zo ol o gy zo ol o gist or ni tliol o gy or ni tbol o gist 

The prefix ante denotes before. 

date ante-date chamber ante-chamber diluvian ante-diluvian 
past ante-past penult ante-penult nuptial ante-nuptial 

The prefix anti usually denotes opposition or against. 

Christ anti-christ Christian anti-christian febrile anti-febrile 

Be, a prefix , generally denotes intensity; sometimes to make, as becalm, 

befoul. 

daub be-daub dew be-dew friend be-friend labor be-labor 
numb be-numb moan be-moan speak be-speak sprinkle be-sprinkle 

The prefix con, or co, denotes with or against; eon is chanqed into col 

before 1. 

co-equal co-exist co-habit con-form 

co-eval co-extend con-lirm con-join 

The prefix counter denotes against or opposition. 

balance counter-balance act counter-act evidence counter-evidence 
plead counter-plead work counter-work part counter-part 

The prefix de denotes down from; sometimes it yives a negative sense. 

base de-base bar de-bar compose de-compose cry de-cry 

form de-form fame de-fame face de-face garnish de-garnish 

Dis denotes separation, departure; hence gives to words a negative 

sense. 

able dis-able agree dis-agree allow dis-allow belief dis-belief 
credit dis-credit esteem dis-esteem grace dis-grace honor dis-honor 

Fore denotes before in time , sometimes in place. 

bode fore-bode father fore-father know fore-know noon fore-noon 
tell fore-tell taste fore-taste warn fore-warn run fore-run 

In, which is sometimes changed into il, im, and ir, denotes in, on, upon, 
or against; it gives to adjectives a negative sense, as, infirm; some¬ 
times it is intensive; sometimes it denotes to make; as, bank, im- 
bank; brown, imbrown; bitter, imbitter. 

In the following , it gives a negative sense, 
material im-material moderate im-moderate mutable im-mutable 








164 


the elementary 


I nure im-pure active in-active applicable in-applicable 

articulate in-articulate attention in-attention cautious in-cautious 

| defensible in-defensible discreet in-discreet distinct in-distmct 

| religious ir-religious reverent ir-reverent revocable lr-revocable 

Non is used as a prefix, giving to words a negative sense. 


| appearance non-appearance 
conformist non-conformist 


compliance non-compliance 
resident non-resident 


Out, as a prefix, denotes beyond, longer than, or more than, 
leap out-leap live out-live venom out-venom weigh out-weigh 

Over, as a prefix, denotes above, beyond, excess, too much. 

balance over-balance bold over-bold burden over-burden 

charge over-charge drive over-drive feed over-feed 

1 - -- — load over-load pay over-pay 


flow 


over-flow 


Trans, a prefix, signifies beyond, across or over, 
plant trans-plant Atlantic trans-atlantic 

Pre, as a prefix, denotes before, in time or rank. 

caution pre-caution determine pre-determine eminent pre-eminent 
[mature pre-mature occupy pre-occupy suppose pre-suppose 
conceive pre-conceive concert pre-concert exist pre-exist 

Ke, a prefix, denotes again or repetition. 


re-assert assure re-assure bound re-bound 

re-dissolve embark re-embark enter re-enter 

re-assume capture re-capture collect re-collect 

examine re-examine 

pay re-pay people re-people 


assert 
| dissolve 
assume 

commence re-commence conquer re-conquer 


| export re-export 

Un, a prefix , denotes not, and gives to words a negative sense 

[abashed un-abashed abated un-abated abolished un-abolishec 
[acceptableun-acceptableadjusted un-adjusted attainable un-attainable 
[biased un-biased consciousun-consciousequaled un-equaled 
[graceful un-graceful lawful un-lawful supportedun-supportec 

Super, supra, and sur, denote above, beyond, or excess. 

abound super-abound eminent super-eminent 

mundane supra-mundane charge sur-charge 

He seldom lives frugally, who lives by chance, or without method. 
Without frugality, none can be rich; and with it, few would be poor. 
Thn most necessary part of learning is to unlearn our errors. 

Small parties make up in diligence what they want in numbers. 

Some talk of subjects which they do not understand; others praise 
virtue, who do not practice it. 

The path of duty is always the path of safety. 

Be very cautious iu believing ill of your neighbor; but more cautious 
in reporting it. 











SPELLING BOOK. 

165 

fl FIGITBEB. 

IjSTTXBS. 

OF NUMBERS. 

NAMES, 

NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 

11 i 

I 

one 

first 

2 

II 

two 

second 

S 

III 

three 

third 

I 4 

IV 

four 

fourth 

B 5 

V 

five 

fifth 

H, 6 

VI 

six 

sixth 

a 7 

VII 

seven 

seventh 

8 

VIII 

eight 

eighth 

9 

IX 

nine 

ninth 

10 

X 

ten 

tenth 

1 11 

XI 

eleven 

eleventh 

8 12 

XII 

twelve 

twelfth 

8 13 

XIII 

thirteen 

thirteenth 

14 

XIV 

fourteen 

fourteenth 

15 

XV 

fifteen 

fifteenth 

16 

XVI 

sixteen 

sixteenth 

17 

XVII 

seventeen 

seventeenth 

18 

XVIII 

eighteen 

eighteenth 

19 

XIX 

nineteen 

nineteenth 

20 

XX 

twenty 

twentieth 

30 

XXX 

thirty 

thirtieth 

40 

XL 

forty 

fortieth 

50 

L 

fifty 

fiftieth 

60 

LX 

sixty 

sixtieth 

70 

LXX 

seventy 

seventieth 

80 

LXXX 

eighty 

eightieth 

90 

XC 

ninety 

ninetieth 

100 

C 

one hundred 

one hundredth 

200 

CC 

two hundred 

two hundredth 

300 

CCC 

three hundred 

three hundredth 

400 

cccc 

four hundred 

four hundredth 

500 

D 

five hundred 

five hundredth 

600 

DC 

six hundred 

six hundredth 

700 

DCC 

seven hundred 

seven hundredth 

800 

DCCC 

eight hundred 

eight hundredth 

900 

DCCCC 

nine hundred 

nine hundredth 

1000 

M 

one thousand, &c. 

one thousandth 

1829 

MDCCCXXIX one thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine 

S i one half. 

^ one sixth. 

3^ one tenth. 

1-1 


1-11111 

1-111111111 

4 one third. 

\ one seventh. 

f two fifths. 

1-11 


1-111111 

11-111 

4 - one fourth. 

4 one eighth. 

| four fifths. 

1-111 


1-1111111 

1111-1 

£ one fifth. 

4 one ninth. 

nine tenths. 

1-1111 

1-11111111 

111111111-1 















166 


THE ELEMENTARY 


WORDS AND PHRASES FROM FOREIGN LANGUAGES, FREQUENTLY 
OCCURRING IN ENGLISH BOOKS, RENDERED INTO ENGLISH. 

L. stands for Latin, F .for French , S .for Spanish. 


Ad captandum vulgus, L. to capti¬ 
vate the populace. 

Adfinem , L. to the end. 

Ad hominem, L. to the man. 

AcZ infinitum , L. to endless extent. 

Ad libitum, L. at pleasure. 

Ad referendum, L. for further con¬ 
sideration. 

Ad valorem, L. according to the 
value. 

Alma mater, L. a cherishing moth¬ 
er. 

A mensa et thoro, L. from bed and 
board. 

Anglice, L. according to the Eng¬ 
lish manner. 

Avalanche, F. a snow-slip ; a vast 
body of snow that slides down 
a mountain’s side. 

Auto da fe, S. act of faith; a sen¬ 
tence of the Inquisition for the 
punishment of heresy. 

Beau monde, F. the gay world. 

Bona fide, L. in good faith. 

Bon mot, F. a witty repartee. 

Cap-d-pie, F. from head to foot. 

Caput mortuum, L. the dead head; 
the worthless remains. 

Carte blanche, F. blank paper; per¬ 
mission without restraint. 

Chef d'oeuvre, F. a master-piece. 

Comme il faut , F. as it should be. 

Campos mentis, L. of sound mind. 

Coup de main, F. sudden enter¬ 
prise or effort. 

Dernier ressort, F. the last resort. 

Dieu et mon droit, F. God and my 
right. 

Ennui, F. weariness, lassitude. 

Epluribus unum, L. one out of, or 
composed of, many. [ The motto 
of the United States .] 

Ex, L. out; as, ex-minister, a min¬ 
ister out of office. 

Excelsior, L. more elevated. [The 
'motto of the State of New York. J 

Ex officio , L. by virtue of office. 

Ex parte, L. on one side only. 

Ex post facto, L. after the deed is 
done. 

Extempore, L. without premedita¬ 
tion. 

Fac simile , L. a close imitation. 

L FWe de chambre, F. a chamber¬ 
maid. 


Fortiter in re, L. with firmness m 
acting. 

Gens d'armes , F. armed police. 

Habeas corpus, L. that you have 
the body. [A writ for delivering 
a person f rom prison. J 

Hicjacet, L. here lies. 

Honi soit qui mol y pense, F. shame 
be to him that evil thinks. 

Hotel dieu, F. a hospital. 

Impromptu, L. without previous 
study. 

In statu quo, L. in the former state. 

In toto, L. in the whole. 

Ipse dixit, L. he said. 

Ipso facto, L. in fact. 

Jet-d'eau, F. a waterspout. 

Jeu d'esprit, F. a play of wit. 

Lex talionis , L. the law of retalia¬ 
tion ; as, an eye for an eye, etc. 

Literatim, L. letter for letter. 

Locum tenens. L. a substitute. 

Magna Charta, L. the great charter. 

Maximum, L. the greatest. 

Memento mori, L. be mindful of 
death. 

Minimum, L. the smallest. 

Mirabile dictu, L. wonderful to tell. 

Multum in parvo, L. much in a 
small compass. 

Non. con., or nem. dis., L. no one 
dissenting; unanimously. 

Ne plus ultra, L. the utmost ex¬ 
tent. 

Nolens volens, L. whether he will 
or not. 

Nom de plume, F. a literary title. 

Non compos mentis, L. not of a 
sound mind. 

Par nobile fratrurn, L. a noble pair 
of brothers. 

Pater patriae , L. the father of his 
country. 

Per annum, L. by the year. 

Per diem , L. by the day. 

Per cent , L. by the hundred. 

Per contra, L. contrariwise. 

Per se, L. by itself considered. 

Prima facie, L. at the first view. 

Primum mobile, L. first cause of 
motion. 

Pro bono publico, L. for the public 
good. 

Pro et con., L. for and against. 

Pro patina, L. for my country. 








SPELLING BOOK 


167 


Pro tempore , L. for the time. 

Pro re nata, L. as occasion re¬ 
quires ; for a special emergency. 

P/gnis et calcibus , L. with fists and 
feet, with all the might. 

Quantum , L. how much. 

Quantum sufflcit , L. a sufficient 
quantity. 

Qui transtulit sustinet , L. he who 
has borne them sustains them. 

Quid nune, L. a newsmonger. 

lie infecta , L. the thing not done. 

Sanctum Sanctorum, L. the Holy 
of Holies. 

Sangfroid , F. in cold blood, indif¬ 
ference. 

Sans souci , F. free and easy; with¬ 
out care. 

Secundum artem , L. according to 
art. 

Sic transit gloria mundi , L. thus 
passes away the glory of the 
world. 

Sine die , L. without a day speci¬ 
fied. 


Sine qua non, L. that without 
which a thing can not be done. 

Soi disant, F. self-styled. 

Suaviter in modo, L. agreeable in 
manner. 

Sub judice, L. under considera¬ 
tion. 

Sub rosa, L. under the rose, or pri¬ 
vately. [good. 

Summum bonum , L. the chief 

Toties quoties, L. as often as. 

Toto ccelo , L. wholly, as far as pos 
sible. 

Utile dulci , L. the useful with the 
agreeable. 

Vade mecum, L. (lit. go with me) ; a 
convenient companion; a hand¬ 
book. 

Veni, vidi , vici, L. I came, I saw, I 
conquered. 

Versus, L. against. 

Via , L. by the way of. 

Vice versa , L. the terms being ex¬ 
changed. 

Viva voce, L. with the voice. 


ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINED. 


Ans. Answer. 

A. A. S. Fellow of the 
American Academy. 
A. B. Bachelor of Arts. 
Abp. Archbishop. 

Acct. Account. 

A.D. Anno Domini, the 
year of our Lord. 
Adm. Admiral. 

Admr. Administrator. 
Admx. Administratrix. 
Ala. Alabama. 

A. M. Master of Arts; 
before noon; in the 
year of the world. 

Apr. April. 

Ariz. Arizona Ter. 

Ark. Arkansas. 

Atty. Attorney. 

Aug. August. 

Bart. Baronet. 

B. C. Before Christ. 

B. D. Bachelor of Di¬ 
vinity. 

Bbl. Barrel; bbls. bar¬ 
rels. 

Cal. California. 

C. Centum , a hundred. 


Capt. Captain. 

Chap. Chapter. 

Col. Colonel. 

Co. Company. 

Com. Commissioner, 
Commodore. 

Cr. Credit. 

Cwt. Hundred weight. 
Conn, or Ct. Connecti¬ 
cut. 

C. S. Keeper of the 
Seal. 

Cl. Clerk, Clergyman. 
Colo. Colorado. 

Cong. Congress. 

Cons. Constable. 

Cts. Cents. 

Dak. Dakota Ter. 

D. C. District of Co¬ 
lumbia. 

D. D. Doctor of Di¬ 
vinity. 

Dea. Deacon. 

Dec. December. 

Del. Delaware. 

Dept. Deputy. 

do. Ditto, tbe same. 

Dr. Doctor, or Debtor. 


D. V. Deo volente, God 
willing. 

E. East. 

Ed. Edition, Editor. 

E. & 0. E. Errors and 
omissions excepted. 

e. g. for example. 

Eng. England, English. 
Esq. Esquire. [forth. 
Etc. et caetera; and so 
Ex. Example. 

Exec. Executor. 

Execx. Executrix. 

Feb. February. 

Fla. Florida. 

Fr. France, French, 
Frances. 

F. R. S. Fellow of the 
Royal Society [Eng.] 

Oen. General. 

Cent. Gentleman. 

Oeo. George. 

Oa. or Oeo. Georgia. 
Gov. Governor. 

Hon. Honorable. 

Hund. Hundred. 

H. B. M. His or Her 
Britannic Majesty. 








168 


THE ELEMENTARY 




Hhd. Hogshead. 

Ibid. In the same place 
Ida. Idaho Ter. 
i. e. that is [id estj. 
id. the same. 

III. Illinois. 
lnd. Indiana. 


| lnd. Ter. Indian Ter. 
Inst. Instant. 

Io. Iowa. 

Ir. Ireland, Irish. 

Jan. January. 

Jas. James. 

Jac. Jacob. 

Josh. Joshua. 

Jun. or Jr. Junior. 

K. Kino;. 

Kans. Kansas. 

Ky. or Ken. Kentucky. 
Kt. Knight. 

L. or Ld. Lord or Lady. 
La. or Lou. Louisiana. 
Lieut. Lieutenant. 
Lond. London. 

Lon. Longitude. 

Ldp. Lordship. 

Lat. Latitude. 

LL.D. Doctor of Laws. 
lbs. Pounds. 

L. S. Place of the Seal. 

M. Marquis, Meridian, 
Maj. Major. 

Mass. Massachusetts. 
Matt. Matthew. 

Mch. March. 

M. D. Doctor of Medi¬ 
cine. 

Md. Maryland. 

Me. Maine. 

Mich. Michigan. 

Mr. Mister, Sir. 
Messrs. Gentlemen, 
Sirs. 

Minn. Minnesota. 

Miss. Mississippi. 


Mo. Missouri. 

. Mont. Montana Ter. 
MS. Manuscript. 

MSS. Manuscripts. 
3frs. Mistress. 

N. North. 

N. B. Take notice. 

N. C. North Carolina. 
Nebr. Nebraska. 

Nev. Nevada. 

N. Alex. New Mexico. 
N. H. New Hampshire. 
N. J. New Jersey. 

No. Number. 

Nov. November. 

N. S. New Style. 

N. Y. New York. 

O. Ohio. 

Obt. Obedient. 

Oct. October. 

Oreg. Oregon. 

O. S. Old Style. 

Pari. Parliament. 

Pa. or Penn. Pennsyl¬ 
vania. 

per , by; as, per yard, 
by the yard. 

Per cent. By the hun¬ 
dred. 

Pet. Peter. 

Phil. Philip. 

P. M. Post Master, Af¬ 
ternoon. 

P. 0. Post Office. 

P. S. Postscript. 

Pi. Psalm. 

Pres. President. 

Prof. Professor. 

Q. Question, Queen. 

q. d. (quasi dicat), as if 
he should say. 
q. 1. ( quantum libet), as 
much as you please. 
q. s. (quantum sufficit ), 
a sufficient quantity. 


Begr. Register. 

Rep. Representative. 
Rev. Reverend. 

Rt. Hon. Right Honor¬ 
able. 

R. I. Rhode Island. 

S. South, Shilling. 

S. C. South Carolina. 
St. Saint. 

Sect. Section. 

Sen. Senator, Senior. 
Sept. September. 

Servt. Servant. 

S. T. P. Professor of 

Sacred Theology. 

S. T. D . Doctor of Di¬ 
vinity. 

ss. to wit, namely. 

Surg. Surgeon. 

Tenn. Tennessee. 

Ter. Territory. 

Tex. Texas. 

Theo. Theophilus. 

Thos. Thomas. 

Ult. the last, or the last 
month. 

U. S. United States. 

U. S. A. United States 
of America. 

V. {vide), See. 

Va. Virginia. 

viz. to wit, namely. 

Vt. Vermont. 

Wash. Washington 
Ter. 

Wis. Wisconsin. 

Wt. Weight. 

Wm. William. 

W. Va. West Virginia. 
Wyo. Wyoming Terri¬ 
tory. 

Yd. Yard, 
tfc (et). And. 

&c. (= etc.) And so 
forth. 


PUNCTUATION. 

The comma (,) indicates a short pause. The semicolon (;) indi¬ 
cates a pause somewhat longer than that of a comma; the colon (:) a 
still longer pause; and the period (.) indicates the longest pause. 
The period is placed at the close of a sentence. 

The interrogation point (?) denotes that a question is asked, as, 
What do you see? 

An exclamation point ( !) denotes wonder, grief, or other emotion. 

A parenthesis () includes words not closely connected with the 
other words of the sentence 
















SPELLING BOOK. 159 


Brackets or liooks [ ] are sometimes used for nearly the same pur¬ 
pose as the parenthesis, or to include some explanation. 

A dash (—) denotes a sudden stop, or a change of subject, and 
requires a pause, but of no definite length. 

A caret (A) shows the omission of a word or letter, which is placed 

the 

above the line, the caret being put below, thus, give me hook. 

A 

An apostrophe ( ’) denotes the omission of a letter or letters, thus, 
lov’d, tho’t. 

A quotation is indicated by these points “ ” placed at the beginning 
and end of the passage. 

The index () points to a passage which is to be particularly 
noticed. 

The paragraph ( If) denotes the beginning of a new subject. 

The star or asterisk (* ), the dagger (+), and other marks ( J, §, | ), 
and sometimes letters and figures, are used to refer the reader to notes 
in the margin. 

The diaresis (••) denotes that the vowel under it is not connected 
with the preceding vowel. 

CAPITAL LETTERS. 

A capital letter should be used at the beginning of a sentence. It 
should begin all proper names of persons , cities , towns , villages , seas , 
rivers , mountains, lakes, ships , &c. It should begin every line of poetry, 
a quotation- , and often an important word. 

The name or appellation of God, Jehovah, Christ , Messiah , &c., 
should begin with a capital. 

The pronoun I and interjection 0 are always in capitals. 


No. 151.—CL I. 

THE LETTER q IS EQUIVALENT TO I*. THE 11 FOLLOWING, 
AND NOT ITALICIZED, HAS THE SOUND OF \V? ITALICIZED 
U IS SILENT. 


aq'ue duct 
aq ui line 
an tiq' ui ty 
eq' ni ty 
eq ni ta ble 
eq ui ta bly 
in Iq' ui ty 


in iq'ui tous 
liq' uid 
liq wor 
liq ue fy 
liq ue fae'tion 
liq' ue fi a ble 
liq ue fy ing 


liq' uid ate 
liq uid a'tion 
ob liq' ui ty 
u biq ui ty 
piq' want 
req ui §ite 
req ui gi' tion 


IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, t IS NOT SOUNDED. 


chas ten 
has ten 
ehris ten 


glis' ten 
fast' en 
list' en 


moist' en 
oft' en 
soft' en 






170 the elementary 

bab, lAst, «1re, FjVll, wHj^t; her, prey, there; get; bTrd, marine; link; 


El AND IE WITH THE SOUND OF E LONG. 


« 

The letters ei and ie occur in several words with the same 
sound, that of long e, but persons are often at a loss to recol¬ 
lect which of these letters stands first. I have therefore ar¬ 
ranged the principal words of these classes in two distinct 
tables, that pupils may commit them to memory, so that the 
order may be made as familiar as letters of the alphabet. 


WORDS IN WHICH THE LETTER C STANDS BEFORE i. 


9 eil 

disseize 

re9eive 

filing 

either 

re9eipt 

uon9eit 

inveigle 

seignior 

€on9eive 

leisure 

seine. 

de9eit 

neither 

seize 

de9eive 

obeisan9e 

seizin 

per9eive 

obeisant 

seizure 

WORDS IN WHICH 

THE LETTER i STANDS 

BEFORE e. 

achieve 

lief 

relievo 

grieve 

liege 

retrieve 

grievan9e 

lien 

shield 

grievous 

mien 

shieling 

aggrieve 

niege 

shriek 

belief 

pie9e 

siege 

believe 

pier 

thief 

brief 

pier9e 

thieve 

chief 

priest 

tier 

fief 

relief 

tier9e 

field 

relieve 

wield 

fiend 

reprieve 

yield 

brigadier 

bombardier 

fina^ier 

brevier 

grenadier 

cavalier — 

fier9e 

cannonier 

9hevalier — 


















SPELLING BOOK. 


171 


**9 T1I » wgtr, foot, noon, or ; s^lk, pull ; exist ; «=k ; 4=J ; |=* ; oH—iu. 

No. 152.—CL II. Words Difficult to Spell. 


(D 

a bey ance 
a 9erb'i ty 
ache (ak) 
ae qui es9e' 
a' er o naut 
ag' lie 
aZmg 

am a teur' 
am' e thyst 
an' a lyze 
an'o dyne 
an' swer 
a non' y mous 
an tique' 
aq' ue duet 
arch an'gel 
a skew' 
av oir du poig' 
aye (di) 

( 2 ) 

ban dan'a 
basque (bask) 
bass'-vi ol 
ba zaar' 
bea' eon 
beaux (fa) 
bis' cult (-kit) 
bor' ough 
bo' gom 
bruige (brooz ) 
bou' doir (- dwor) 


bu' reau (-r<5) 

ealk ( kawk ) 

ea pri'9e' 

ea rouge' 

ea tas' tro phe 

eau' eus 
•• 

eha' os (ka'~) 

(3) 

charge' a ble 

chi me'ra 

9hiv' al ry 

chyle (ktf) 

chyme (kim) ^ 

9ie' a tri9e — 

elique (kleek) 

eo' eoa (Who) 

eol' league 

eol lo' qui al 

comb (kdm) 

com' plai gmme 

eon' duit (-dit) 

eon di#n' 

eon va les9e' 

eon vey' 

corps (kor) 

eoun' ter feit 

eou'ri er 
•• 

court' e sy 
eourte' sy 

( 4 ) 

eoug in 
eox' comb 


croup 
eruige 
crural 
crypt _ 
euck' oo 
eu' po la 
de fi' cient 
dem' a gogue ~ 
di' a logue 
dil' i gen9e 
dis gulge' 
di shev' el 
dom'i 9ile 
Hough' ty 
draught (draft) 

(5) 

dys' en ter y — 
dys pep' sy 
ea' gle 
ef fer ves9e' 
e lec tri' cian 
el'e phant 
en 9y elo pe'di a 
en fran' chige 
e ques' tri an 
er y sip' e las 
es'pi on age 
ex eru' ci ate - 
e% haust' 
fa tigue' 

fie ti' tious- 

flaunt 
















172 


THE ELEMENTARY 


BAR, LIST, €AEK, r<ALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, THERE J GET; BIRD, MARINE,* LI^K J 


flo res' 9en9e 
for bade' — 
for' eigm er 

( 6 ) 

fran' chlge 
frlc as see' 
fur' \6ugh 
gay' e ty 
gauge — 
ga zelle' — 
gMst' 1 y 

ghost (| gost) 
g/ioul (gool) 

• v v np / 

gi rane 
gla' 9ier (seer) 
gnarled 
go' pher 
gor' geous (-jus) 
gour' mand 
grand' eur 
gro tesque' 
guar an tee' 
guar' an ty 
gud' geon (-jun) 

(7) 

guil'lo tin^ 
gum' ea (gin' e) 
gui§e (giz) 

gyp' sy 

hearth 
heif er 

he ir' loom (dr'q 
hem'i sphere 


herb' age 

hi e ro glyph'ic 

hoax 

hough (hoi) “ 
how' itz er 
hos' der 
hy r a 9mth 
hy e'na 
hy per' bo la 
Ice' berg 
Ich neu'mon 


(S) , 

ich thy 61 o gy- 
I' 91 cle 
I' dyl 

Im'be gile 
in dig' e nous 
in gen'ious (-ym) 
in trlgu'er 
I'o dide — 

I ras' 9i ble 
jas' mine 
jeop'ard y 
jave' lin 
jour'ney 

• 1v/ • w 

ju dr cious 

jui' 9y 

ka lel'do scope 
kan ga rob' 
&mck' knack 
lab' y rinth 

, , (») 

lar ynx 


llc'o rige 
lieu ten'ant 
li tlg'ious 
loath' some -— 
lunch' eon (-un) 
lus' cious 
li15 u'ri an9e 
lynx 

ma ghlne' 

Ma dei'ra 
ma gi' cian 
mal fea'§ange ^ 
ma li' cious 
ma ln/n 
man' a cle 
man eu'ver 
ma liy (men'y) 
mar' riage 

( 10 ) 

mea' §le§ 
me' di 6 ere 
mer'ean tile 
me ri'no 
metamor'phose 
ml a§' 111a 
mi li' tia 
mill'ion aire 
mis' chief 
mis' sion a ry 
moi' e ty 
mon' ey§ 
mon' eyed (-id) 
mortf gage 











SPELLING BOOK. 


173 


MOV*, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; B'pLK, PULI,; BJI8T J € = K ; &=J ; J = Z ; OH=SH. 


mor' tise 
mus ta9he' 
mils' gle (si) 


P W ie 

phys i og'no ihy 
phy §ique' 

mu §1' cian pi az' za 

musqui'to (-he'-) pict ur esque' 

(U) 

napA'tha * - 

ne go' ti ate P»r phy ry 
neigh' bor hood P r ^ r j e . 
neu ral'gi a P re cious 


pig' eon 
pom' age 


nymph 
o bei' san 9 e 

n Pv/ • w 

of II CIOUS 
o' gre 

om ni' scient 
6' nyx 
op ti'cian 
or' phan 

pas'an- 

pag' eant ry 
pan e gyr'ic 
par' a lyze 


pro dig'ious 
pro fi' cien 9y 

( 13 ) 

proph' e 9y 
pur' lieu§ 
pyr o tech' nics 
quar tette' (-W) 
quay (he) 
qul' nine 
quoit 

ragj/ ber ry^ 
reck' on 


par' ox ygm —* rec on noi' ter 
pa' tri arch re cruit' 


pe cul'iar 


rfrap'so dy 
rkn'ma ti§m 
rhi no9' e ros 
r/m' barb 


( 12 ) 

pe lisse' (-lees') 
peo'ple 
p e r iph' e ry (^y'-) r m e 
per ni' cious ro' guish 

per suade' ru ta-ba' ga - 

pha' e ton . ( 14 ) 

pho' to graph sa' ti ate (shi-dt) 


seal' lop 
scar la ti' na 
S9im' i ter — l 
S9i§' §or$ 
scourge 
serutoire'(-taor') 
S9yfhe 

sen' su al (shu-dl) 
shrewd 

sll' /<tou ette (-et) 
slili9e 

sol' dier (-jer) 

souve'nir - 
•• 

sov' er ei^n 
spe' cie§ 
sphe' roid 
sphinx 

stat u ette'(-eY) 
( 15 ) 

ste're o type 
stom' ach 
su per f I' cial 
sur' felt 
tab leaux' (-tiz*) 
tarn bour ine' 
tech' nic al 
■tur quoi§' (-hoiz') 
ty' phoid 
u nique' 
val' iant 
va lise' 
vex a' tious 
vil'lain ous 












174 


THE ELEMENTARY SPELLER. 


bab, lAst, cake, r,\LL, wh^t; hSb, pb|Y, th£bjc; «bt; bird, xabThb; Ltj»K; 


vi' ti ate (shi-dt) 
weird 
wres' de 
wretch' ed 
yacht ( yot) 

( 16 ) 

bae ehana'li an 
bru nette' (-net') 
ghan de lier' 
ea tiivrh' (-tar’) 
co quette' (-led) 
ero quet' (-M*) 
dis' tieh (-til) -— 
e clad (e IW) 
eleemds'ynary 
e li'te' (d leet') 
en nui (ong nwe') 
et i quette '(-let') 
ghe r' kin 
gym na' §i um 
hie' eough (-hup) 
ho'siery (hb'zher-) 
idiosyn'erasy 
. ( 17 ) 

Ind' ian (-yan) 
meer' sghaum — 
nau' seous (shus) 
neph'ew(wey f yod) 
phlegm (flerri) 

^sy ehol' o gy 
queue (ha) 
ra' ti o (ski o) 
sap o na' ceous - 


llab' lord 
loo*chool 
lart blansh’ 


[spelled.] [pronouxcbd.] 

aid'-de-eamp ad’de long 

bay'ou * to'oo 

belles-let' tres bel let’ tr 

bll' let-doux bil' le doo 

• • 

blanc-mange'-*^ bio mdnj ' 

brag ga do' ci O brag ga do' shi o 

buoy' an cy bicooy' an gy 

gham pagne' sham pan' 

clap' board 

eaout' chouc 
•• •• 

carte-blanghey 
( 18 ) 

eon' scienge Ion' shens 
da guerre'o type da ger' o tip 
dah'lia dal 1 yd 

de bris' da bre' 

dig gern' i ble diz zem'ibl 
encore' ong lor 

mad em oi gelle' mad mwa zeV 
mag ne ' si a niag ne'zhi a 

men ag' e rie men dzh'e ry 
mign on ette'^ min yon et' 
nau' se ate naw' she at 
pen i ten' tia ry pen i ten'sha ry 
port man' teau port man’to 


ren' dez vous 
•• 

res'tau rant 
right' eous 
ser'geant — 
sub' tie ty -- 
vign ette' 


ren'de voo 
res' to rant 
rV chus 

sar'jent or tier'- 
silt’ l ty 
vm yet' 


whort' le ber ry Jiwurt l ber ry 






I 









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